无机材料学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 1089-1096.DOI: 10.15541/jim20220710 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20220710

所属专题: 【能源环境】钙钛矿(202409) 【能源环境】太阳能电池(202409)

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

锡铅混合钙钛矿太阳能电池垂直组分梯度的溶剂工程调控

代晓栋1,2(), 张露伟2, 钱奕成2, 任智鑫2, 曹焕奇2(), 印寿根2   

  1. 1.理学院, 天津理工大学, 天津 300384
    2.材料科学与工程学院 显示材料与光电器件教育部重点实验室, 天津市光电显示材料与器件重点实验室, 功能材料国家级实验教学示范中心, 天津理工大学, 天津 300384
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-28 修回日期:2023-01-27 出版日期:2023-09-20 网络出版日期:2023-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 曹焕奇, 教授. E-mail: caoh@tjut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:代晓栋(1996-), 男, 硕士研究生. E-mail: 1021385583@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4200701);国家自然科学基金(61974103);天津市教委基金(2018ZD09)

Controlling Vertical Composition Gradients in Sn-Pb Mixed Perovskite Solar Cells via Solvent Engineering

DAI Xiaodong1,2(), ZHANG Luwei2, QIAN Yicheng2, REN Zhixin2, CAO Huanqi2(), YIN Shougen2   

  1. 1. School of Science, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Function Materials Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
  • Received:2022-11-28 Revised:2023-01-27 Published:2023-09-20 Online:2023-04-15
  • Contact: CAO Huanqi, professor. E-mail: caoh@tjut.edu.cn
  • About author:DAI Xiaodong (1996-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: 1021385583@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4200701);National Natural Science Foundation of China(61974103);Scientific Developing Foundation of Tianjin Education Commission(2018ZD09)

摘要:

带隙1.1~1.4 eV的锡铅混合卤化物钙钛矿是单结太阳能电池光电转换效率(PCE)接近Shockley-Queisser (S-Q)理论效率极限值的理想材料。钙钛矿薄膜垂直方向上的化学组分梯度会通过影响能带结构影响载流子的传输和分离, 因此对锡铅混合钙钛矿薄膜的结晶过程进行控制十分重要。本研究发现使用不同剂量的反溶剂制备锡铅混合钙钛矿会形成不同的垂直组分梯度, 并且随反溶剂用量增大薄膜表面铅含量增加。调整溶剂组分可以控制锡铅混合钙钛矿的垂直组分梯度, 增大溶剂中V(DMSO):V(DMF)可以形成底部富铅而表面富锡的垂直组分梯度。当铅基前驱液溶剂中V(DMSO):V(DMF)最优化为1 : 2时, 相比于1 : 4的对照组, 器件在标准光照条件下的开路电压从0.725 V提高到0.769 V, 短路电流密度从30.95 mA·cm-2提高到31.65 mA·cm-2, PCE从16.22%提升到接近18%。利用SCAPS软件数值模拟进一步证明了垂直组分梯度的必要性, 当钙钛矿薄膜底部富铅、顶部富锡时, 载流子在空穴传输层界面区域的复合有所减少, 因而电池性能得到提升。

关键词: 锡铅混合钙钛矿, 太阳能电池, 垂直组分梯度, 溶剂工程

Abstract:

With a bandgap of 1.1-1.4 eV, Sn/Pb mixed halide perovskites are ideal materials for single-junction solar cells to reach the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) limit of Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) theory. Their chemical composition gradient in the vertical direction of the perovskite films affect the transport and separation of carriers by changing the energy band structures. Therefore, it is very important to control the crystallization process of tin-lead mixed perovskite thin films. In this work, it was found that different vertical composition gradients were formed when tin-lead mixed perovskites were prepared with different amounts of the anti-solvent. Larger amounts of anti-solvent was contributed to higher lead content on the film surface. The vertical composition gradient of tin-lead mixed perovskite could be regulated by adjusting the solvent composition, among which increasing V(DMSO):V(DMF) in the solvent could form a vertical composition gradient with a lead-rich bottom and a tin-rich surface. When V(DMSO):V(DMF) in lead-based precursor solutions was optimized to 1 : 2, compared with the control group of 1 : 4, open circuit voltage of the device under standard light conditions increased from 0.725 to 0.769 V, short circuit current density from 30.95 to 31.65 mA·cm-2, and PCE from 16.22% to nearly 18%. Numerical simulations using SCAPS further proved the necessity of forming a vertical composition gradient. When the bottom of the perovskite film is rich in lead and the top is rich in tin, the recombination of carriers in the hole transport layer interface region is reduced, which can improve the device’s performance.

Key words: tin-lead mixed perovskite, solar cell, vertical component gradient, solvent engineering

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