原位生长钙钛矿太阳能电池共形氧化锡薄膜

doi:10.15541/jim20240202

无机材料学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1397-1403.DOI: 10.15541/jim20240202 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20240202

所属专题：【能源环境】钙钛矿(202412)；【能源环境】太阳能电池(202412)

原位生长钙钛矿太阳能电池共形氧化锡薄膜

刘锁兰¹^,²(), 栾福园¹^,³, 吴子华³^,⁴, 寿春晖⁵, 谢华清³^,⁴, 杨松旺¹^,²()

1.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所, 中国科学院能量转换材料重点实验室, 上海 201899
2.中国科学院大学材料科学与光电工程中心, 北京 100049
3.上海第二工业大学能源与材料学院, 上海 201209
4.上海先进热功能材料工程技术研究中心, 上海 201209
5.浙江省白马湖实验室有限公司, 杭州 310000

收稿日期:2024-04-18 修回日期:2024-06-20 出版日期:2024-07-16 网络出版日期:2024-07-16
通讯作者: 杨松旺, 研究员. E-mail: swyang@mail.sic.ac.cn
作者简介:刘锁兰(1999-), 女, 硕士研究生. E-mail: liusuolan21@mails.ucas.ac.cn

In-situ Growth of Conformal SnO₂ Layers for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

LIU Suolan¹^,²(), LUAN Fuyuan¹^,³, WU Zihua³^,⁴, SHOU Chunhui⁵, XIE Huaqing³^,⁴, YANG Songwang¹^,²()

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China
2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. School of Energy and Materials, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China
4. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional Materials, Shanghai 201209, China
5. Zhejiang Baima Lake Laboratory Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China

Received:2024-04-18 Revised:2024-06-20 Published:2024-07-16 Online:2024-07-16
Contact: YANG Songwang, professor. E-mail: swyang@mail.sic.ac.cn
About author:LIU Suolan (1999-), female, Master candidate. E-mail: liusuolan21@mails.ucas.ac.cn
Supported by:
Space Application System of China Manned Space Program

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来, 钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)的光电转换效率(PCE)取得了重要进展, 其中, 电子传输层作为重要组成部分, 对PSCs的性能有显著影响。传统旋涂法制备的电子传输层(ETL)难以完全覆盖FTO透明导电衬底尖端, 使得钙钛矿薄膜与FTO衬底直接接触, 导致电荷复合, PSCs性能降低。针对这一问题, 本研究提出了一种原位生长方法, 在FTO玻璃衬底上制备共形的SnO₂薄膜。所得SnO₂薄膜不仅致密均匀, 而且能够覆盖FTO玻璃衬底尖端, 降低FTO衬底与钙钛矿薄膜的接触面积, 使在其上制备的钙钛矿薄膜具有更大的晶粒尺寸。此外, 共形的SnO₂薄膜还能促进SnO₂/钙钛矿界面电荷的有效提取, 降低PSCs的陷阱密度, 抑制陷阱辅助的电荷复合, 从而提升PSCs的PCE。对比实验发现, 当PSCs采用原位生长SnO₂薄膜时, 其PCE提升至21.97%, 相较于采用旋涂法制备的SnO₂薄膜(20.93%)有了明显提升, 表明原位生长SnO₂薄膜可用作理想的ETL。值得一提的是, 由于原位生长SnO₂方法无需添加具有强腐蚀性的盐酸和有毒的巯基乙酸, 未来亦可扩展应用于不耐腐蚀的ITO柔性透明导电衬底。

关键词: 钙钛矿太阳能电池, 共形氧化锡薄膜, 原位生长

Abstract:

Significant progress has recently been made in enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The electron transport layer (ETL), as an essential component of PSCs, significantly influences the performance of devices. Traditional spin-coating method for preparing the ETL fails to fully cover the cusp of FTO transparent conductive glass substrate, leading to direct contact between perovskite film and FTO substrate, which induces charge recombination and reduces the performance of PSCs. To address this issue, an in-situ growth method was proposed to prepare conformal SnO₂ films on FTO glass substrates in this study. The resulting SnO₂ films are not only dense and uniform, fully covering the cusp of the FTO glass substrates and reducing the contact area between the FTO substrates and the perovskite films, but also facilitating the formation of perovskite films with large grain sizes. Moreover, the conformal SnO₂ films can improve the charge extraction at the SnO₂/perovskite interface, reduce the trap density and trap-assisted recombination in PSCs, and thus enhance the PCE of PSCs. Through comparative experiments, it is found that the PSCs with in-situ grown SnO₂ films show an improved PCE of 21.97%, which significantly increased compared to that with spin-coated SnO₂ films (20.93%). All above data demonstrate that the as-prepared SnO₂ film can serve as an ideal ETL. It is worth mentioning that this method avoids the use of corrosive hydrochloric acid and toxic thioglycolic acid, and it can also be extended to ITO flexible transparent conductive substrates in the future.

Key words: perovskite solar cell, conformal SnO₂ film, in-situ growth

中图分类号:

TQ174

刘锁兰, 栾福园, 吴子华, 寿春晖, 谢华清, 杨松旺. 原位生长钙钛矿太阳能电池共形氧化锡薄膜[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(12): 1397-1403.

LIU Suolan, LUAN Fuyuan, WU Zihua, SHOU Chunhui, XIE Huaqing, YANG Songwang. In-situ Growth of Conformal SnO₂ Layers for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(12): 1397-1403.

图/表 6

Fig. 1 SEM, AFM morphologies, and transmittance of FTO glass substrate, SC SnO2 and IG SnO2 films (a-c) Top-view SEM images of (a) FTO glass substrate, (b) SC SnO2 and (c) IG SnO2 films; (d, e) Cross-sectional SEM images of (d) SC SnO2 and (e) IG SnO2 films; (f) Transmittance spectra of SC SnO2, IG SnO2 films and FTO glass substrate; (g-i) AFM images of (g) FTO glass substrate, (h) SC SnO2 and (i) IG SnO2 films with insets showing the corresponding 3D images

Fig. 2 SEM morphologies, photoluminescence properties, and grain size distributions of perovskite films (a, b) Cross-sectional SEM images of perovskite films deposited on (a) SC SnO2 and (b) IG SnO2 films; (c) Steady-state PL spectra of perovskite films deposited on SC SnO2 and IG SnO2 films; (d, e) Top-view SEM images of perovskite films deposited on (d) SC SnO2 and (e) IG SnO2 films; (f) Grain size distribution histograms of perovskite films corresponding to (d, e)

Fig. 3

Photovoltaic performance of PSCs based on SC SnO2 and IG SnO2 films (a) J-V curves; (b) IPCE spectra; (c-f) Statistical distributions of (c) PCE, (d) VOC, (e) JSC, and (f) FF; (g) TPC decay curves; (h) TPV decay curves; (i) VOC dependent curves of the light intensity

Fig. 4 Schematic illustration of the growth of SnO2 and perovskite layer

Table S1 Photovoltaic parameters of the perovskite solar cells

Sample	V_OC/V	J_SC/(mA·m^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%
SC SnO₂	1.0950±0.0165	24.910±0.156	73.650±1.278	20.080±0.376
IG SnO₂	1.1170±0.0126	25.060±0.079	76.650±0.809	21.450±0.321

Table S2 Fitting parameters of the TPC and TPV curves

Curve	Parameter	SC SnO₂	IG SnO₂
TPC	τ/μs	7.45	4.23
TPV	A₁	0.586	0.617
	τ₁/ms	0.232	0.094
	A₂	0.244	0.197
	τ₂/ms	1.548	1.539
	τ_avg/ms	1.199	1.307

参考文献 29

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原位生长钙钛矿太阳能电池共形氧化锡薄膜

In-situ Growth of Conformal SnO₂ Layers for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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原位生长钙钛矿太阳能电池共形氧化锡薄膜

In-situ Growth of Conformal SnO2 Layers for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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In-situ Growth of Conformal SnO₂ Layers for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells