Research Progress on Oxide Eutectic Ceramics: Composition Design, Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms, and High Temperature Performance

doi:10.15541/jim20260342

Abstract

Abstract: Oxide eutectic ceramics are directly solidified from the melt via eutectic reactions, featuring three-dimensional interpenetrating network structures, the absence of conventional grain boundaries and amorphous phases, and atomically strong interfaces. These characteristics endow them with excellent high-temperature strength retention, creep resistance, and environmental corrosion resistance, making them promising candidates for ultrahigh-temperature structural applications in aerospace and energy systems. However, their intrinsic brittleness and relatively low fracture toughness at room temperature remain major obstacles to engineering applications. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in oxide eutectic ceramics in three aspects: composition design, strengthening and toughening strategies, and high-temperature performance. In terms of composition design, the selection strategies of Al₂O₃-based, ZrO₂-based, and high-entropy oxide eutectic ceramics are summarized, with particular emphasis on the effects of single-element doping (Cr, Co), multi-element doping (Ce/Cr, Ce/Pr/Cr), and rare-earth ion doping on microstructure and property regulation. The effects of doped phases, such as Y₂O₃ and TiO₂, on the stability of eutectic microstructures are also discussed. Regarding strengthening and toughening, strategies based on eutectic microstructure regulation, including eutectic refinement, morphology control, and crystallographic orientation control, are reviewed together with other strengthening and toughening approaches, such as ZrO₂ phase-transformation toughening, particle/whisker/fiber reinforcement, and surface engineering, highlighting the potential of multiscale synergistic toughening. In terms of high-temperature properties, creep resistance, calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate (CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂, CMAS) and water-oxygen corrosion resistance, high-temperature friction and wear behavior, and thermal stability of oxide eutectic ceramics are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the unique advantages of three-dimensional interpenetrating eutectic networks under high-temperature service conditions. Finally, the current challenges and future research directions are outlined, including multiscale synergistic toughening, the expansion of high-entropy eutectic systems, and the optimization of service performance under complex environmental conditions. This review aims to provide a reference for the controllable fabrication and application of high-performance oxide eutectic ceramics.

Key words: oxide eutectic ceramic, composition design, strengthening and toughening, high-temperature performance, review

CLC Number:

TQ174

LIU Sisi, ZHANG Zhuo, ZHANG Jing, ZHANG Ning, SU Haijun. Research Progress on Oxide Eutectic Ceramics: Composition Design, Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms, and High Temperature Performance[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260342.

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