纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料损伤失效的多尺度仿真研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20250504

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多尺度仿真是揭示纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料跨尺度力学行为与损伤失效机理的重要研究手段,其在材料本构建模、损伤机理揭示及环境耦合失效预测等方面的应用已成为当前研究热点。本文基于微观-细观-宏观跨尺度耦合机制,梳理了多尺度仿真方法的基本概念、分析策略与参数传递的难点,重点阐述了数据驱动方式在提升多尺度计算效率中的应用进展。围绕陶瓷基复合材料损伤本构建模、失效机理分析和氧化损伤研究,综述了多尺度仿真在纤维/基体拉伸与渐进损伤、界面分层与裂纹扩展,高温氧化损伤等典型问题中的应用成效;分析了该方法在裂纹萌生扩展、裂纹生长预测等动态破坏过程模拟中的技术优势;并进一步探讨了高温氧化环境下多物理场耦合损伤建模的最新进展。本文旨在为多尺度仿真方法在极端环境材料设计中的应用提供理论支撑,并对其在陶瓷基复合材料领域的未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 多尺度仿真, 陶瓷基复合材料, 失效机理, 力学性能, 综述

Abstract: Multi-scale simulation is a vital analytical tool for elucidating the cross-scale mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms of fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites. Current research focuses on its applications in constitutive modeling, damage mechanism elucidation, and failure prediction under coupled environmental factors. Within the framework of across micro-, meso-, and macro-scale coupling mechanisms, this paper systematically reviews the fundamental concepts, analytical strategies, and critical challenges associated with parameter transfer in multi-scale simulations. Emphasis is placed on the role of data-driven paradigms in enhancing multi-scale computational efficiency within multi-scale frameworks. Applications of these methods in damage constitutive modeling and oxidation damage analysis are comprehensively surveyed, with particular focus on tensile progressive damage, interfacial delamination, and crack propagation. The advantages of multi-scale simulation in capturing dynamic failure processes, such as crack initiation and propagation, are analyzed. Furthermore, recent advancements in multi-physics coupled damage modeling under high-temperature oxidative environments are explored, providing a theoretical basis for the design of ceramic matrix composites in extreme service conditions. Finally, an outlook on potential future developments of multi-scale simulation methods for ceramic matrix composites is presented.

Key words: multi-scale simulation, ceramic matrix composite, failure mechanism, mechanical property, review

中图分类号:

TB330

王兴, 余婷, 郭蕾, 王为得, 彭峥, 马青松. 纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料损伤失效的多尺度仿真研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250504.

WANG Xing, YU Ting, GUO Lei, WANG Weide, PENG Zheng, MA Qingsong. Research Progress on Multi-scale Simulation of Damage and Failure in Fiber-reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250504.

参考文献

[1] NASLAIN R.Design, preparation and properties of non-oxide CMCs for application in engines and nuclear reactors: an overview.Composites Science and Technology, 2004, 64(2): 155.
[2] LIN B, WANG H J, WEI J H,et al. Diamond wheel grinding characteristics of 3D orthogonal quartz fiber reinforced silica ceramic matrix composite. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2021, 34(5): 404.
[3] 李志永, 李立翰, 郑日恒, 等. 针刺预制体分层对燃烧室C/C-SiC热防护结构的影响. 推进技术, 2011, 32(5): 698.
[4] 王权威, 王程冬, 鲁中良, 等. 面向单晶涡轮叶片的氧化硅基陶瓷型芯快速成形性能. 材料工程, 2022, 50(7): 51.
[5] LEE K N, HARDER B J, PULEO B J,et al. Manufacturing process development and rig validation of slurry environmental barrier coatings for SiC ceramic and SiC composite sub-components. Coatings, 2022, 12(11): 1635.
[6] 刘宝瑞, 李尧, 侯传涛, 等. 陶瓷基复合材料氧化行为与剩余强度数值分析. 强度与环境, 2021, 48(6): 1.
[7] EVANS A G, ZOK F W, DAVIS J.The role of interfaces in fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites.Composites Science and Technology, 1991, 42(1/2/3): 3.
[8] IBNABDELJALIL M, CURTIN W A.Strength and reliability of fiber-reinforced composites: localized load-sharing and associated size effects.International Journal of Solids and Structures, 1997, 34(21): 2649.
[9] ZOK F W.Ceramic-matrix composites enable revolutionary gains in turbine engine efficiency.American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 2016, 95(5): 22.
[10] QIAO K, XU X W, BUI T Q,et al. A hierarchical coupled multiscale analysis for the tensile damage behavior of notched 3D woven composites. Composite Structures, 2023, 306: 116611.
[11] SHI D Q, HAO W Q, SUI T X,et al. Low-cycle fatigue behavior of coated and uncoated single crystal Ni-based superalloy at various temperatures. International Journal of Fatigue, 2024, 188: 108513.
[12] SONG X Y, ZHOU J, YEOH K M,et al. Multiscale modelling of residual thermal stresses and off-axis bending in 3D braided composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2026, 308: 112972.
[13] FISH J.Multiscale methods: bridging the scales in science and engineering. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010: 31-35
[14] 马昕, 刘海韬, 孙逊. 连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料连接件的研究进展. 材料工程, 2023, 51(8): 1.
[15] LAN Y Y, LIU B.Micromechanical analysis of fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites by a geometrically nonlinear hierarchical quadrature element model.Composite Structures, 2024, 342: 118245.
[16] DONG H N, GAO X G, ZHANG S,et al. Multi-scale modeling and experimental study of fatigue of plain-woven SiC/SiC composites. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2021, 114: 106725.
[17] KIM M, KO H, KWON T,et al. Development of novel refractory ceramic continuous fibers of fly ash and comparison of mechanical properties with those of E-glass fibers using the Weibull distribution. Ceramics International, 2020, 46(9): 13255.
[18] LAMON J, R’MILI M. Investigation of flaw strength distributions from tensile force-strain curves of fiber tows.Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2021, 145: 106262.
[19] BENJEDDOU O.Weibull statistical analysis and experimental investigation of size effects on tensile behavior of dry unidirectional carbon fiber sheets.Polymer Testing, 2020, 86: 106498.
[20] LI Y H, MA Y, GUAN T H,et al. A meso-scale stochastic model for tensile behavior of 2D woven ceramic composites considering void defects and stacking mode. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2024, 176: 107838.
[21] 钱逸星, 杨振宇, 卢子兴. 纺织复合材料力学性能数值模拟方法研究进展. 航空制造技术, 2022, 65(16): 135.
[22] YANG S N, SHEN L, LI W H,et al. Multiscale modelling for the thermal transport behaviour of ceramic matrix composites with hierarchical structures. Composites Communications, 2024, 46: 101848.
[23] KALEEL I, PETROLO M, CARRERA E,et al. Computationally efficient concurrent multiscale framework for the nonlinear analysis of composite structures. AIAA Journal, 2019, 57(9): 4029.
[24] MATOUŠ K, GEERS M G D, KOUZNETSOVA V G,et al. A review of predictive nonlinear theories for multiscale modeling of heterogeneous materials. Journal of Computational Physics, 2017, 330: 192.
[25] MIEHE C, BAYREUTHER C G.On multiscale FE analyses of heterogeneous structures: from homogenization to multigrid solvers.International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2007, 71(10): 1135.
[26] PLEWS J A, DUARTE C A.Bridging multiple structural scales with a generalized finite element method.International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2015, 102(3/4): 180.
[27] VANAERSCHOT A, COX B N, LOMOV S V,et al. Stochastic multi-scale modelling of textile composites based on internal geometry variability. Computers & Structures, 2013, 122: 55.
[28] VANAERSCHOT A, COX B N, LOMOV S V,et al. Multi-scale modelling strategy for textile composites based on stochastic reinforcement geometry. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2016, 310: 906.
[29] TAO W, ZHU P, XU C,et al. Uncertainty quantification of mechanical properties for three-dimensional orthogonal woven composites. Part II: multiscale simulation. Composite Structures, 2020, 235: 111764.
[30] 翟军军. 基于多尺度理论的三维编织复合材料力学性能研究. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨理工大学博士学位论文, 2018.
[31] 杨甜甜, 张典堂, 邱海鹏, 等. SiC_f/SiC纺织复合材料细观结构及力学性能研究进展. 航空材料学报, 2020, 40(5): 1.
[32] 赵雪尧, 魏坤龙, 史宏斌, 等. 基于多尺度方法的三维编织C/C复合材料弯曲失效特性分析. 应用力学学报, 2022, 39(4): 642.
[33] HE C W, GE J R, ZHANG B B,et al. A hierarchical multiscale model for the elastic-plastic damage behavior of 3D braided composites at high temperature. Composites Science and Technology, 2020, 196: 108230.
[34] 谭志勇, 阎君, 宁蕙, 等. 宏/细观一体化多尺度数值分析的进展与应用. 强度与环境, 2023, 50(5): 1.
[35] FEYEL F.A multilevel finite element method (FE2) to describe the response of highly non-linear structures using generalized continua.Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2003, 192(28/29/30): 3233.
[36] ÖZDEMIR I, BREKELMANS W A M, GEERS M G D. Computational homogenization for the thermo-mechanical analysis of heterogeneous solids.Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2008, 198(3/4): 602.
[37] FANG G D, WANG B, LIANG J.A coupled FE-FFT multiscale method for progressive damage analysis of 3D braided composite beam under bending load.Composites Science and Technology, 2019, 181: 107691.
[38] HAN X, GE H L, CHEN X H,et al. Macro-micro integrated modeling and analysis method for ceramic matrix composite material structures with stress concentration. Composite Structures, 2025, 355: 118837.
[39] LI H L, KHODAEI Z S, FERRI ALIABADI M H. Multiscale modelling of material degradation and failure in plain woven composites: a novel approach for reliable predictions enabled by meta-models.Composites Science and Technology, 2023, 233: 109910.
[40] 马鹏辉, 胡殿印, 刘茜, 等. 基于数据驱动的纤维增强复合材料高效多尺度损伤分析方法. 航空动力学报, 2025, 40(7): 20230051.
[41] LIU Z L.Deep material network with cohesive layers: multi-stage training and interfacial failure analysis.Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2020, 363: 112913.
[42] LIU Z L.Cell division in deep material networks applied to multiscale strain localization modeling.Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2021, 384: 113914.
[43] LIU Z L, WU C T.Exploring the 3D architectures of deep material network in data-driven multiscale mechanics.Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 2019, 127: 20.
[44] LIU Z L, WU C T, KOISHI M.A deep material network for multiscale topology learning and accelerated nonlinear modeling of heterogeneous materials.Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2019, 345: 1138.
[45] BESSA M A, BOSTANABAD R, LIU Z,et al. A framework for data-driven analysis of materials under uncertainty: countering the curse of dimensionality. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2017, 320: 633.
[46] 王兵, 王章文, 方国东, 等. 陶瓷基复合材料厚壁圆筒结构强度分析. 强度与环境, 2023, 50(5): 11.
[47] COX H L.The elasticity and strength of paper and other fibrous materials.British Journal of Applied Physics, 1952, 3(3): 72.
[48] BUDIANSKY B, HUTCHINSON J W, EVANS A G.Matrix fracture in fiber-reinforced ceramics.Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 1986, 34(2): 167.
[49] SHOJAEI A, LI G Q, FISH J,et al. Multi-scale constitutive modeling of ceramic matrix composites by continuum damage mechanics. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2014, 51(23/24): 4068.
[50] GAO X G, DONG H N, ZHANG S,et al. Multi-scale modeling and experimental study of the strength of plain-woven SiC/SiC composites. Applied Composite Materials, 2019, 26(5): 1333.
[51] DE BIANCHI F, PONNUSAMI S A, SILVESTRONI L,et al. Thermo-elastic properties in short fibre reinforced ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites: characterisation and numerical assessment. Materials Today Communications, 2021, 29: 102754.
[52] ZHENG X S, LU D B, ZHOU J X,et al. Interphase model for computational homogenization of short fibers reinforced composites with imperfect interfaces. Composite Structures, 2025, 371: 119456.
[53] CHEN W J, FU K K, LI Y.A modified random sequential absorption algorithm for generating RVE of discontinuous curved fiber reinforced composites.Acta Mechanica Sinica, 2024, 41(12): 424434.
[54] 王吉玲, 金浩, 郭瑞文, 等. 基于机器学习的短纤维增强复合材料弹性力学性能预测. 复合材料学报, 2024, 41(11): 6261.
[55] LI J T, LIU J, WANG B,et al. Tensile damage evolution of unidirectional ceramic matrix composites under thermal stress. Ceramics International, 2024, 50(21): 43500.
[56] DU X Y, HE C W, MA L H.Multiscale nonlinear analysis of 3D orthogonal woven C/SiC composites based on the CT reconstruction.International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2024, 21(5): 3274.
[57] GAO X G, HAN X, SONG Y D.X-ray computed tomography based microstructure reconstruction and numerical estimation of thermal conductivity of 2.5D ceramic matrix composite.Ceramics International, 2017, 43(13): 9790.
[58] ZHAO X Y, GUO F, LI B B,et al. Multiscale numerical modeling for thermal behavior of plain-woven composites with interfacial and internal defects. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2023, 202: 123711.
[59] AI S G, SONG W L, CHEN Y F.Stress field and damage evolution in C/SiC woven composites: image-based finite element analysis andin situ X-ray computed tomography tests. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2021, 41(4): 2323.
[60] QIAN W J, ZHANG W N, WU S C,et al. In situ X-ray imaging and numerical modeling of damage accumulation in C/SiC composites at temperatures up to 1200 ℃. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2024, 197: 65.
[61] GUO W Y, WANG L, HOU C T,et al. Deep-learning-based image-driven modelling of woven ceramic matrix composites: incorporating real void morphology and damage-induced behaviour. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2026, 308: 112987.
[62] CUI Y, GUO Y Y, WANG C,et al. Improved image preprocessing method applicable to high-temperature digital image correlation measurement. Optical Engineering, 2024, 63(5): 054101.
[63] KACZMAREK R, DUPRÉ J C, DOUMALIN P,et al. High-temperature digital image correlation techniques for full-field strain and crack length measurement on ceramics at 1200℃: optimization of speckle pattern and uncertainty assessment. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 2021, 146: 106716.
[64] LIU B, LAN S Z, LI J Q,et al. Digital image correlation in extreme conditions. Thin-Walled Structures, 2024, 205: 112589.
[65] NIU G, ZHU R, QU Z,et al. A robust deep learning-assisted digital image correlation for deformation measurement at 1600 ℃ in air. Experimental Mechanics, 2025, 65(6): 955.
[66] ZHAO Z Q, DANG H Y, ZHANG C,et al. A multi-scale modeling framework for impact damage simulation of triaxially braided composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2018, 110: 113.
[67] GE L, LI H M, ZHANG Y Y,et al. Multiscale viscoelastic behavior of 3D braided composites with pore defects. Composites Science and Technology, 2022, 217: 109114.
[68] JIN F, ZHAO Z H, LIU L L,et al. Multi-scale prediction method for ice impact resistance of 3D braided composites based on surface-inner cell model. Composite Structures, 2025, 363: 119142.
[69] LI Y D, YAN S B, YAN Y,et al. Modelling of the compressive behavior of 3D braided tubular composites by a novel unit cell. Composite Structures, 2022, 287: 115303.
[70] ZHU Y X, HE C W, ZHAO T,et al. Towards accurate prediction of the dynamic behavior and failure mechanisms of three-dimensional braided composites: a multiscale analysis scheme. Thin-Walled Structures, 2024, 203: 112188.
[71] OBERT E, DAGHIA F, LADEVÈZE P,et al. Micro and meso modeling of woven composites: transverse cracking kinetics and homogenization. Composite Structures, 2014, 117: 212.
[72] PRZYBYLA C, DÉBARRE A, MAIRE J F,et al. Scaler nonlinear continuum damage models for ceramic matrix composites with and without in plane ply anisotropy at room temperature. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2025, 45(2): 116888.
[73] XU P F, ZHANG H Y, JIN E Z,et al. Thermo-mechanical coupling failure mechanisms of reusable SiC/SiC composites with PyC interphase. International Journal of Fatigue, 2024, 189: 108580.
[74] HU X F, TAN S Y, XU H Q,et al. Modelling high temperature progressive failure in C/SiC composites using a phase field model: oxidation rate controlled process. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2025, 433: 117544.
[75] QUAN H F, WANG L Y, HUANG J T,et al. High-temperature oxidation behavior and mechanism of the Si-based thermal protective coating for SiC_f/SiC composites under static oxidation and H₂O/O2/Na₂SO₄ corrosion oxidation. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2022, 238: 109906.
[76] SKINNER T, CHATTOPADHYAY A.Multiscale temperature-dependent ceramic matrix composite damage model with thermal residual stresses and manufacturing-induced damage.Composite Structures, 2021, 268: 114006.
[77] WANG B, WANG J L, LYU Q H,et al. Multiscale damage and failure behavior of SiC_f/SiC composites with initial defects. Ceramics International, 2025, 51(14): 19366.
[78] CHEN M M, LIU Q H.Multi-scale modelling of progressive damage and failure behaviour of 2D woven SiC/SiC composites.Ceramics International, 2021, 47(20): 28821.
[79] JENKINS W, GROSS H, DETWILER K,et al. Developing a continuum damage model for ceramic matrix composites using genetic programming based symbolic regression. Composite Structures, 2025, 369: 119274.
[80] SPILKER K, LEBENSOHN R A, JACOBSEN G,et al. A mean field homogenization model for the mechanical response of ceramic matrix composites. Composite Structures, 2025, 352: 118630.
[81] GRUJICIC M, SNIPES J S, GALGALIKAR R,et al. Multi-length-scale derivation of the room-temperature material constitutive model for SiC/SiC ceramic-matrix composites. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 2017, 231(5): 443.
[82] RI U I, RI J H, HONG H S.Multiscale computational homogenization for woven composites using the cluster-based nonuniform transformation field analysis.Archive of Applied Mechanics, 2023, 93(5): 1797.
[83] HUI X Y, XU Y J, HOU Y L.A coupled micro-meso-scale study on the damage mechanism of 2D SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites.Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2021, 28(20): 2083.
[84] UDHAYARAMAN R, MULAY S S.Multi-scale damage framework for textile composites: application to plain woven composite.European Journal of Mechanics - A, 2019, 77: 103809.
[85] ZHOU L C, CHEN M W, LIU C,et al. A multi-scale stochastic fracture model for characterizing the tensile behavior of 2D woven composites. Composite Structures, 2018, 204: 536.
[86] ZHANG H Y, LONG J, LI B,et al. Mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of three-dimensional stitched C/C-SiC ceramic matrix composites. Ceramics International, 2024, 50(24): 55487.
[87] KUMAR R S, MORDASKY M, OJARD G,et al. Notch-strength prediction of ceramic matrix composites using multi-scale continuum damage model. Materialia, 2019, 6: 100267.
[88] POMPIDOU S, LAMON J.Analysis of crack deviation in ceramic matrix composites and multilayers based on the Cook and Gordon mechanism.Composites Science and Technology, 2007, 67(10): 2052.
[89] CARRÈRE N, MARTIN E, LAMON J. The influence of the interphase and associated interfaces on the deflection of matrix cracks in ceramic matrix composites.Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2000, 31(11): 1179.
[90] FANG G W, LI L, GAO X G,et al. Finite element analysis of the crack deflection in fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites with multilayer interphase using virtual crack closure technique. Applied Composite Materials, 2020, 27(3): 307.
[91] BRAGINSKY M, PRZYBYLA C P.Simulation of crack propagation/deflection in ceramic matrix continuous fiber reinforced composites with weak interphasevia the extended finite element method. Composite Structures, 2016, 136: 538.
[92] DAGGUMATI S, SHARMA A, PYDI Y S.Micromechanical FE analysis of SiC_f/SiC composite with BN interface.Silicon, 2020, 12(2): 245.
[93] KUMAR R S, WELSH G S.Delamination failure in ceramic matrix composites: numerical predictions and experiments.Acta Materialia, 2012, 60(6/7): 2886.
[94] NEWAZ G M, BONORA N, KRISHNAPPA M.Computational analysis of mixed-mode delamination crack growth in a woven laminated ceramic-matrix composite.Composites Science and Technology, 1999, 59(15): 2287.
[95] DINH T D, REZAEI A, DAELEMANS L,et al. A hybrid micro-meso-scale unit cell model for homogenization of the nonlinear orthotropic material behavior of coated fabrics used in tensioned membrane structures. Composite Structures, 2017, 162: 271.
[96] SULLIVAN R M.A model for the oxidation of carbon silicon carbide composite structures.Carbon, 2005, 43(2): 275.
[97] LAMOUROUX F, NASLAIN R, JOUIN J M.Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 2D woven C/SiC composites: II, theoretical approach.Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1994, 77(8): 2058.
[98] ZHAO C W, TU Z C, MAO J K.Thermal-oxidation coupled analysis method for unidirectional fiber-reinforced C/SiC composites in air oxidizing environments below 1000 ℃.International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2023, 143: 106678.
[99] ZHAO C W, TU Z C, MAO J K.The dynamic thermophysical properties evolution and multi-scale heat transport mechanisms of 2.5D C/SiC composite under high-temperature air oxidation environment.Composites Part B: Engineering, 2023, 263: 110831.
[100] CHEN X H, SUN Z G, LI H Y,et al. Modeling the effect of oxidation on the residual tensile strength of SiC/C/SiC minicomposites in stressed oxidizing environments. Journal of Materials Science, 2020, 55(8): 3388.
[101] XU Y J, ZHANG W H.Numerical modelling of oxidized microstructure and degraded properties of 2D C/SiC composites in air oxidizing environments below 800 ℃.Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2011, 528(27): 7974.
[102] ZHAO Y N, CHEN Y F, HE C W,et al. A damage-induced short-circuit diffusion model applied to the oxidation calculation of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2019, 127: 105621.
[103] YANG C P, JIA F, WANG B,et al. Unified tensile model for unidirectional ceramic matrix composites with degraded fibers and interface. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2019, 39(2/3): 222.
[104] WANG Z W, FANG G D, JIN X Y,et al. Oxidation damage and residual mechanical properties analysis for C_f/ZrB₂-SiC composites in thermo-oxygen environment. Composite Structures, 2025, 370: 119358.
[105] HAMZA M H, SCHICHTEL J J, CHATTOPADHYAY A.Multiphysics model of thermomechanical oxidative degradation in SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite microstructures.Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2025, 45(10): 117335.
[106] CHOI H I, ZHU F Y, LIM H,et al. Multiscale stochastic computational homogenization of the thermomechanical properties of woven C_f/SiC_m composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2019, 177: 107375.
[107] LI M, CHEN X, DENG Y,et al. Multi-scale transient thermo-mechanical coupling analysis method for the SiC_f/SiC composite guide vane. Materials, 2025, 18(14): 3348.
[108] CANALE G, CITARELLA R.Oxidation driven damage on SiC/BN/SiC ceramic matrix composite aero-engine structures: an iterative computational framework.Materials, 2024, 17(12): 3034.