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无机材料学报

• 研究论文 •    

二氧化锰/生物炭复合光热材料的合成及其在太阳能界面水蒸发中的性能

凡胜强1,2, 周书豪1, 钱君超1, 马汝广1, 吴正颖1   

  1. 1.苏州科技大学 材料科学与工程学院,江苏省环境功能材料重点实验室,苏州 215009;
    2.苏州科技大学 化学与生命科学学院,苏州 215009
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-19 修回日期:2025-12-05
  • 通讯作者: 马汝广,教授. E-mail: ruguangma@usts.edu.cn;吴正颖,教授. E-mail：zywu@mail.usts.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:凡胜强 (1998-),男,硕士研究生. E-mail：fanshengqiang0127@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52172058); 江苏省水处理技术与材料协同创新中心项目(XTCXSZ2022-13); 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX24_1893)

Manganese dioxide/Biocarbon Composite Photothermal Material: Synthesis and Its Performance in Solar Interface Water Evaporation

FAN Shengqiang1,2, ZHOU Shuhao1, QIAN Junchao1, MA Ruguang1, WU Zhengying1   

  1. 1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environmental Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China;
    2. School of Chemistry and Life Science, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
  • Received:2025-09-19 Revised:2025-12-05
  • Contact: MA Ruguang, professor. E-mail: ruguangma@usts.edu.cn; WU Zhengying, professor. E-mail: zywu@usts.edu.cn
  • About author:FAN Shengqiang (1998-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: fanshengqiang0127@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (52172058); Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Treatment Technology and Materials Project (XTCXSZ2022-13); Jiangsu Provincial Graduate Student Research and Practice Innovation Plan Project (SJCX24_1893)

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摘要： 太阳能驱动的界面水蒸发技术作为一种高效、可持续产生清洁水的重要方法,是材料和环境领域的研究热点之一。然而,低成本、高转换效率的光热材料是制约该技术广泛应用的关键。本研究以山茶花花瓣衍生的生物炭(CC)为载体和结构导向剂,在生物炭上均匀生长二氧化锰 (HMO),合成了结晶度低且缺陷丰富的HMO/CC复合材料。该HMO/CC在250~2500 nm光谱范围内表现出94.2%的高光吸收率和优于单一HMO的光热转化能力。HMO/CC与混合纤维素滤膜(MCE)组装成的HMO/CC-MCE光热膜,呈现出极佳的亲水性以及光热转换性能,在1 kW·m-2太阳光照射下,蒸发速率达到1.505 kg·m-2·h-1,蒸发效率为92.5%,高于HMO (85.0%) 以及CC(82.6%),为无膜纯水的9.9倍。将HMO/CC与聚氨酯(PU)海绵相结合所构建的HMO/CC-PU三维蒸发器,在1 kW·m-2太阳光照射下,600 s内温度升高至68.3 ℃,蒸发速率高达2.274 kg·m-2·h-1。同时,该蒸发器在模拟海水中循环测试15次依旧保持2.271 kg·m-2·h-1的蒸发速率。本研究以生物质衍生物炭为模板构建复合材料,为新型光热材料的开发及其在海水淡化及废水处理领域的应用提供了有益参考。

关键词: 二氧化锰/生物炭, 光热材料, 太阳能驱动界面水蒸发, 海水淡化

Abstract: Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation technology, as an important approach for efficiently and sustainably generating clean water, is one of the hot research topics in the fields of materials and environment. However, low-cost, high-efficiency photothermal materials are essential for the widespread application of this technology, which currently remains a key challenge. In this study, manganese dioxide (HMO) was uniformly grown onto biocarbon, forming a manganese dioxide/biocarbon composite with low crystallinity and rich defects, by using camellia-derived biocarbon (CC) as the support and structure-directing agent. The resulting HMO/CC exhibits a high solar absorption efficiency of 94.2% in the 250-2500 nm range, as well as superior photothermal conversion capability to single-component HMO. The HMO/CC-MCE photothermal membrane assembled from this composite and mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter membrane displays excellent hydrophilicity and photothermal conversion capability, achieving an evaporation rate of 1.505 kg·m-2·h-1 and an evaporation efficiency of 92.5% under 1 kW·m-2 solar irradiation, which is better than those of HMO (85.0%) and CC (82.6%), and 9.9 times that of pure water without membrane. A three-dimensional HMO/CC-PU evaporator was then fabricated by integrating HMO/CC with polyurethane (PU) sponge, which can achieve a surface temperature of 68.3 °C within 600 s and an enhanced evaporation rate of 2.274 kg·m-2·h-1. Additionally, the device maintained stable evaporation rate of 2.271 kg·m-2·h-1 after 15 cycles in a model seawater. In this study, the approach using biomass-derived carbon as a template to construct composites, provides valuable reference for the development of novel photothermal materials and their applications in desalination and wastewater treatment.

Key words: MnO2/C, photothermal materials, solar-driven interface water evaporation, desalination

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