磁光透明陶瓷的研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20170160

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

磁光材料是指从紫外到红外波段具有磁光效应的光功能材料, 按照材料的类型可将其分为磁光玻璃、磁光晶体、磁光透明陶瓷等。其中, 磁光透明陶瓷是近年来出现的一种新型磁光介质材料, 具有高Verdet常数、大尺寸、高热导率、高激光损伤阈值等优点, 因而是用于高功率激光器中法拉第隔离器最理想的材料之一。目前已经报道的磁光透明陶瓷材料主要包括铽镓石榴石(Tb₃Ga₅O₁₂, TGG)陶瓷、铽铝石榴石(Tb₃Al₅O₁₂, TAG)陶瓷以及一些倍半氧化物陶瓷, 如氧化铽(Tb₂O₃)陶瓷、氧化钬(Ho₂O₃)陶瓷、氧化镝(Dy₂O₃)陶瓷等。本文首先介绍了几种常见的磁光效应, 详细阐述了法拉第效应和克尔效应的基本原理。着重对几种磁光透明陶瓷材料的研究进展、材料性能、应用前景进行了综述和介绍, 并对这几种磁光透明陶瓷的性能进行了比较和分析, 指出了它们存在的问题和今后的研究方向。

关键词: 磁光透明陶瓷, 法拉第隔离器, 研究进展, 展望, 综述

Abstract:

Magneto-optical material is a kind of optical functional material which has the magneto-optical effect from ultraviolet to infrared band. According to the type of material, magneto-optical materials can be classified into magneto-optical glass, magneto-optical crystals, magneto-optical transparent ceramics, etc. As a new type of magneto- optical material which has emerged in recent years, magneto-optical transparent ceramics are considered as one of the most promising candidates for Faraday isolators used in high power lasers due to its high Verdet constant, large size, high thermal conductivity, and high laser-induced-damage threshold. Up to now, the magneto-optical transparent ceramics reported mainly include terbium gallium garnet (Tb₃Ga₅O₁₂, TGG), terbium aluminum garnet (Tb₃Al₅O₁₂, TAG) and some sesquioxide ceramics such as terbium oxide (Tb₂O₃), holmium oxide (Ho₂O₃), dysprosium oxide (Dy₂O₃), etc. In this paper, several common magneto-optical effects were briefly introduced, and the basic principles of Faraday effect and Kerr effect were illustrated in detail. In addition, the research progress, all-sides properties and application prospects of magneto-optical transparent ceramics were mainly reviewed. The properties of different kinds of magneto-optical transparent ceramics were compared and analyzed, and the existing problems as well as the research prospects were also proposed.

Key words: magneto-optical transparent ceramics, Faraday isolator, research progress, prospect, review

中图分类号:

TQ174

李江, 戴佳卫, 潘裕柏. 磁光透明陶瓷的研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(1): 1-8.

LI Jiang, DAI Jia-Wei, PAN Yu-Bai. Research Progress on Magneto-optical Transparent Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(1): 1-8.

图/表 13

图1 法拉第效应示意图

Fig. 1 Diagram of Faraday effect

图2 克尔效应示意图

Fig. 2 Diagram of Kerr effect

图3 TGG单晶和TGG陶瓷的Verdet常数随温度的变化[33]

Fig. 3 Temperature dependence of Verdet constant of TGG single crystal and TGG ceramics[33]

图4 TGG单晶和陶瓷的透过率曲线[1]

Fig. 4 Transmission spectra of single crystal TGG and ceramic TGG samples[1]

表1 TGG陶瓷和TGG单晶样品的散射损耗[1]

Table 1 Optical scattering of ceramic and single crystal TGG samples[1]

Laser wavelength /nm	F.S.surface reflectivity	Crystal TGG 18 mm	Ceramic TGG 20 mm	Scattering ratio (Ceramic/Crystal)
632	3.45×10^-2	1.4×10^-3(1×10^-3 cm^-1)	4.8×10^-3(2.4×10^-3 cm^-1)	2.4
1064	3.36×10^-2	1×10^-3(5×10^-4 cm^-1)	1×10^-3(5×10^-4 cm^-1)	1.0

图5 退偏比随激光功率的变化[39]

Fig. 5 Experimental results of depolarization as a function of laser power Red and blue circles denote results for the TGG ceramic with and without a magnet field. Open squares denote the calculated result for the TGG[39]

图6 退偏比(蓝色方块)和法拉第旋转角(红色实心圆)随时间的变化[39]

Fig. 6 Time dependence of depolarization (blue squares) and Faraday rotation angle (red circles)[39]

图7 不同温度下烧结制备的TAG陶瓷的光学透过率[41]

Fig. 7 Optical transmittance of the mirror polished transparent ceramics sintered at different temperatures[41]^T1-1550℃; T2-1600℃; T3-1650℃; T4-1700℃

图8 TGG(×)、TAG(◆)及Ce:TAG(0.1at%)(▲)透明陶瓷样品的热致退偏随辐射功率的变化图[49]

Fig. 8 Power dependence of depolarization for TGG(×), TAG(◆), Ce:TAG(▲) [49]

图9 TGG(×)、TAG(◆)及Ce:TAG(0.1at%)(▲)透明陶瓷样品的热透镜光功率随辐射功率的变化图[49]

Fig. 9 Optical power of thermal lens versus rudiation power for TGG(×), TAG(◆), Ce:TAG(▲) [49]

表2 基于不同磁光介质的法拉第隔离器的参数比较[48]

Table 2 Ceramic-based FI characteristics[48]

Medium	Isolation ratio @laser power	Thermal lens @laser power	Water cooling
TGG crystal	30 dB@650 W	6.5 m@340 W	Optional
TGG ceramics	30 dB@340 W	6.5 m@340 W	Optional
TAG ceramics	38 dB@300 W	8 m@300 W	Necessary
Ce:TAG ceramics (0.1at%)	31 dB@300 W	3.8 m@300 W	Necessary

图10 Tb3+:Y2O3陶瓷的(a)实物照片和(b)透过率曲线[55]

Fig. 10 (a) Photograph and (b) transmission spectra of Tb3+:Y2O3 ceramics[55]

图11 (a)不同掺杂浓度的Tb3+:Y2O3陶瓷和TGG单晶在不同波长处的Verdet常数, (b)Tb2O3和TGG的Verdet常数之比[55]与波长的关系

Fig. 11 (a) Wavelength dependence of Verdet constant of Tb3+:Y2O3 for 10%, 20%, and 30% concentrations of Tb3+ ions, Tb2O3 ceramics, and TGG single crystal; (b) VTb2O3/VTGG ratio versus wavelength[55]

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