Zirconia Reinforced Trace Element Co-doped Hydroxyapatite Coating

doi:10.15541/jim20190053

Abstract

Abstract:

Zirconia is a kind of prospective hard tissue implant materials, which possesses superior mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibilities. To promote the stable osseointegration between Zirconia implants and tissue, zirconia-toughened trace Sr-, Si- and F- co-doped hydroxyapatite (ZrO₂-DHA) was coated by plasma spraying on zirconia. The phase composition and structure of coatings were characterized, and the mechanical properties and in vitro biological properties were investigated. The results show that co-doping of trace Sr, Si and F enhances the biological properties of coatings on adhesion and differentiation of osteoblasts through the signal transduction pathway of osteogenic differentiation. All of ZrO₂-DHA coatings promote the cell viability and gene expression in osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1. On the 7th day of cell culture, the relative expression levels of Alp and Col-I in the ZrO₂-DHA coating containing 70% DHA (7DHA) were about 2.8 times and 2.3 times higher than those in the ZrO₂ substrate group, respectively. Mechanical properties of ZrO₂-DHA coatings are improved with the increment of zirconia ratio. Hardness of DHA coating and 7DHA coating are 250.8 and 313.8HV respectively and their bond strength are 25.1 and 31.8 MPa, respectively. 7DHA coatings with network structure possess both excellent mechanical and biological performance for the implant coating application.

Key words: Sr/Si/F trace-doped hydroxyapatite, plasma spraying, zirconia reinforcing, mechanical property, osteogenesis

CLC Number:

TQ174

DAI Zhao,WANG Ming,WANG Shuang,LI Jing,CHEN Xiang,WANG Da-Lin,ZHU Ying-Chun. Zirconia Reinforced Trace Element Co-doped Hydroxyapatite Coating[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(2): 179-186.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 Plasma spraying parameters

Parameter	HA/DHA coating	ZrO₂-DHA coatings
Primary gas flow rate/(L?min^-1)	Ar/40-41	Ar/40-42
Auxiliary gas flow rate/(L?min^-1)	H₂/6-7	H₂/8-9
Carrier gas flow rate/(L?min^-1)	Ar/6-6.5	Ar/6-6.5
Powder feed rate/(g?min^-1)	18	20
Current/A	650	570
Gun transverse speed/(mm?s^-1)	500	500
Standoff distance/mm	100	100

Table 2 Sequence of primers

Gene	Sequence
Alp	F: 5-AACGTGGCCAAGAACATCATCA-3 R: 5-TGTCCATCTCCAGCCGTGTC-3
Col-I	F: 5-CCAGAAGAACTGGTACATCAGCAA-3 R: 5-CGCCATACTCGAACTGGAATC-3
Gapdh	F: 5-GGCATTGCTCTCAATGACAA-3 R: 5-TGTGAGGGAGATGCTCAGTG-3

Fig. 1 SEM images of ZrO2 substrate (a) and as-sprayed DHA coating (b)

Fig. 2 SEM images (a) and elemental mapping of Ca (green) (b) and Zr (blue) (c) of 7DHA coating, and SEM images of surface (d-f) and cross sections (g-i) of DHA (d, g), 7DHA (e, h) and 3DHA (f, i)

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of HA and DHA powders with inset showing the enlarged parts (a), FT-IR spectra of HA and DHA powders (b), and XRD patterns of 7DHA, 5DHA and 3DHA coatings (c) with enlarged pattern of 7DHA coating (d)

Fig. 4 Microhardness and bond strength of coatings (a), and the section image of stretching test (b)

Fig. 5 OD values of cell viability test (*p<0.05)

Fig. 6 Fluorescence images (a-f) and cell numbers of cell adhesion test (g) (*p<0.05)

Fig. 7 Optical images of MC3T3-E1 cell Alizarin red S staining (a-f) and comparison of ALP activity (g) (*p<0.05)

Fig. 8 Osteogenesis-related genes expression with culture time (a) Alp expression; (b) Col-I expression (*p<0.05)

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