Raw-material Pre-milling on Physical Property of BaTiO3 Piezoelectric Ceramics

doi:10.15541/jim20160489

Abstract

Abstract:

BaCO₃ powder usually consists of large rod-shaped particles, which can not be easily broken up into fine ones when ball-milled together with TiO₂ powder. This may lead to chemical compositional non-uniformity and large particle sizes of the subsequently synthesized BaTiO₃ powder through the calcination and the secondary ball-milling procedure, and may eventually affect the microstructure and the piezoelectric properties of resultant BaTiO₃ ceramics. Effects of the pre-milling treatment of BaCO₃powder on physical properties of the resultant BaTiO₃ ceramics prepared by conventional solid-state reaction were investigated. The results show that an additional ball-milling treatment of BaCO₃ powder before being mixed with TiO₂ powder can remarkably reduce the size of the rod-like particles, which is an effective way to get good-quality BaTiO₃fine powder. In such a way, a series of small-grained dense BaTiO₃ ceramics are fabricated with significantly high piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃. The BaTiO₃ceramics were prepared with the BaCO₃ powders ball-milled for different time before mixing with raw TiO₂ powder. Physical properties of the resultant BaTiO₃ceramics, including piezoelectric properties, dielectric properties, ferroelectric properties, and microstructure were investigated. A much enhanced d₃₃value of 470 pC/N was achieved for the BaTiO₃ ceramics prepared with the BaCO₃ powders ball-milled for 8 h, in comparison to the maximum value of 410 pC/N for those BaTiO₃ ceramics prepared with un-ball-milled BaCO₃ powders.

Key words: BaTiO₃, piezoelectric ceramics, pre-milling of raw material, microstructure

CLC Number:

TQ174

SUN Dan-Dan, ZHANG Jia-Liang, WU Yan-Qing, ZHANG Zhong-Qiu, LIU Da-Kang. Raw-material Pre-milling on Physical Property of BaTiO₃ Piezoelectric Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(6): 615-620.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 SEM images of BaCO3 powders(a) Raw material of BaCO3 powders; (b)-(e) Ball-milling BaCO3 powders for 4, 6, 8, and 10 h, respectively

Fig. 2 SEM images of BaTiO3 ceramic powders(a) Prepared with untreated BaCO3 powders; (b)-(e) Prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for 4, 6, 8, and 10 h, respectively

Table 1 Physical properties of BaTiO3 ceramics prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for different time

Premilling time/h	Sinter. temp. /℃	ρ/%	g/μm	d₃₃/(pC·N^-1)	ε’ at 1 kHz	tanδ/%	T_O-T/℃	T_C/℃
0	1210	95.6	3.4	370	3212	3.1	-	-
0	1220	97.8	3.5	410	3370	3.1	27.8	121.8
4	1230	96.5	1.3	450	3547	3.1	25.6	121.5
6	1230	96.9	1.9	440	3350	2.9	27.2	122.6
8	1230	96.1	1.4	470	4133	2.9	28.2	120.6
10	1230	95.7	1.4	465	3560	3.1	25.8	122.1

Fig. 3 Temperature dependence of dielectric permittivity for the various BaTiO3 ceramic prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for different time

Fig. 4 SEM images of microstructure for various BaTiO3 ceramics prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for different time(a) Prepared with untreated BaCO3 powder; (b)-(e) Prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for 4, 6, 8, and 10 h, respectively

Fig. 5 XRD patterns of the various BaTiO3 ceramic powders prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for different time

Fig. 6 Curves of P-E loops for the various BaTiO3 ceramics measured at room temperature

Fig. 7 Variations of Pr and Ec of BaTiO3 ceramics obtained with different ball-milling time of BaCO3 powders

References 13

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Raw-material Pre-milling on Physical Property of BaTiO₃ Piezoelectric Ceramics

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