MXene Based Zinc Ion Batteries: Recent Development and Prospects

doi:10.15541/jim20230503

Abstract

Abstract:

Rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have captured significant attention as promising solutions for large-scale energy storage. They offer advantages such as low cost, inherent safety, high specific energy, and eco-friendliness. Though numerous breakthroughs have been achieved in the development of cathodes, anodes and electrolytes, ZIBs are still far behind for practical application due to the lack of advanced materials. In the realm of ZIBs, two-dimensional (2D) MXenes have emerged as a fascinating candidate, leveraging their exceptional properties such as high richness, customizability, and unique physiochemical attributes. This review aims to provide a concise overview of advancements in MXene application for ZIBs, encompassing multiple synthesis routes, properties, morphological and structural characteristics, as well as various chemistries employed. Furthermore, detailed elucidation is provided on the recent progress in MXene-based cathodes, anodes, and electrolytes/separators for ZIBs, indicating the great potential of MXenes for achieving high-performance ZIBs. Strategies to enhance the performance of MXene-based ZIBs are also highlighted, including ion-intercalation adjustment, surface modification, heteroatoms doping, and layer spacing widening. Lastly, the review discusses the current challenges and future prospects for MXene-based ZIBs, paving the way for further research and development in this exciting field.

Key words: MXene, zinc ion battery, energy storage device, aqueous battery, quasi solid battery, perspective

CLC Number:

TM911

CHEN Ze, ZHI Chunyi. MXene Based Zinc Ion Batteries: Recent Development and Prospects[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(2): 204-214.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 Schematic illustration of preparing MXene (a) Process of chemical etching[22]; (b) Molten salt method for TiN-based MXene preparation[29]; (c) CuCl2 Lewis molten salt for MXene preparation[32]

Table 1 Summary of the typical cathodes and anodes materials in ZIBs

	Material	Capacity/(mAh·g^-1)	Voltage/V(vs. Zn²⁺/Zn)	Capacity retention	Ref.
Cathode	MnO₂	258	1.3	94%(2000 cycles)	[48]
	V₂O₅	470	0.75	91%(4000 cycles)	[49]
	ZnHCF	65	1.75	81%(100 cycles)	[50]
	I₂	174	1.15	90%(3000 cycles)	[51]
	S	1105	0.5	85%(50 cycles)	[52]
	Se	611	1.2	80%(1000 cycles)	[53]
	Te	420	0.6	82%(500 cycles)	[13]
Anode	TiS₂	140	0.3	74%(100 cycles)	[54]
	Zn₂Mo₆S₈	62.3	0.35	81%(10 cycles)	[55]
	Cu_2-_xSe	230	0.45	96%(20000 cycles)	[56]

Fig. 2 Application of MXene-based cathodes for ZIBs (a) Schematic picture of the composite of MXene/H2V3O8 and the corresponding (b) rate performance and (c) charging/discharging curves[58]; (d) Preparative mechanism of I2 cathode with Nb2CTx as host; (e, f) CV curves, (g) corresponding capacity contribution and (h) charging/discharging curves of V2CTx[61]; (i) Surface oxidation of V2CTx based on the electrochemical activation[63]

Fig. 3 Application of MXene-based anodes for ZIBs (a) Schematic illustration of the composite of MXene/chitosan for smooth Zn deposition[72]; (b) Schematic picture of the preparation of MXene/Zn paper and (c) corresponding Coulombic efficiency of Zn deposition/dissolution[74]; (d) Schematic and (e, f) SEM images of MXene@Zn powder; (g) Nucleation and cycling performance of Zn deposition/dissolution based on the MXene@Zn powder anode; (i) Cycling performance and (j) charging/discharging curves of full cell[75]

Fig. 4 Application of MXene-based electrolytes for ZIBs (a) Schematic illustration of the MXene additive for smooth Zn deposition, (b) corresponding formed morphology after electrodeposition, and (c) cycling performance of Zn//Zn symmetry battery[78]; (d) Schematic illustration of preparing MXene incorporated solid polymer electrolytes, (e) cycling performance of Zn//Zn symmetry battery at high temperature and (f) thermal conductivity of various solid polymer electrolyte membranes[79]

Fig. 5 Strategies for improving performance of MXene incorporated ZIBs (a) Preparative shematic, (b) corresponding SEM image with elemental mappings and (c) rate performance of Mn2+ pre-intercalated V2CTx MXene [88]; (d) Schematic picture of the preparation of S-Ti3C2Tx/PANI[95]; (e) Preparation process, and (f) XRD pattern, (g, h) SEM images, and (i) merits of diamine-intercalated MXene[110]

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