Optimization of Interfacial Engineering of Perovskite Solar Cells

doi:10.15541/jim20230169

Abstract

Abstract:

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted global attention as one of the most promising photovoltaic materials due to their high efficiency, low energy consumption and low cost. However, non-radiative recombination caused by interface defects severely inhibits the performance of PSCs. To solve this critical issue, the particle size of nickel oxide (NiO_x) hole transport layer was reduced to improve the particle size uniformity and achieve efficient hole transport. Furthermore, the antisolvent acting time of the perovskite film was optimized to reduce the interfacial non-radiative recombination and interfacial defect. As a result, the crystalline quality is improved and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the perovskite solar cells increase from 10.11% to 18.37%. Kelvin probe atomic force microscopy (KPFM) study shows that the contact potential difference (CPD) of the optimized perovskite film in the illumination condition increases by 120.39 mV compared with that under the dark condition. Analysis by piezoelectric atomic force microscopy (PFM) reveals that the ferroelectric polarization of the optimized interfacial perovskite films hardly changes from illumination to dark states, indicating that reducing interfacial defects can decrease the hysteresis effect of the PSCs. It is concluded that optimizing the NiO_x hole transport layer and improving the quality of perovskite film can reduce the interface defects, the non-radiative recombination and the hysteresis effect, and improve PCE of perovskite solar cells.

Key words: perovskite solar cell, atomic force microscopy, contact potential difference, ferroelectric polarization

CLC Number:

O649

WANG Ye, JIAO Yinan, GUO Junxia, LIU Huan, LI Rui, SHANG Zixuan, ZHANG Shidong, WANG Yonghao, GENG Haichuan, HOU Denglu, ZHAO Jinjin. Optimization of Interfacial Engineering of Perovskite Solar Cells[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2023, 38(11): 1323-1330.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 (a) J-V curves of PSCs and (b-d) SEM morphologies for NiOx-3, NiOx-4 and NiOx-5 “F” and “R” refer to forward scanning and reverse scanning, respectively

Fig. 2 (a) J-V curves of PSCs and (b-d) SEM morphologies for PTF-5, PTF-15 and PTF-25

Fig. 3 Crystal structure and absorbance characterization of perovskite film (a)XRD pattern of MAPbI3 film; (b) UV-Vis absorption spectrum and Tauc plot of MAPbI3 film

Fig. 4 Morphologies and contact potential difference of PTF-15 MAPbI3 films under illumination and dark conditions. (a, b) Morphologies of MAPbI3 film under (a) illumination and (b) dark conditions; (c) Height distributions of MAPbI3 morphology under illumination and dark conditions; (d, e) CPD maps of MAPbI3 morphologies under (d) illumination and (e) dark; (f) Potential statistical diagram of CPD. Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. 5 In-situ characterization of the out-of-plane and in-plane ferroelectric polarization of PTF-15 MAPbI3 films under illumination and dark conditions (a, b) Morphologies of MAPbI3 film under (a) illumination and (b) dark conditions; (c) Height distributions of MAPbI3 morphologies under illumination and dark conditions; (d, e) Out-of-plane ferroelectric polarization images under (d) illumination and (e) dark conditions; (f) Out-of-plane ferroelectric polarization distributions of the topography under illumination and dark conditions; (g, h) In-plane ferroelectric polarization images under (g) illumination and (h) dark conditions; (i) In-plane ferroelectric polarization distributions of MAPbI3 film under illumination and dark conditions. Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. S1 J-V curve of NiOx-2 PSCs

Fig. S2 Box plots of PCE of perovskite solar cells before and after optimization

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