Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells by PbTiO3 Modification and Polarization Treatment

doi:10.15541/jim20240132

Abstract

Abstract:

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) have attracted significant interest for their advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE), long-term stability and low cost, showing superiority in commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the promoting effect of PbTiO₃ modification and polarization treatment on C-PSCs photovoltaic performance by in-situ generation of PbTiO₃ on a dense electron transport layer of TiO₂ (c-TiO₂) is still unknow.. It was found that the PbTiO₃ formed after reaction for 30 s could effectively restrict the sharp increase in resistance of the electron transport layer, and substantially reduced the carrier accumulation at the interface to 29.7%, greatly improving the carrier separation ability. In addition, the carrier accumulation was further reduced to 6.78% through polarizing the c-TiO₂/PbTiO₃ layer, so that PSCs displayed 0.93 V of open circuit voltage (V_oc), 14.83 mA/cm² of short circuit current density (J_sc), 51.16% of fill factor (FF), and 7.11% of PCE. This work comprehensively reports the methods of PbTiO₃ modification and polarization treatment, proposes a research strategy to improve the performance of C-PSCs, reveals the intrinsic mechanism for optimizing carrier transport performance, and provides a way for developing high-efficiency, low-cost and long-life commercial PSCs.

Key words: perovskite solar cell, electron transport layer, ferroelectric modification, polarization treatment

CLC Number:

TN336

LI Qianyuan, LI Jiwei, ZHANG Yuhan, LIU Yankang, MENG Yang, CHU Yu, ZHU Yijia, XU Nuoyan, ZHU Liang, ZHANG Chuanxiang, TAO Haijun. Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells by PbTiO₃ Modification and Polarization Treatment[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(11): 1205-1211.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 Preparative diagram of c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layer

Fig. 2 (a) SEM image and (b-d) EDS elemental mappings of c-TiO2/PbTiO3 surface

Fig. 3 XPS spectra of c-TiO2 and c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layer (a) Full; (b) Pb4f; (c) Ti2p; (d) O1s

Fig. 4 (a) UV-visible transmittance spectra and (b) I-V curves under dark state of c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layers with different reaction time Colorful figures are available on website

Table 1 Conductivities of c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layers with different reaction time

Reaction time/s	R/Ω	ρ/(Ω·cm)	σ/(mS·cm^-1)
0	22.61	5.65×10⁵	1.77×10^-3
10	23.64	5.91×10⁵	1.69×10^-3
30	24.89	6.22×10⁵	1.61×10^-3
120	28.98	7.24×10⁵	1.38×10^-3
300	55.20	13.79×10⁵	7.25×10^-4

Fig. 5 J-V curves of PSCs prepared by c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layers with different reaction time

Table 2 Photovoltaic parameters of PSCs prepared by c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layers with different reaction time

Reaction time/s	V_oc/V	J_sc/(mA·cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%
0	0.88	13.84	51.51	6.26
10	0.88	13.92	51.55	6.31
30	0.89	14.12	51.77	6.49
120	0.93	11.99	52.56	5.88
300	0.94	9.81	42.00	3.85

Fig. 6 J-V curves of PSCs prepared by c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layers after polarization with different voltages

Table 3 Photovoltaic parameters of PSCs prepared by c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layers after polarization with different voltages

Polarization voltage/V	V_oc/V	J_sc/(mA·cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%
0	0.88	14.12	51.18	6.41
20	0.89	14.39	51.25	6.53
40	0.93	14.83	51.16	7.11
50	0.93	14.95	51.35	7.11
60	0.93	15.00	51.20	7.12

Fig. 7 Mott-Schottky curves of c-TiO2 and c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layers (a) Primitive state; (b) ±40 V polarization treatment; (c) ±60 V polarization treatment; (d) Carrier concentrations

Fig. 8 (a) Nyquist plots, (b) composite impedance plots at different bias voltages, (c) voltage attenuation curves, (d) dark current curves, (e) capacitance-frequency curves, and (f) photocurrent output curves of c-TiO2, c-TiO2/PbTiO3 and polarization-treated c-TiO2/PbTiO3 layers

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Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells by PbTiO₃ Modification and Polarization Treatment

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