累托石/聚合物纳米复合材料的新进展

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2012.00113

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

累托石是我国湖北省盛产的铝硅酸盐矿物, 其与蒙脱土极为相似, 但又具有它独特的结构特点, 近年来广泛用于聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备. 本文介绍了累托石的结构特性、表面修饰和累托石/聚合物纳米复合材料的结构及制备方法, 总结了累托石/壳聚糖基纳米复合材料及其作为抗菌剂、吸附剂、药物控释材料和基因载体等功能化应用方面的最新研究成果, 并提出了累托石/聚合物纳米复合材料未来的研究方向.

关键词: 累托石, 聚合物, 壳聚糖, 纳米复合材料, 综述

Abstract:

Rectorite is a kind of layered silicate originated from Hubei province; it has unique structure characteristic albeit with the structure and characteristic much like those of montmorillonite. Rectorite is a regularly interstratified clay mineral with alternate pairs of dioctahedral mica-like layer (nonexpansible) and dioctahedral montmorillonite-like layer (expansible) in 1:1 ratio. In recent years, rectorite has been widely used in the preparation of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposite. This paper introduced the structure and surface modification of rectorite and the structure and preparation method of rectorite/polymer nanocomposite. In particular, the new results of chitosan- based rectorite nanocomposite were summarized. The researchers prepared a series of chitosan-based rectorite nanocomposites via simple solution intercalation, although the rectorite content in these studies was higher than that of other reports, rectorite still dispersed well in the chitosan matrix, there were hydrogen-bonding and electrostatic interactions between rectorite and chitosan. Moreover, the researchers studied antimicrobial activity and mechanism, adsorption capacity, drug-controlled release behavior, gene transfection capacity and structure-property relationship of chitosan-based rectorite nanocomposites. In addition, the films, microsphere and nanoparticles of chitosan-based rectorite nanocomposites were prepared and their properties such as mechanical property, barrier ability, antiultraviolet capacity, thermal stability were studied. At last, the future research of rectorite/polymer nanocomposite was expected.

Key words: rectorite, polymer, chitosan, nanocomposite, review

中图分类号:

王小英, 刘博, 汤玉峰, 苏韩杰, 韩洋, 孙润仓. 累托石/聚合物纳米复合材料的新进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2012, 27(2): 113-121.

WANG Xiao-Ying, LIU Bo, TANG Yu-Feng, SU Han-Jie, HAN Yang, SUN Run-Cang. New Progress on Rectorite/Polymer Nanocomposites[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2012, 27(2): 113-121.

图/表 7

图1 累托石的层状结构

Fig. 1 Layered structure of rectorite

图2 表面活性剂插层进入累托石的示意图

Fig. 2 Illustration of surfactant intercalation into layered silicate

图3 激光烧结技术工艺原理图[32]

Fig. 3 Scheme of the selective laser sintering process[32]

图4 溶液插层法示意图

Fig. 4 Solution intercalation method

图5 累托石/壳聚糖基纳米复合材料的插层示意图[46]

Fig. 5 Intercalation scheme of chitosan-based rectorite nanocomposite[46]

图6 有机累托石/壳聚糖季铵盐纳米复合材料的抗菌机理[3]

Fig. 6 Antibacterial scheme of organic rectorite/HTCC nanocomposite[3]

图7 转染120 h后的激光共聚焦图像[7]

Fig. 7 Confocal laser scanning microscopy visualization after 120 h transfection[7]

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