静电纺丝法制备Si/C复合负极材料及其性能表征

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2014.13256

无机材料学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 197-202.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1077.2014.13256 CSTR: 32189.14.SP.J.1077.2014.13256

静电纺丝法制备Si/C复合负极材料及其性能表征

屈超群¹, 王玉慧², 姜涛², 别晓非²

(1. 吉林师范大学功能材料物理与化学教育部重点实验室, 四平136000; 2. 吉林大学物理学院, 新型电池物理与技术教育部重点实验室, 长春130012)

收稿日期:2013-05-02 修回日期:2013-06-14 出版日期:2014-02-20 网络出版日期:2014-01-17
基金资助:
吉林大学博士研究生交叉学科科研资助计划(2011J015)

Synthesis and Characterization of Si/C Composite Anode by Electrostatic Spinning Method

QU Chao-Qun¹, WANG Yu-Hui², JIANG Tao², BIE Xiao-Fei²

(1. Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Batteries Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China)

Received:2013-05-02 Revised:2013-06-14 Published:2014-02-20 Online:2014-01-17
Supported by:
PhD. Candidates Interdiscipline Research Project of Jilin University (2011J015)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为高分子聚合物配体, 采用静电纺丝法制备了Si/C复合负极材料。利用PVP高温烧结形成的碳作为体积缓冲骨架, 有效地解决了硅在循环过程中的体积膨胀和粉化问题。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合材料的晶体结构及微观形貌进行了研究。结果表明, 材料整体呈纤维状分布, 纤维直径300 ~ 400 nm, Si粒子以“麦穗状”均匀地分布在由无定形碳构成的纤维上。电化学测试结果表明, 复合材料首次充放电的不可逆容量为294.9 mAh/g, 是由于电极与电解液界面间固态电解质(SEI)膜的形成所致。另外, 复合材料在低倍率(0.1C、0.2C和0.5C)和高倍率(1.0C和2.0C)下均具有较高的库伦效率及较好的循环稳定性。

关键词: 锂离子电池, Si/C复合负极, 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维

Abstract: Si/C composite anode material was successfully fabricated by an electrospinning method using PVP as macromolecule polymer collocation. The carbon derived from sintering PVP at high temperature plays a role in buffering size skeleton of silicon, which can effectively improve the volume expansion and pulverization problem of silicon at charge-discharge. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum (Raman) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the distribution of composite material is fibrous with diameter in the range of 300–400 nm. A “wheat like” structure is formed by Si particles distributed on the amorphous carbon fibers. The electrochemical test demonstrates that the irreversible capacity at first charge-discharge process is 294.9 mAh/g, which is due to the formation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film between the electrode and electrolyte. In addition, this composite material has very high columbic efficiency and excellent cycle stability, both at a low (0.1C, 0.2C and 0.5C) and high (1.0C and 2.0C) rates.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, Si/C composite anode, electrostatic spinning, nanofibers

中图分类号:

TM912

屈超群, 王玉慧, 姜涛, 别晓非. 静电纺丝法制备Si/C复合负极材料及其性能表征[J]. 无机材料学报, 2014, 29(2): 197-202.

QU Chao-Qun, WANG Yu-Hui, JIANG Tao, BIE Xiao-Fei. Synthesis and Characterization of Si/C Composite Anode by Electrostatic Spinning Method[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2014, 29(2): 197-202.

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静电纺丝法制备Si/C复合负极材料及其性能表征

Synthesis and Characterization of Si/C Composite Anode by Electrostatic Spinning Method

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