基于应力场的锂离子电池正极多尺度失效研究

doi:10.15541/jim20210777

无机材料学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 918-924.DOI: 10.15541/jim20210777

所属专题：【虚拟专辑】计算材料

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

基于应力场的锂离子电池正极多尺度失效研究

陈莹¹(), 栾伟玲¹(), 陈浩峰¹^,²(), 朱轩辰²

1.华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院, 石化行业动力电池系统与安全重点实验室, 教育部承压系统与安全重点实验室,上海 200237
2.思克莱德大学机械与航空工程系, 格拉斯哥 G11XJ

收稿日期:2021-12-20 修回日期:2022-02-08 出版日期:2022-08-20 网络出版日期:2022-02-16
通讯作者: 栾伟玲, 教授. E-mail: luan@ecust.edu.cn;
陈浩峰, 教授. E-mail: haofeng.chen@ecust.edu.cn
作者简介:陈莹(1996-), 女, 博士. E-mail: yingchen96@ecust.edu.cn
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JKG01211523);111引智计划(B13020);国家自然科学基金(52150710540)

Multi-scale Failure Behavior of Cathode in Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Stress Field

CHEN Ying¹(), LUAN Weiling¹(), CHEN Haofeng¹^,²(), ZHU Xuanchen²

1. Key Laboratory of Power Battery Systems and Safety (CPCIF), Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety (MOE), School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
2. Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G11XJ, UK

Received:2021-12-20 Revised:2022-02-08 Published:2022-08-20 Online:2022-02-16
Contact: LUAN Weiling, professor. E-mail: luan@ecust.edu.cn;
CHEN Haofeng, professor. E-mail: haofeng.chen@ecust.edu.cn
About author:CHEN Ying (1996-), female, PhD. E-mail: yingchen96@ecust.edu.cn
Supported by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JKG01211523);Higher Education Discipline Innovation Project (111 Project)(B13020);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52150710540)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电池已广泛应用于动力和储能领域, 电池寿命是影响其进一步发展的关键因素。循环充放电过程中的电化学-力学多场耦合作用会导致正极材料发生机械损伤累积, 降低电极材料的结构稳定性并形成多尺度损伤, 从而缩短电池循环充放电寿命。本文通过总结团队在三元正极材料多尺度失效行为方面的研究成果, 系统介绍了不同尺度下实验与模拟相结合的电极材料损伤分析方法, 旨在为不同尺度下选取损伤分析方法提供参考。基于电化学循环实验表征、扩展有限元分析法(XFEM)、线性匹配法(LMM)等研究手段, 深入分析了电极材料在多尺度下的力学损伤机理。研究工作为电极材料的多尺度失效行为分析及结构改性提供了重要指导。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 正极, 应力场, 多尺度失效, 寿命衰减

Abstract:

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used as energy storage and dynamic power, while the capacity life of battery is one of the key factors affecting its further application. The electrochemical-mechanical multi-field coupling effect of the lithium-ion batteries during the cyclic charging and discharging process cause the damage accumulation for the electrode materials, thereby deteriorates the mechanical stability of the electrode materials, leading to multi-scale damage to the electrode materials, ultimately declining the battery life. In this study, the multi-scale failure behavior of LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO₂(NCM) cathode materials were summarized through our previous research, and the experimental and simulation analysis method for studying the damage of electrode material are introduced systematically, to provide reference for selecting damage analysis methods at different scales. In addition, the failure mechanisms of NCM cathode materials at the scale of active particles and electrode coating were studied in-depth based on combination of experimental and simulated analysis, including electrochemical experimental of lithium-ion batteries, extended finite element method (XFEM), linear matching method (LMM) framework. The research work provides important guidance for the mechanism analysis of multi-scale failure behavior and microstructure modification of electrode materials.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, cathode, stress field, multi-scale failure, life degradation

中图分类号:

TM911

陈莹, 栾伟玲, 陈浩峰, 朱轩辰. 基于应力场的锂离子电池正极多尺度失效研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(8): 918-924.

CHEN Ying, LUAN Weiling, CHEN Haofeng, ZHU Xuanchen. Multi-scale Failure Behavior of Cathode in Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Stress Field[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(8): 918-924.

图/表 8

图1 NCM523循环后发生多尺度损伤

Fig. 1 Multi-scale damage of NCM523 after electrochemical cycles (a) In-particle cracks; (b) Particle breakage; (c) Large cracks in electrode material; (d) Delamination between active material and current

图2 活性颗粒脱嵌锂示意图

Fig. 2 Schematic illustration of active particle during the lithiation/ delithiation process

图3 直径为3 μm颗粒在电流密度0.37 A/m2下裂纹萌生扩展过程[17]

Fig. 3 Crack initiation and propagation of active particle of diameter of 3 μm under the current density of 0.37 A/m2[17] (a) Lithiation process; (b) Delithiation process. The variable STATUSXFEM presents the status of element, and it varies 0 (non-damage status) or 1 (completely cracked)

图4 NCM颗粒断裂准则图[17]

Fig. 4 Integrated fracture criteria diagram for NCM particles[17]

图5 电化学循环后NCM横截面的SEM照片

Fig. 5 SEM images of NCM cathode after cyclic charging- discharging test Different magnification SEM images showing the cracks in the big or small paticles

图6 (a)电极在嵌锂/脱锂过程的示意图(NCM活性层涂覆在Al集流体上),(b)边界条件和在锂化阶段对电极施加的负载[20]

Fig. 6 (a) Schematic illustration of electrode during the lithiation/ delithiation process, whereby NCM active layer being coated on the Al current collector, and (b) boundary condition and the load applied to electrode during the lithiation stage[20]

图7 NCM厚度为10、20、30 μm的安定棘轮边界[20]

Fig. 7 Shakedown and ratcheting limit curves of NCM material with varying thickness of 10, 20 and 30 µm[20]

图8 (a)厚度为20 μm的NCM活性层在载荷点(1,1)下的塑性应变范围和棘轮应变云图,(b)充放电循环实验前(左)和实验后(右)NCM正极照片[20]

Fig. 8 (a) Contour map of plastic strain range and ratcheting strain of NCM active layer of 20 µm thickness for load point (1,1) and (b) picture of NCM cathode before (left) and after (right) cyclic charging-discharging test[20]

参考文献 21

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基于应力场的锂离子电池正极多尺度失效研究

Multi-scale Failure Behavior of Cathode in Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Stress Field

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