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非铜基催化剂电催化还原CO2合成多碳产物的研究进展

王寅1, 李扬1, 贺成功1, 高健2, 包永春1   

  1. 1.内蒙古民族大学 化学与材料学院, 内蒙古自治区固体化学与电池重点实验室, 锂硫电池储能内蒙古自治区工程研究中心, 通辽 028000;
    2.呼伦贝尔第二人民医院, 呼伦贝尔 021000
  • 收稿日期:2026-07-14 修回日期:2026-09-29
  • 作者简介:王 寅(1989-), 男, 博士, 副教授. E-mail: ywang@imun.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区重点实验室建设项目(SYS25003); 内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才项目(NJYT24023); 内蒙古民族大学绿色光电催化功能分子转化团队

Research Progress on Non-Copper-based Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction to C2+ Products

WANG Yin1, LI Yang1, HE Chenggong1, GAO Jian2, BAO Yongchun1   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Centre of Lithium-Sulfur Battery Energy Storage, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry for Battery, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China;
    2. Hulunbuir Second Peoples Hospital, Hulunbuir 021000, China
  • Received:2026-07-14 Revised:2026-09-29
  • About author:WANG Yin (1989-), male, doctor, associate professor. E-mail: ywang@imun.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory Innovation Platform Construction Project (SYS25003), Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (NJYT24023); Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Inner Mongolia Minzu University

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摘要： 电催化二氧化碳还原反应(CO2RR)能将CO2温室气体转化为高附加值的多碳(C2+)产物, 为实现碳中和与可再生能源的储存利用提供了有效途径。目前, 电催化CO2还原合成C2+产物的催化剂主要为含铜材料, 但其存在稳定性不足、单一产物选择性低等限制。近年来, 非铜基电催化剂合成C2+的研究被广泛关注。本文系统梳理了非铜基催化剂电催化CO2RR合成C2+产物的研究进展, 深入分析了非金属、贵金属、d区非铜金属和p区金属化合物等在催化剂设计、局域结构优化与增强CO2活化、促进C-C偶联和提升催化稳定性间的构效关系, 揭示了不同元素组成与局域配位环境对反应路径和C2+产物选择性的调控规律。目前已报道的非铜基催化剂仍存在大电流密度下催化中心结构演变、催化失活和催化机制不明等问题, 且缺乏工业级电解体系的系统研究。最后, 针对未来先进催化材料高通量筛选、高性能催化体系设计构建、催化过程监控与机制研究, 以及稳定大电流电解器件的工业级应用等未来研究方向进行了展望, 以期为非铜基C2+电催化剂的理性设计与工业化应用提供参考。

关键词: 电催化, 二氧化碳还原反应, 非铜基催化剂, C2+产物, 综述

Abstract: Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) can convert the greenhouse gas CO2 into high valued multi-carbon (C2+) products, providing an effective pathway to achieve carbon neutrality and renewable energy storage. Currently, copper-containing materials are the dominant catalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 conversion to C2+ products. However, the insufficient stability and low single-product selectivity seriously hinder their large-scale application. In recent years, non-copper electrocatalysts have attracted extensive attention for C2+ electrosynthesis. This review systematically summarizes the progress on non-copper-based catalysts in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to C2+ products, and thoroughly analyzes the structure-performance relationships among non-metallic, precious metal, d-block non-copper metal, and p-block metal compounds, particularly in catalyst design, local structural optimization, enhanced CO2 activation, promoted C-C coupling, and improved stability, revealing the regulatory roles of elemental composition and local coordination environment in steering reaction pathways and product selectivity. However, non-copper catalysts still face challenges including unclear structural evolution and active-site deactivation mechanisms during electrolysis at large current density, and their application in industrial-level electrolysis cell has not yet been realized. Finally, the perspectives are provided on high-throughput screening of advanced catalytic materials, design and construction of high-performance catalytic systems, catalytic process monitoring and mechanistic investigation, and industrial-scale application of stable high-current electrolysis, aiming to provide guidance for the rational design and industrialization of non-copper electrocatalysts.

Key words: electrocatalysis, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, non-copper catalyst, C2+ product, review

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