MgO/Y2O3复合包覆对LiNi0.9Mn0.1O2结构及性能的影响

doi:10.15541/jim20250430

摘要/Abstract

摘要： LiNi_0.9Mn_0.1O₂(NM91)因高能量密度、良好的成本效益及环境友好性,被认为是极具应用前景的锂离子电池正极材料之一,然而,较差的倍率性能和循环性能阻碍了其进一步发展。本研究以MgO和Y₂O₃为原料,采用高温固相法对NM91分别进行MgO单包覆及MgO/Y₂O₃复合包覆,制得样品NM91-M和NM91-MY,并对改性效果及机理进行研究。结果表明,包覆不改变材料晶型,但会提高其表面粗糙度,抑制材料在循环过程中晶格的收缩和膨胀,减缓电解液侵蚀,进而提升材料的综合性能。其中,复合包覆因引入Y₂O₃,在清除NM91表面残锂的同时生成快离子导体LiYO₂,显著降低材料界面阻抗并提升离子扩散能力,表现出最优的改性效果。复合包覆后,材料在5C(1C=180 mAh•g^-1)下的放电比容量由90.7 mAh•g^-1提高到129.7 mAh•g^-1;1C下循环150周后的比容量保持率从73.3%提高到87.9%。即便在4.5 V高截止电压下循环100周(1C),NM91-MY仍保持85.8%的比容量保持率,远高于NM91(70.5%)。此外,150周循环后材料的热分解温度从223.5 ℃提升至230.5 ℃。本研究表明,MgO/Y₂O₃复合包覆是提升NM91电化学性能与热稳定性的有效策略。

关键词: LiNi_0.9Mn_0.1O₂, MgO, Y₂O₃, 复合包覆改性, 电化学性能

Abstract: LiNi_0.9Mn_0.1O₂ (NM91) is one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries owing to its high energy density, favorable cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. However, its practical application is hindered by poor rate performance and cycling performance. In this study, MgO and Y₂O₃ were used as raw materials, and single MgO and MgO/Y₂O₃ composite were coated on NM91 via a high-temperature solid-state method, yielding the corresponding samples designated as NM91-M and NM91-MY. The effects of these coatings and their underlying mechanisms were systematically investigated. Research results indicate that surface coatings do not change the crystal form of NM91, but both can make the material's surface rougher, inhibit the lattice shrinkage and expansion of the material during the cycling process, and mitigate the erosion of electrolytes on the electrode surface, leading to overall performance enhancement. The composite coating, owing to the introduction of Y₂O₃, removes surface residual lithium while generating the fast ion conductor LiYO₂, thus drastically reducing the material’s interfacial impedance, enhancing its ionic diffusion capability, and showing the best modification effect. After composite coating, the discharge specific capacity of the material at 5C(1C=180 mAh•g^–1) increased from 90.7 mAh•g^–1 to 129.7 mAh•g^–1. After 150 cycles at 1C, the specific capacity retention rate of the material increased from 73.3% to 87.9%. Even at a high cut-off voltage of 4.5 V, after 100 cycles (1C), the composite-coated material still maintained a specific capacity retention rate of 85.8%, which was much higher than that of NM91(70.5%). In addition, the thermal decomposition temperature of the material after 150 cycles increased from 223.5 ℃ to 230.5 ℃. This study demonstrates that MgO/Y₂O₃ composite coating is an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical performance and thermal stability of NM91 materials.

Key words: LiNi_0.9Mn_0.1O₂, MgO, Y₂O₃, composite coating modification, electrochemical performance

中图分类号:

O646

杨紫程, 范广新, 袁振洛, 刘宝忠, 毛英杰. MgO/Y₂O₃复合包覆对LiNi_0.9Mn_0.1O₂结构及性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250430.

YANG Zicheng, FAN Guangxin, YUAN Zhenluo, LIU Baozhong, MAO Yingjie. Effect of MgO/Y₂O₃ Composite Coating on the Structure and Properties of LiNi_0.9Mn_0.1O₂[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250430.

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MgO/Y₂O₃复合包覆对LiNi_0.9Mn_0.1O₂结构及性能的影响

Effect of MgO/Y₂O₃ Composite Coating on the Structure and Properties of LiNi_0.9Mn_0.1O₂

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