中空碳纳米球与UiO-66复合材料的制备及其VOCs吸附性能

doi:10.15541/jim20250445

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)对环境可持续性与公共健康构成显著威胁。然而, 现有吸附剂常难以兼顾高容量与稳定性。本文以正硅酸四丙酯为硅源, 在碱性条件下合成中空碳纳米球(HCNS), 并通过改变碱溶液浓度、活化温度来调节HCNS的表面羟基含量, 得到一系列HCNS-x; 再将HCNS-x与比表面积大、热稳定性良好的UiO-66进行复合, 制得HCNS-x/UiO-66复合材料。通过各种表征测试研究其表面性质和结构, 结果表明, 在3 mol/L NaOH、60 ℃的活化条件下, HCNS-2的表面羟基含量最高, 并且, HCNS-2/UiO-66复合材料具有最佳的孔结构参数(比表面积为3694 m²·g^-1, 孔体积为2.53 cm³·g^-1, 平均孔径为6.9 nm)。HCNS-2/UiO-66的静态甲苯吸附容量为2.305 g·g^-1, 是UiO-66 (0.220 g·g^-1)的10.5倍, HCNS (1.436 g·g^-1)的1.6倍; 动态甲苯吸附结果表明HCNS-2/UiO-66具有最优异的甲苯吸附性能, 平衡吸附容量为2.140 g·g^-1, 这与其较大的比表面积和优化的孔结构有关。此外, 循环实验表明, HCNS-2/UiO-66在多次动态吸附-脱附循环后仍保持性能稳定, 其饱和吸附容量始终维持在约2.15 g·g⁻¹。本研究通过对HCNS的表面改性, 优化其与UiO-66的界面结合, 从而构建了兼具高吸附容量和稳定性的VOCs吸附材料。

关键词: 中空碳纳米球, 复合材料, 挥发性有机化合物, 吸附, 表面改性

Abstract: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) significantly threaten both environmental sustainability and public health. However, it remains challenging to combine high capacity and stability in most existing adsorbents. In this work, hollow carbon nanospheres (HCNS) were synthesized under alkaline conditions using tetrapropyl orthosilicate as the silicon source, followed by modulation of their surface hydroxyl content through variations in alkali concentration or temperature to yield a series of HCNS-x. These HCNS-x were then composited with UiO-66, which possesses a high specific surface area and excellent thermal stability, to prepare HCNS-x/UiO-66 composites. Their surface properties and structures were investigated through various characterization techniques. The results indicated that HCNS-2, activated with 3 mol/L NaOH at 60 ℃, exhibited the highest surface hydroxyl conctent. Furthermore, its corresponding composite, HCNS-2/UiO-66, demonstrated the most optimal pore structure parameters (a specific surface area as high as 3694 m²·g^-1, a total pore volume of 2.53 cm³·g^-1, and an average pore size of 6.9 nm). Static toluene adsorption tests revealed that the toluene adsorption capacity of HCNS-2/UiO-66 was 2.305 g·g^-1, which was 10.5 times that of pure UiO-66 (0.220 g·g^-1) and 1.6 times that of pristine that of HCNS (1.436 g·g^-1). Dynamic toluene adsorption breakthrough curves analysis confirmed that HCNS-2/UiO-66 possessed the most excellent toluene adsorption performance with a equilibrium adsorption capacity of 2.140 g·g^-1, which was attributed to its large specific surface area and optimized pore structure. Additionally, cycling tests demonstrated that HCNS-2/UiO-66 maintained stable performance over multiple dynamic adsorption-desorption cycles, demonstrating that its saturated adsorption capacity consistently remained around 2.15 g·g⁻¹. This study constructed a VOCs adsorbent with high adsorption capacity and stability by modifying the HCNS surface to optimize its interfacial integration with UiO-66.

Key words: hollow carbon nanosphere, composite, volatile organic compound, adsorption, surface modification

中图分类号:

X511

王涵, 清江, 黄红花, 王红宁, 姚超, 陈若愚. 中空碳纳米球与UiO-66复合材料的制备及其VOCs吸附性能[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250445.

WANG Han, QING Jiang, HUANG Honghua, WANG Hongning, YAO Chao, CHEN Ruoyu. Hollow Carbon Nanospheres/UiO-66 Composites: Fabrication and VOCs Adsorption Performance[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250445.

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