原料预处理对BaTiO3压电陶瓷的物性影响

doi:10.15541/jim20160489

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

BaCO₃微粉原料通常由尺寸较大的棒状颗粒所组成, 这些棒状颗粒在一次球磨过程中由于不容易粉碎, 从而对经预烧、二次球磨所得到的BaTiO₃陶瓷微粉的化学组分的均匀性和颗粒度产生影响, 进而影响后序烧结制备的BaTiO₃陶瓷的微观组织结构和压电性能。本研究重点探讨了以BaCO₃和TiO₂为原料、通过固相反应途径制备BaTiO₃陶瓷时, 实施原料预处理对所制备的BaTiO₃压电陶瓷物性的影响。研究发现, 配料前对BaCO₃原料实施球磨预处理可明显地降低棒状颗粒的尺寸, 从而可获得颗粒度细化的BaTiO₃陶瓷微粉, 进而制备致密度更高和晶粒尺寸更小而压电性能更高的BaTiO₃陶瓷材料。研究中对BaCO₃微粉进行不同时间的球磨预处理, 然后制备钛酸钡陶瓷, 考察了其压电性能、介电性质、铁电性能和微观结构等物理性质。利用同样的BaCO₃微粉原料, 未经球磨预处理所制备的BaTiO₃陶瓷的压电系数d₃₃最高值为410 pC/N, 而实施合适的球磨预处理制备的BaTiO₃陶瓷的压电系数d₃₃最高值可达470 pC/N。

关键词: BaTiO₃, 压电陶瓷, 原料预球磨处理, 微观结构

Abstract:

BaCO₃ powder usually consists of large rod-shaped particles, which can not be easily broken up into fine ones when ball-milled together with TiO₂ powder. This may lead to chemical compositional non-uniformity and large particle sizes of the subsequently synthesized BaTiO₃ powder through the calcination and the secondary ball-milling procedure, and may eventually affect the microstructure and the piezoelectric properties of resultant BaTiO₃ ceramics. Effects of the pre-milling treatment of BaCO₃powder on physical properties of the resultant BaTiO₃ ceramics prepared by conventional solid-state reaction were investigated. The results show that an additional ball-milling treatment of BaCO₃ powder before being mixed with TiO₂ powder can remarkably reduce the size of the rod-like particles, which is an effective way to get good-quality BaTiO₃fine powder. In such a way, a series of small-grained dense BaTiO₃ ceramics are fabricated with significantly high piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃. The BaTiO₃ceramics were prepared with the BaCO₃ powders ball-milled for different time before mixing with raw TiO₂ powder. Physical properties of the resultant BaTiO₃ceramics, including piezoelectric properties, dielectric properties, ferroelectric properties, and microstructure were investigated. A much enhanced d₃₃value of 470 pC/N was achieved for the BaTiO₃ ceramics prepared with the BaCO₃ powders ball-milled for 8 h, in comparison to the maximum value of 410 pC/N for those BaTiO₃ ceramics prepared with un-ball-milled BaCO₃ powders.

Key words: BaTiO₃, piezoelectric ceramics, pre-milling of raw material, microstructure

中图分类号:

TQ174

孙丹丹, 张家良, 武燕庆, 张仲秋, 刘大康. 原料预处理对BaTiO₃压电陶瓷的物性影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2017, 32(6): 615-620.

SUN Dan-Dan, ZHANG Jia-Liang, WU Yan-Qing, ZHANG Zhong-Qiu, LIU Da-Kang. Raw-material Pre-milling on Physical Property of BaTiO₃ Piezoelectric Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(6): 615-620.

图/表 8

图1 BaCO3微粉的微观形貌

Fig. 1 SEM images of BaCO3 powders(a) Raw material of BaCO3 powders; (b)-(e) Ball-milling BaCO3 powders for 4, 6, 8, and 10 h, respectively

图2 BaTiO3陶瓷微粉的微观形貌

Fig. 2 SEM images of BaTiO3 ceramic powders(a) Prepared with untreated BaCO3 powders; (b)-(e) Prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for 4, 6, 8, and 10 h, respectively

表1 不同预球磨处理条件的BaCO3微粉为原料所制备的BaTiO3陶瓷的诸种物理性质

Table 1 Physical properties of BaTiO3 ceramics prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for different time

Premilling time/h	Sinter. temp. /℃	ρ/%	g/μm	d₃₃/(pC·N^-1)	ε’ at 1 kHz	tanδ/%	T_O-T/℃	T_C/℃
0	1210	95.6	3.4	370	3212	3.1	-	-
0	1220	97.8	3.5	410	3370	3.1	27.8	121.8
4	1230	96.5	1.3	450	3547	3.1	25.6	121.5
6	1230	96.9	1.9	440	3350	2.9	27.2	122.6
8	1230	96.1	1.4	470	4133	2.9	28.2	120.6
10	1230	95.7	1.4	465	3560	3.1	25.8	122.1

图3 不同预球磨处理条件的BaCO3微粉为原料所制备的BaTiO3陶瓷的介电温谱

Fig. 3 Temperature dependence of dielectric permittivity for the various BaTiO3 ceramic prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for different time

图4 不同预球磨条件制备的BaTiO3陶瓷的微观结构

Fig. 4 SEM images of microstructure for various BaTiO3 ceramics prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for different time(a) Prepared with untreated BaCO3 powder; (b)-(e) Prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for 4, 6, 8, and 10 h, respectively

图5 不同预球磨处理条件的BaCO3微粉为原料所制备的BaTiO3陶瓷微粉的XRD图谱

Fig. 5 XRD patterns of the various BaTiO3 ceramic powders prepared with ball-milling BaCO3 powders for different time

图6 室温下测得的各种BaTiO3陶瓷的P-E电滞回线

Fig. 6 Curves of P-E loops for the various BaTiO3 ceramics measured at room temperature

图7 不同的预球磨时间制备的BaTiO3陶瓷的剩余极化强度和矫顽场的变化

Fig. 7 Variations of Pr and Ec of BaTiO3 ceramics obtained with different ball-milling time of BaCO3 powders

参考文献 13

[1]	JAFFE B, COOK W R, JAFFE H. Piezoelectric Ceramics.London : Academic Press, 1971: 53-114.
[2]	TAKAHASHI H, NUMAMOTO Y, TANI J, et al.Domain properties of high-performance barium titanate ceramics.Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2007, 46(10S): 7044-7047.
[3]	KARAKI T, YAN K, MIYAMOTO T, et al.Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with large dielectric and piezoelectric constants manufactured from BaTiO3 nano-powder.Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2007, 46(2L): L97-L98.
[4]	WADA S, TAKEDA K, MURAISHI T, et al.Preparation of [110] grain oriented barium titanate ceramics by templated grain growth method and their piezoelectric properties.Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2007, 46(10S): 7039-7043.
[5]	SHAO S F, ZHANG J L, ZHANG Z, et al.High piezoelectric properties and domain configuration in BaTiO3 ceramics obtained through the solid-state reaction route.Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2008, 41(12): 125408.
[6]	ZHENG P, ZHANG J L, TAN Y Q, et al.Grain-size effects on dielectric and piezoelectric properties of poled BaTiO3 ceramics.Acta Mater., 2012, 60(s13-14): 5022-5030.
[7]	HUAN Y, WANG X, FANG J, et al.Grain size effects on piezoelectric properties and domain structure of BaTiO3 ceramics prepared by two‐step sintering.Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2013, 96(11): 3369-3371.
[8]	ZHANG J L, JI P F, WU Y Q, et al.Strong piezoelectricity exhibited by large-grained BaTiO3 ceramics.Applied Physics Letters, 2014, 104(22): 222909.
[9]	TAN Y Q, ZHANG J L, WU Y Q, et al.Unfolding grain size effects in barium titanate ferroelectric ceramics.Scientific Reports, 2015, 5: 9953.
[10]	WANG J C, ZHENG P, YIN R Q, et al.Different piezoelectric grain size effects in BaTiO3 ceramics.Ceramics International, 2015, 41(10): 14165-14171.
[11]	ZHENG P, ZHANG J L, SHAO S F, et al.Piezoelectric properties and stabilities of CuO-modified Ba(Ti,Zr)O3 ceramics.Applied Physics Letters, 2009, 94(3): 2902.
[12]	LIU W F, REN X B.Large piezoelectric effect in Pb-free ceramics.Physical Review Letters, 2009, 103(25): 257602.
[13]	ZHANG J L, ZHANG Z, SHAO S F, et al.High piezoelectric performance and relevant physical mechanism of CuO-modified Ba(Ti0.96Sn0.04)O3 ceramics.Journal of Advanced Dielectrics, 2011, 1(01): 79-84.

[1]	张家维, 陈宁, 程原, 王博, 朱建国, 金城. Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂铋层状压电陶瓷的A/B位掺杂及其电学性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(6): 690-696.
[2]	吴琼, 沈炳林, 张茂华, 姚方周, 邢志鹏, 王轲. 铅基织构压电陶瓷研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(6): 563-574.
[3]	周阳阳, 张艳艳, 于子怡, 傅正钱, 许钫钫, 梁瑞虹, 周志勇. 通过Bi³⁺自掺杂增强CaBi₄Ti₄O₁₅基陶瓷压电性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(6): 719-728.
[4]	姜昆, 李乐天, 郑木鹏, 胡永明, 潘勤学, 吴超峰, 王轲. PZT陶瓷的低温烧结研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(6): 627-638.
[5]	吴鲁康, 傅正钱, 于子怡, 杨俊, 周斌, 陈学锋, 许钫钫. 电子能量损失谱在BaTiO₃基多层陶瓷电容器中的应用研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(6): 683-689.
[6]	谌广昌, 段小明, 朱金荣, 龚情, 蔡德龙, 李宇航, 杨东雷, 陈彪, 李新民, 邓旭东, 余瑾, 刘博雅, 何培刚, 贾德昌, 周玉. 直升机特定结构先进陶瓷材料研究进展与应用展望[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(3): 225-244.
[7]	穆浩洁, 张源江, 喻彬, 付秀梅, 周世斌, 李晓东. ZrO₂掺杂Y₂O₃-MgO纳米复相陶瓷的制备及性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(3): 281-289.
[8]	黄建锋, 梁瑞虹, 周志勇. W/Cr共掺杂对CaBi₂Nb₂O₉陶瓷晶体结构及电学性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(8): 887-894.
[9]	范武刚, 曹雄, 周响, 李玲, 赵冠楠, 张兆泉. 8YSZ陶瓷在模拟压水堆水环境中的耐腐蚀性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(7): 803-809.
[10]	姜灵毅, 庞生洋, 杨超, 张悦, 胡成龙, 汤素芳. C/SiC-BN复合材料的制备及氧化行为[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(7): 779-786.
[11]	薛轶凡, 李玮洁, 张中伟, 庞旭, 刘愚. 碳纤维布表面PyC界面相微观结构及均匀性的工艺调控[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(4): 399-408.
[12]	刘松, 张发强, 罗进, 刘志甫. 0.9BaTiO₃-0.1Bi(Mg_1/2Ti_1/2)O₃铁电薄膜制备及储能特性[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(3): 291-298.
[13]	彭萍, 谭礼涛. CuO掺杂(Ba,Ca)(Ti,Sn)O₃陶瓷的结构与压电性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(10): 1100-1106.
[14]	邹凯, 张文斌, 关胜, 孙海轶, 彭凯伦, 邹家杰, 李学红, 王成, 冷雨欣, 梁瑞虹, 周志勇. 压电式高温液滴喷射元件研制[J]. 无机材料学报, 2023, 38(8): 987-988.
[15]	吴爽, 苟燕子, 王永寿, 宋曲之, 张庆雨, 王应德. 高温热处理对国产KD-SA型SiC纤维组成结构与力学性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2023, 38(5): 569-576.

原料预处理对BaTiO₃压电陶瓷的物性影响

Raw-material Pre-milling on Physical Property of BaTiO₃ Piezoelectric Ceramics

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 8

参考文献 13

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价