Advanced Ceramic Materials in Helicopter Special Structures: Research Progress and Application Prospect

doi:10.15541/jim20240401

Abstract

Abstract:

To further expand the application of advanced ceramic materials in helicopters, this paper reviews their application in helicopter structures both domestically and internationally. It emphasizes the technical maturity and development trends of various ceramic materials in helicopter specific structural applications, such as energy impact protection parts, energy conversion components, and corrosion protection areas. By comparing the gaps between domestic and international use of advanced ceramic materials in helicopter specific structures, the paper provides suggestions for the future development. Recommendations include the use of reaction-sintered contoured integrated opaque armor ceramics and polycrystalline transparent armor ceramics for the high-speed dynamic impact energy protection parts, cermet composite coatings compatible with epoxy resin composite substrates for the low-energy impact protection parts, and hybrid ceramic matrix composite/polymer matrix composite (HCMC-PMC) materials for the thermal shock protection parts. Additionally, multifunctional composite materials, such as high-performance miniature piezoelectric ceramic thin film functional devices and flexible hybrid electronic structures based on micro-piezoelectric ceramic materials, should be developed for the mechanical and electrical energy conversion components. Microwave-absorbing ceramic composites derived from polymer-derived ceramics that are compatible with epoxy resin composite substrates are recommended for the electromagnetic and thermal energy conversion components. Furthermore, high-performance abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant Sol-Gel coatings are suggested for the corrosion protection areas. It is also essential to establish a high-speed dynamic energy impact protection mechanism for helicopters, optimize the ballistic performance of protective materials, and develop advanced ceramic materials digital testing and verification technologies, represented by multi-functional composite materials for helicopter specific structures. These efforts will greatly shorten the application cycle of advanced ceramic materials and reduce the verification cost.

Key words: helicopter, specific structure, advanced ceramic, micro-piezoelectric ceramic, multifunctional composite material, digital testing and verification technology, review

CLC Number:

TB174

CHEN Guangchang, DUAN Xiaoming, ZHU Jinrong, GONG Qing, CAI Delong, LI Yuhang, YANG Donglei, CHEN Biao, LI Xinmin, DENG Xudong, YU Jin, LIU Boya, HE Peigang, JIA Dechang, ZHOU Yu. Advanced Ceramic Materials in Helicopter Special Structures: Research Progress and Application Prospect[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(3): 225-244.

Figures/Tables 19

References 144

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Brand	Type	Supplier
Reaction sintering ceramic	Bullet-proof ceramic	M Cubed Technologies
AlON	Transparent bullet-proof ceramic	Surmet
Flexible hybrid system	Silicon-based ceramic	American Semiconductor
Gentoo	Sol-Gel coating	Luna Innovations

Brand	Type	Supplier
Reaction sintering ceramic	Bullet-proof ceramic	M Cubed Technologies
AlON	Transparent bullet-proof ceramic	Surmet
Flexible hybrid system	Silicon-based ceramic	American Semiconductor
Gentoo	Sol-Gel coating	Luna Innovations

Material	AlON	MgAl₂O₃	Bullet-proof glass
Density/(g·cm^-3)	3.69	3.58	2.50
Young modulus/GPa	334	238	72
Bending strength/MPa	220-550	180-450	50-55
Knoop hardness/GPa	14-18	12-15	5.0-5.5

Material	AlON	MgAl₂O₃	Bullet-proof glass
Density/(g·cm^-3)	3.69	3.58	2.50
Young modulus/GPa	334	238	72
Bending strength/MPa	220-550	180-450	50-55
Knoop hardness/GPa	14-18	12-15	5.0-5.5

Material	Al₂O_3f/ Al₂O₃	SiC_f/SiC	High temperature alloy
Density/(g·cm^-3)	2.6-2.8	2.5-2.9	8-9
Oxidation resistance	Good	Moderate	Low
Cost	Low	Moderate	Moderate
Temperature resistance/℃	1100	1200	1050