Interfacial Mechanical Properties of the Domestic 3rd Generation 2.5D SiCf/SiC Composite

doi:10.15541/jim20230352

Abstract

Abstract:

Continuous silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide composite (SiC_f/SiC) is a critical structural material for the development of next-generation aircraft engines. The interfacial property is one of the important factors determining the material mechanical properties. Therefore, this study characterized the interfacial mechanical properties of domestic third-generation 2.5D SiC_f/SiC and investigated its relationship with tensile properties. The residual stress of the 2.5D SiC_f/SiC constituents and interfacial sliding stress (IFSS) were quantitatively analyzed by hysteresis characteristics during the cyclic tension loading/unloading test. Statistical distributions of the in-situ fiber strength $({{\sigma }_{\text{fu}}})$ were obtained based on the fracture mirror radius of pull-out fibers. Interfacial shear strength (ISS) and interfacial debonding energy (G_i) were obtained through the push-in method. Results show that combination of macroscopic and microscopic methods can comprehensively describe the interfacial mechanical performance of 2.5D SiC_f/SiC from crack initiation to final debonding. The IFSS, ISS, and G_i of 2.5D SiC_f/SiC are 56 MPa, (28 ± 5) MPa, and (2.7 ± 0.6) J/m², respectively. Values of ISS and G_i indicate weak interface bonding, causing it susceptible to cracking under shear stress, while the large IFSS suggests that relative fiber sliding is inhibited after interface debonding, hindering fiber pull-out. The obtained interfacial properties can predict the proportional limit stress (${{\sigma }_{\text{PLS}}}$) accurately according to the ACK model. Based on the interfacial properties and the in-situ fiber strength (${{\sigma }_{\text{fu}}}$), the tensile strength of 2.5D SiC_f/SiC is predicted to be higher than the experimental value, which is related to the interfacial radial compressive residual stress and residual tensile stress endured by the fiber.

Key words: 2.5D SiC_f/SiC composite, tensile loading/unloading, push-in, interfacial shear strength, interfacial debonding energy, interfacial sliding stress

CLC Number:

TB332

GUAN Haoyang, ZHANG Li, JING Kaikai, SHI Weigang, WANG Jing, LI Mei, LIU Yongsheng, ZHANG Chengyu. Interfacial Mechanical Properties of the Domestic 3rd Generation 2.5D SiC_f/SiC Composite[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(3): 259-266.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 Fabric preform and dimensions of 2.5D SiCf/SiC tensile specimen (a) Schematic of 2.5D woven preform; (b) Dimensions of the tensile specimen(in mm)

Fig. 2 Matrix cracks in the fractured 2.5D SiCf/SiC under tensile loading

Fig. 3 Stress-strain curves during the loading/unloading test of 2.5D SiCf/SiC (a) and schematic of typical hysteresis loop (b) Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. 4 Relationship between damage factor (DF) and stress for 2.5D SiCf/SiC

Table 1 Experimental results and related parameters from the loading/unloading cycle test

σ_p/MPa	σ_tr/MPa	E*/GPa	δ_ε_max/%	ε_p/%
200	72	188	2.67×10^-3	0.110
220	96	160	4.10×10^-3	0.136
240	100	139	6.18×10^-3	0.167
260	110	120	1.06×10^-2	0.205

Fig. 5 Reloading reciprocal modulus of 2.5D SiCf/SiC under different peak loading stress

Fig. 6 Variation of parameters during loading/unloading process (a)Variation of δεmax with σp and (b) Variation of εp with ${{\sigma }_{\text{p}}}$

Fig. 7 Load-displacement curves during push-in test of 2.5D SiCf/SiC

Fig. 8 Weibull distribution of in-situ fiber strength of 2.5D SiCf/SiC

Fig. 9 Pull-out fibers on the fracture surface of 2.5D SiCf/SiC

Table 2 Interfacial properties comparison of SiCf/SiC

Fiber	Materials		Weaving method	Properties of interface			Ref.
Fiber	Interface	Matrix	Weaving method	ISS/MPa	IFSS/MPa	G_i/(J·m^-2)	Ref.
Cansas III	BN	CVI	2.5D	28 (Push-in)	56 (Hysteresis loops) (Morphology)	2.7 (Push-in)	This work
Nicalon	BN	CVD	Mini composite	-	8-15 (Push out)	2-8 (Push-out)	[33]
Hi-Nicalon	BN	MI	2D	-	5-25 (Hysteresis loops)	-	[34]
Tyranno ZMI	BN	CVI	2D	93 (Push-in)	-	9.2 (Push-in)	[27]
Hi-Nicalon S	PyC	CVI	Mini composite	-	10 (Hysteresis loops)	-	[18]

References 34

[1]	李世波, 徐永东, 张立同. 碳化硅纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料的研究进展. 材料导报, 2001, 15(1): 45.
[2]	丁冬海, 周万城, 张标, 等. 连续SiC纤维增韧SiC基体复合材料研究进展. 硅酸盐通报, 2011, 30(2): 356.
[3]	GRONDAHL C M, TSUCHIYA T. Performance benefit assessment of ceramic components in an MS9001FA gas turbine. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the ASME, 2001, 123(3): 513. DOI URL
[4]	张立同, 成来飞. 连续纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料可持续发展战略探讨. 复合材料学报, 2007(2): 1.
[5]	SUN J J, LIU W, LV X X, et al. Characterization of BN interface and its effect on the mechanical behavior of SiC_f/SiC composites. Vacuum, 2023, 211: 111918. DOI URL
[6]	LIU Y, CHAI N, QIN H, et al. Tensile fracture behavior and strength distribution of SiC_f/SiC composites with different SiBN interface thicknesses. Ceramics International, 2015, 41(1, Part B): 1609. DOI URL
[7]	朱思雨, 张巧君, 洪智亮, 等. 平纹编织SiC_f/SiC复合材料的中温蠕变断裂时间及损伤机制. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(1): 464.
[8]	RUGG K L, TRESSLER R E, LAMON J, et al. Interfacial behavior of microcomposites during creep at elevated temperatures. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 1999, 19(13): 2297. DOI URL
[9]	MARSHALL D B. Analysis of fiber debonding and sliding experiments in brittle matrix composites. Acta Metallurgica et Materialia, 1992, 40(3): 427. DOI URL
[10]	MARSHALL D B, OLIVER W C. Measurement of interfacial mechanical-properties in fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1987, 70(8): 542. DOI URL
[11]	HSUEH C. Evaluation of interfacial properties of fiber-reinforced ceramic composites using a mechanical properties microprobe. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1993, 76(12): 3041. DOI URL
[12]	EVANS A G, DOMERGUE J M, VAGAGGINI E. Methodology for relating the tensile constitutive behavior of ceramic-matrix composites to constituent properties. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1994, 77(6): 1425. DOI URL
[13]	WANG Y Q, ZHANG L T, CHENG L F, et al. Characterization of tensile behavior of a two-dimensional woven carbon/silicon carbide composite fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2008, 497(1/2): 295. DOI URL
[14]	LIU S H, ZHANG L T, YIN X W, et al. Proportional limit stress and residual thermal stress of 3D SiC/SiC composite. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2014, 30(10): 959.
[15]	JIAO G Q, WANG B. Effects of interface properties on tensile strength of ceramic matrix composites. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2009, 24(5): 919. DOI URL
[16]	REBILLAT F, LAMON J, NASLAIN R, et al. Interfacial bond strength in SiC/C/SiC composite materials, as studied by single- fiber push-out tests. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1998, 81(4): 965. DOI URL
[17]	于海蛟. 多层界面制备、表征及其对SiC_f/SiC复合材料性能的影响. 长沙: 国防科技技术大学博士论文, 2011.
[18]	SAUDER C, BRUSSON A, LAMON J. Influence of interface characteristics on the mechanical properties of Hi-Nicalon type-S or Tyranno-SA3 fiber-reinforced SiC/SiC minicomposites. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2010, 7(3): 291. DOI URL
[19]	DOMERGUE J M, HEREDIA F E, EVANS A G. Hysteresis loops and the inelastic deformation of 0/90 ceramic matrix composites. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1996, 79(1): 161. DOI URL
[20]	Materials, American Society for Testing. ASTM STP1309. West Con Shohocken: ASTM Int’l, 1997.
[21]	VAGAGGINI E, DOMERGUE J M, EVANS A G. Relationships between hysteresis measurements and the constituent properties of ceramic-matrix composites I: theory. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1995, 78(10): 2709. DOI URL
[22]	VILLENEUVE J F, NASLAIN R. Longitudinal/radial thermal expansion and poission ratio of some ceramic fibres as measured by transmission electron microscopy. Composites Science＆Technology, 1993, 49(1): 89.
[23]	HUTCHINSON J W, JENSEN H M. Models of fiber debonding and pullout in brittle composites with friction. Mechanics of Materials, 1990, 9(2): 139. DOI URL
[24]	RODRÍGUEZ M, MOLINA-ALDAREGUÍA J M, GONZÁLEZ C, et al. A methodology to measure the interface shear strength by means of the fiber push-in test. Composites Science and Technology, 2012, 72(15): 1924. DOI URL
[25]	MOLINA-ALDAREGUI´A J M, RODRIGUEZ M, GONZA´LEZ C, et al. An experimental and numerical study of the influence of local effects on the application of the fibre push-in tests. Philosophical Magazine, 2011, 91: 1293. DOI URL
[26]	KUNTZ M, GRATHWOHL G. Advanced evaluation of push-in data for the assessment of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites. Advanced Engineering Materials, 2001, 3(6): 371. DOI URL
[27]	DING J X, MA X K, FAN X M, et al. Failure behavior of interfacial domain in SiC-matrix based composites. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2021, 88: 1.
[28]	CURTIN W A. In-situ fiber strengths in ceramic-matrix composites from fracture mirrors. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1994, 77(4): 1075. DOI URL
[29]	THOULESS M D, SBAIZERO O, SIGL L S, et al. Effect of interface mechanical properties on pullout in a SiC-fiber-reinforced lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramic. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1989, 72(4): 517. DOI URL
[30]	AVESTON J, KELLY A. Theory of multiple fracture of fibrous composites. Journal of Materials Science, 1973, 8(3): 352. DOI URL
[31]	CHRISTENSEN M R, LO K H. Solutions for effective shear proper ties in 3 phase sphere and cylinder. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 1979, 27(4): 315. DOI URL
[32]	GUO S, KAGAWA Y. Tensile fracture behavior of continuous SiC fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composites at elevated temperatures and correlation to in situ constituent properties. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2002, 22(13): 2349. DOI URL
[33]	REBIlAT F, LAMON J, GUETTE A. The concept of a strong interface applied to SiC/SiC composites with a BN interphase. Acta Materialia, 2000, 48(18/19): 4609. DOI URL
[34]	DICARLO J A, YUN H M, MORSCHER G N, et al. SiC/SiC composites for 1200 °C and above// NAROTTAM P B.Handbook of Ceramic Composites, Boston, MA: Springer, 2005: 77-98.