Research Progress on Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Structural Materials for Extreme Environments

doi:10.15541/jim20250054

Abstract

Abstract: Ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) structural materials have emerged as critical candidates in the fileds of aerospace, defence equipment, energy and power sectors due to their outstanding oxidation/ablation resistance, high-temperature strength retention, and thermal shock resistance in oxidative environments exceeding 1600 °C. In recent years, extensive research has been achieved in both fundamental research and technological applications addressing the compositional control, structural design, fabrication techniques, and performance optimization of these materials. UHTC systems, characterized by carbides, borides, and nitrides, are currently facing increasingly stringent demands for enhanced thermal performance in more complex environments. To further advance the development of ultra-high temperature ceramic structural materials for such conditions, this paper systematically reviews the latest research progress in this field. Firstly, synthesis techniques of UHTC powders are elaborated. Subsequently, the systems, densification methods, and structural regulation strategies of ultra-high temperature structural ceramics are presented. Furthermore, the fabrication techniques and performance enhancement strategies of ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites (UHTCMCs), ultra-high temperature ceramics modified carbon/carbon composites (UHTCs-C/C), and UHTC coatings are examined, with particular emphasis on the latest breakthroughs in oxidation/ablation resistance. Additionally, the primary technical challenges related to the long-term stability and reliability of UHTC structural materials under extreme conditions are identified, and a forward-looking perspective on future development trends is provided.

Key words: ultra-high temperature structural material, ultra-high temperature ceramic, composites, coating, oxidation/ablation resistance, review

CLC Number:

TB332

LI Xiaoxuan, FU Qiangang, WEN Zihao, YANG Jinshan, NI Dewei, DONG Shaoming, ZHANG Jie, CHENG Yuan, LIU Yuxuan, CHU Yanhui, CAI Feiyan, WANG Jingyang, ZHANG Xinghong. Research Progress on Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Structural Materials for Extreme Environments[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250054.

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