Ablation Behavior of Ultra-high Temperature Composite Ceramic Matrix Composites

doi:10.15541/jim20210182

Abstract

Abstract:

Ultra-high temperature composite ceramic matrix composites ZrC-SiC, ZrB₂-ZrC-SiC and HfB₂-HfC-SiC were fabricated by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method. The ultra-high temperature ceramic phases in the materials were characterized by submicron/ nanometer uniform dispersion distribution. Ablation behaviors of ZrC-SiC, ZrB₂-ZrC-SiC and HfB₂-HfC-SiC matrix composites under atmospheric plasma and on-ground arc-jet wind tunnel were investigated comparatively. The main factors that affect design for ultra-high temperature composite ceramic matrix composites were summarized. The result shows that, compared with traditional SiC-based composites, ultra-high temperature composite ceramic matrix composites have a solid-liquid two-phase dense oxide film formed in situ on the surface of the composites after ablation. Synergistic effect of the two phases has achieved effects of erosion resistance and oxidation resistance, which plays a very important role in hindering the loss of liquid SiO₂ and greatly improves the ultra-high temperature ablation performance of the materials. On this basis, the important factors that should be considered in the matrix design of ultra-high temperature composite ceramic matrix composites are obtained. The above results have instructional significance for the ultra-high temperature and the limited life application of ceramic matrix composites.

Key words: ultra-high temperature, composite ceramics, matrix composites, ablation behavior, SiC

CLC Number:

V435

JU Yinchao, LIU Xiaoyong, WANG Qin, ZHANG Weigang, WEI Xi. Ablation Behavior of Ultra-high Temperature Composite Ceramic Matrix Composites[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(1): 86-92.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 XRD pattern (a) and SEM images (b, c) of ZrC-SiC matrix composites

Fig. 2 XRD pattern (a) and SEM images (b,c) of ZrB2-ZrC-SiC matrix composites

Fig. 3 XRD pattern (a) and SEM images (b, c) of HfB2-HfC-SiC matrix composites

Fig. 4 SEM images of ablation centers of ZrC-SiC (a, b) and ZrB2-ZrC-SiC (c,d) matrix composites (ablated at 2450 K)

Fig. 5 SEM image of ablation center of ZrC-SiC matrix composites (ablated at 2200 K)

Fig. 6 SEM images of ablation center of ZrB2-ZrC-SiC matrix composites (ablated at 2300 K)

Fig. 7 SEM images of ablation center of HfB2-HfC-SiC matrix composites (ablated at 2300 K)

Table 1 Effect of porosity on ablation performance of different composites

Number	Sample	Density /(g·cm^-3)	Porsity /%	Experimental equipment	Ablation temperature/K	Linear ablation rate/(μm·s^-1)
1	C/SiC	2.1	3.8	atmospheric plasma torch	2450 K	15.97
2	ZrC-SiC matrix composites	2.2	16.3	atmospheric plasma torch	2450 K	0.59
3	ZrB₂-ZrC-SiC matrix composites	2.1	15.4	atmospheric plasma torch	2450 K	1.32
4	ZrC-SiC matrix composites	2.2	16.3	art-jet wind tunnel testing	2200 K	9.8
5	ZrB₂-ZrC-SiC matrix composites	2.1	15.4	art-jet wind tunnel testing	2200 K	0.33
6	ZrB₂-ZrC-SiC matrix composites	2.1	15.4	art-jet wind tunnel testing	2300 K	5.3
7	HfB₂-HfC-SiC matrix composites	2.5	15.6	art-jet wind tunnel testing	2300 K	0.17

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