不同SiC纤维高温退火后抗蠕变性能的定量研究

doi:10.15541/jim20250498

摘要/Abstract

摘要： SiC 纤维具有优异的高温稳定性和力学性能,是可重复使用飞行器中先进陶瓷基复合材料的关键增强体。不同类型 SiC 纤维的组成与微观结构差异显著,这直接影响其高温抗蠕变性能。然而,热处理影响蠕变性能的微观机制尚不明确。本文对比研究了Shincolon-Ⅱ（F-1）、KD-S（F-2）和KD-SA（F-3）三种 SiC 纤维的蠕变行为,发现F-3因近化学计量比的组成及高结晶度结构而呈现最优的抗蠕变性能,而F-2较F-1的抗蠕变性能提升主要源于游离碳含量较低与结构有序度更高。氩气环境高温热处理能普遍改善纤维的抗蠕变性：经1900 ℃热处理1 h后,在1500 ℃测试条件下,F-1和F-2的应力松弛参数(m)较原始纤维提升超过10倍,F-3提升约5倍。但不同纤维的增强机制存在差异: F-1和F-2主要得益于晶粒长大和碳的石墨化;F-3则主要依赖铝化合物与石墨化碳对晶界的稳定作用,以及热处理后的结构致密化。本研究可为提升SiC纤维抗蠕变性能及优化其综合力学性能提供理论基础。

关键词: SiC纤维, 抗蠕变性能, 热处理, 微观结构, 陶瓷基复合材料

Abstract: SiC fibers exhibit exceptional high-temperature stability and mechanical properties, making them a crucial reinforcement in advanced ceramic matrix composites for the reusable launch vehicles. The composition and microstructure of different types of SiC fibers vary significantly, which directly influence their high-temperature creep resistance. However, the underlying microstructural mechanisms by which heat treatment influences creep performance remain unclear. This work presents a comparative analysis of the creep behaviors of Shincolon-Ⅱ (F-1), KD-S (F-2) and KD-SA (F-3) SiC fibers. The results reveal that the superior creep resistance of F-3 is attributed to its near-stoichiometric composition and highly crystalline microstructure, while the better performance of F-2 compared to F-1 is mainly due to its lower content of free carbon and higher degree of structural ordering. High-temperature heat treatment in argon can generally improve their creep resistance. After heat treatment at 1900 ℃ for 1 h, the stress relaxation parameter (m) increases by more than 10 times for F-1 and F-2, and by approximately 5 times for F-3, compared to that of the as-received fibers tested at 1500 ℃. The mechanisms by which heat treatment enhances creep resistance differ for the different fibers. For F-1 and F-2, the dominant factors are grain growth and carbon graphitization, whereas for F-3, the improvement relies primarily on the stabilization of grain boundaries by Al compounds and graphitized carbon, along with structural densification. The findings of this work provide theoretical foundation for improving the creep resistance of SiC fibers and optimizing their comprehensive mechanical performance.

Key words: SiC fiber, creep resistance, heat treatment, microstructure, ceramic matrix composite

中图分类号:

TQ343

周雪, 刘喆, 任岩, 余金山, 杨天月, 赵钟倩, 王洪磊, 周新贵, 苟燕子. 不同SiC纤维高温退火后抗蠕变性能的定量研究[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250498.

ZHOU Xue, LIU Zhe, REN Yan, YU Jinshan, YANG Tianyue, ZHAO Zhong qian, WANG Honglei, ZHOU Xingui, GOU Yanzi. Quantitative Investigation of the Creep Resistance of Different SiC Fibers after Annealing at High Temperature[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250498.

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