氧化锌透明陶瓷光学透过模型构建与实验验证

doi:10.15541/jim20180418

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以ZnO透明陶瓷为研究对象, 基于Mie理论及Rayleigh-Debye近似散射理论, 建立了单轴六方晶系透明陶瓷的双折射散射与其直线光学透过率之间关联的理论模型, 阐明了ZnO透明陶瓷光学直线透过率随晶粒尺寸减小、陶瓷织构度的提升而增大的关系。采用强磁场下的注浆成型工艺结合优化放电等离子体烧结参数, 实现了ZnO透明陶瓷显微结构的有效调控, 使得制备的ZnO透明陶瓷符合模型要求。实验结果表明: 当ZnO陶瓷平均晶粒尺寸从1.72 μm减小至0.66 μm时, 其600 nm处的直线透过率从5.1%提高到12.9%; 对于亚微米级ZnO陶瓷(平均晶粒尺寸0.35 μm), 当陶瓷织构度从4.0%提高到24.7%时(XRD计算), 样品光学直线透过率从21.6%提升到36.6%。所获得实验结果与构建的理论模型计算结果吻合, 证实了所构建的模型。

关键词: ZnO, 双折射, 织构, 透过率

Abstract:

The influence of birefringent light scattering on in-line optical transmittance model depended on uniaxial hexagonal crystal structure transparent ceramics using ZnO as research object has been established based on Mie theory and its developed approximation Rayleigh-Gans-Debye scatting theory. Theoretical calculation indicates that in-line optical transmittance of ZnO transparent ceramics improves obviously with the decrease of grain size and increase of orientation. ZnO transparent ceramics which meet the microstructure requirements of the model were effectively controlled by slip casting process under a strong magnetic field and designing SPS sintering parameters. Corresponding results show that the in-line optical transmittance of non-textured ZnO transparent ceramic increased from 5.1% to 12.9% at 600 nm as grain size decreased from 1.72 μm to 0.35 μm while that of textured ZnO transparent ceramic (mean grain size 0.66 μm) was improved greatly from 21.6% to 36.6% at 600 nm due to increasing orientation factor to 24.7% calculated from XRD data. Based on these data, it is found that the calculation results of theoretical model match well with the experiment results.

Key words: ZnO, birefringence, texture, transmittance

中图分类号:

TB321

林德宝, 范灵聪, 丁毛毛, 谢建军, 雷芳, 施鹰. 氧化锌透明陶瓷光学透过模型构建与实验验证[J]. 无机材料学报, 2019, 34(8): 851-856.

LIN De-Bao, FAN Ling-Cong, DING Mao-Mao, XIE Jian-Jun, LEI Fang, SHI Ying. Optical Transmittance Model Construction for ZnO Transparent Ceramic and Experimental Verification[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2019, 34(8): 851-856.

图/表 10

图1 光在晶粒间传输中光散射过程三种特殊情况简化模型

Fig. 1 Three special situations in simplified model of light transmission through intergranular

图2 以RGD散射模型计算不同晶粒尺寸ZnO陶瓷的直线透过率

Fig. 2 Variation of in-line transmission of ZnO ceramic calculated from the RGD scatting model from different grain sizes

图3 不同晶粒尺寸下ZnO陶瓷的直线透过率模拟计算结果与实际对比

Fig. 3 Comparation of in-line optical transmittance of ZnO ceramics with different grain sizes between calculated values from the RGD scattering model and ZnO samples by SPS processing

图4 在晶粒尺寸为(a) 2.65、(b) 1.72、(c) 0.76 和(d) 0.66 μm时ZnO陶瓷样品及其断面形貌

Fig. 4 Photographs of ZnO ceramics and corresponding fracture morphologies with grain sizes of (a) 2.65, (b) 1.72, (c) 0.76 and (d) 0.66 μm

表1 ZnO标准PDF卡片衍射峰位强度对比表

Table 1 Comparation of ZnO ceramics and standard pattern for ZnO measured by XRD (normalized intensity)

2θ/(°)	(hkl)	Intensity/%	Angel α with (001) plane/(°)	2θ/(°)	(hkl)	Intensity/%	Angel α with (001) plane/(°)
31.769	100	17.33	90	66.378	200	1.22	90
34.421	002	13.37	0	67.961	112	6.99	52.60
36.252	101	30.40	61.61	69.098	201	3.34	74.88
47.538	102	6.99	42.77	72.561	004	0.61	0
56.602	110	9.73	90	76.953	202	1.22	61.61
62.862	103	8.81	31.66

表2 ZnO标准PDF卡片衍射峰位对应角度计算假设

Table 2 Hypothesis calculation of standard pattern for ZnO

θ=90-α/(°)	0	30	45	60	90
θ=90-α/(°)	(<15)	(15-37.5)	(37.5-52.5)	(52.5-75)	(75-90)
sinθ	0	0.5	0.707	0.866	1
P₀	P₀₁(28.3%)	P₀₂(42.0%)	P₀₃(7.0%)	P₀₄(8.8%)	P₀₅(14.0%)

表3 不同织构度下ZnO织构化函数数值与织构度间的关系

Table 3 Hypothesis calculation of standard pattern for ZnO

θ/(°) f	0	30	45	60	90	μ(f)
θ/(°) f	(<15)	(15-37.5)	(37.5-52.5)	(52.5-75)	(75-90)	μ(f)
0	28.28%	41.95%	6.99%	8.81%	13.98%	0.4752
4.0%	31.13%	40.62%	5.69%	7.46%	15.09%	0.4588
9.2%	34.57%	43.65%	6.13%	5.58%	10.07%	0.4106
24.8%	46.62%	39.03%	4.34%	4.34%	5.67%	0.3201

图5 基于ZnO陶瓷织构化函数与织构度关系的数值模拟图

Fig. 5 Hypothesis calculation of scatting factor and orientation factor based on ZnO ceramic

图6 基于理论计算ZnO陶瓷织构度与光学透过率间的关系

Fig. 6 In-line optical transmittance curves of ZnO ceramic with different orientation factor based on theory computation

图7 不同织构度下ZnO陶瓷的直线透过率(600 nm处)模拟计算结果与实际SPS样品值对比

Fig. 7 Comparation of in-line optical transmittance of ZnO ceramics calculated from the RGD scattering model with orientation factor at 600 nm

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