Research Progress on In-situ Monitoring of Damage Behavior of SiCf/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composites at High Temperature Environments

doi:10.15541/jim20230581

Abstract

Abstract:

Continuous SiC fiber-reinforced SiC (SiC_f/SiC) composites possess high specific strength, high specific modulus, high-temperature resistance, and radiation resistance, making them suitable for applications in hot-end parts of advanced aero-engines and claddings of nuclear reactors. SiC_f/SiC composites are composed of fibers, interfaces and matrix, endowing them with complex multi-scale structural characteristics. These composites are designed to serve in harsh environment, and their damage and failure process are complex. A profound understanding and accurate analysis of damage and failure mechanisms of SiC_f/SiC composites under service environments are of great significance for the optimized design of materials and the reliable service of components. Traditional “post-mortem analysis” methods are incapable of acquiring data during the damage and failure process of materials under complex service environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop in-situ characterization techniques for composites under high-temperature service environments. This paper reviewed the principles, advantages, and limitations of in-situ monitoring methods based on scanning electron microscopy, digital image correlation, micro computational tomography, acoustic emission, and electrical resistance. It focused on the latest research progress in the high-temperature mechanical characterization of SiC_f/SiC composites using various in-situ monitoring methods and combinations thereof. It summarized the challenges in the in-situ monitoring technologies of SiC_f/SiC composites under high-temperature environments and provided a preliminary outlook on the future development directions, such as the combined use of multiple in-situ monitoring techniques, new detection technologies like terahertz radiation, and in-situ damage monitoring methods for complex components.

Key words: SiC_f/SiC composite, in-situ monitoring, digital image correlation, acoustic emission, micro computational tomography, review

CLC Number:

TB332

WU Xiaochen, ZHENG Ruixiao, LI Lu, MA Haolin, ZHAO Peihang, MA Chaoli. Research Progress on In-situ Monitoring of Damage Behavior of SiC_f/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composites at High Temperature Environments[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(6): 609-622.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 DIC strain measurement results of two-dimensional woven SiCf/SiC composites[18] (a) Distribution of surface strain field; (b) Demonstration of COD determination procedure; (c) Distribution of COD at different stress levels

Fig. 2 Full field strain maps of single-notched SiCf/SiC samples monotonically loaded in tension at room temperature, 1093, 1204 and 1315 ℃ showing crack propagation[25]

Fig. 3 Evolution process of fiber fracture in 2D-SiCf/SiC composites[31]

Fig. 4 Strain evolution of the micro-zone in weft yarn under tensile load in 2.5D-SiCf/SiC composites (a) Elevated-temperature in-situ micro-loading stage; (b) SEM equipment; (c) Distribution of speckles on the surface of the sample at the weft yarn; (d) Evolution process of strain cloud map in the microzone within the weft yarn of the composite specimen

Fig. 5 High-temperature in -situ Lab-μ-CT device developed by using a laboratory X-ray source[46] (a) Schematic diagram of the elevated-temperature in-situ μ-CT apparatus; (b) Schematic of the dynamic seal structure; (c) Schematic of the heating chamber with the specimen mounted in grips

Fig. 6 SR-μ-CT in -situ tensile/compression test rig to quantitatively analyze the internal matrix crack and damage evolution of SiCf/SiC composites under ultrahigh temperature[49] (a) Schematic illustration of in-situ ultrahigh temperature tensile test rig for synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography; (b) Sectional view of the heating chamber illustrating X-ray transmission path through the heating chamber and sample; (c) Schematic of the rig in transmission mode for X-ray computed tomography; (d, e) 3D volume-rendered µ-CT images from specimens tested at (d) room temperature and (e) 1750 ℃ at several applied tensile loads

Fig. 7 (a) Schematic diagram of AE, and typical AE waveform with main discriptors in (b) time domain and (c) frequency domain[59]

Fig. 8 (a) Instrumentation with waveguide rod during mechanical test on CMC at high temperature[59]and (b) schematic of the experimental set-up for cyclic heating and cooling tests and AE measurements using waveguide wire[68]

Fig. 9 In-situ AE monitoring results of 2D-SiCf/SiC composites at ambient temperature, high temperature tensile and high temperature fatigue (a) Placement of AE sensors at ambient temperature and high temperature; (b-e) Energy and cumulative energy-time diagrams after classification of AE signals (b) without and (c) with waveguides at ambient temperature tensile, and after classification of AE signals at 1350 ℃/air environment (d) tensile and (e) fatigue

Fig. 10 In-situ ER monitoring of high-temperature creep test at 1315 ℃[79] (a) Four-probe method for sample resistance wiring arrangement; (b) Arrangement of high-temperature creep equipment device; (c) Creep curve and corresponding resistance curve; (d) Physical principle diagram of resistance method for creep damage monitoring

Fig. 11 Radiation heating high-temperature experimental apparatus coupled with AE and ER in-situ monitoring devices[93]

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