Akermanite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: 3D Printing Using Polymer Precursor and Scaffold Properties

doi:10.15541/jim20220635

Abstract

Abstract:

Bioceramic scaffolds with excellent osteogenesis ability and degradation rate exhibit great potential in bone tissue engineering. Akermanite (Ca₂MgSi₂O₇) has attracted much attention due to its good mechanical property, biodegradability and enhanced bone repair ability. Here, akermanite (Ca₂MgSi₂O₇) scaffolds were fabricated by an extrusion-type 3D printing at room temperature and sintering under an inert atmosphere using printing slurry composed of a silicon resin as polymer precursor, and CaCO₃ and MgO as active fillers. Furthermore, the differences in structure, compressive strength, in vitro degradation, and biological properties among akermanite, larnite (Ca₂SiO₄) and forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) scaffolds were investigated. The results showed that the akermanite scaffold is similar to those of larnite and forsterite in 3D porous structure, and its compressive strength and degradation rate were between those of the larnite and forsterite scaffolds, but it showed a greater ability to stimulate osteogenic gene expression of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) than both larnite and forsterite scaffolds. Hence, such 3D printed akermanite scaffold possesses great potential for bone tissue engineering.

Key words: polymer precursor, 3D printing, bioceramics

CLC Number:

TQ174

SHI Zhe, LIU Weiye, ZHAI Dong, XIE Jianjun, ZHU Yufang. Akermanite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: 3D Printing Using Polymer Precursor and Scaffold Properties[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2023, 38(7): 763-770.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of the scaffolds with different Ca : Mg : Si ratio sintered at 1400 ℃

Fig. 2 SEM images of the surfaces of bioceramic scaffolds (a1, a2) C2S, (b1, b2) AKT and (c1, c2) M2S

Fig. 3 SEM images of the fracture surfaces of bioceramic scaffolds (a1-a3) C2S, (b1-b3) AKT and (c1-c3) M2S

Fig. 4 (a) Porosities and (b) compressive strengths of C2S, AKT and M2S bioceramic scaffolds *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001

Fig. 5 (a) Residual mass curves and (b) pH changes of C2S, AKT and M2S bioceramic scaffolds after soaking in Tris-HCl buffer for 21 d

Fig. 6 (a) Cell proliferation of culturing for 1, 3 and 7 d and (b) relative activity of alkaline phosphatase of rBMSCs culturing for 7 d on C2S, AKT and M2S bioceramic scaffolds, respectively *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001

Fig. 7 Related osteogenic gene expression of rBMSCs on C2S, AKT and M2S scaffolds after culturing for 7 d (a) OCN; (b) Runx-2; (c) OPN; (d) BSP; (e) Col-Ⅰ *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001

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