多尺度Bi0.6Sb0.4@C负极的碳热还原法制备及其储钠性能

doi:10.15541/jim20260258

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 合金化反应型负极材料具有高能量密度及适宜的氧化还原电位,然而,其充放电过程中巨大的体积膨胀易导致结构破坏,造成容量快速衰减。基于此,本文采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP)辅助溶胶凝胶法结合碳热还原制备了氮掺碳包覆的Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C片状复合材料。Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C由Bi-Sb合金纳米颗粒和氮掺杂的碳基底组成,形成的多级结构可缩短Na⁺扩散距离,提高电子传输能力,并缓解合金化/脱合金化过程中的体积应变。Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C负极表现出优异的储钠性能,在0.5 A·g^-1电流密度下循环1500次后仍保持269.46 mAh·g^-1的可逆容量,在2 A·g^-1高倍率下仍具有 347.29 mAh·g^-1 的放电容量。优异的性能可归因于Bi-Sb合金与碳包覆层的协同作用：Bi/Sb双金属合金化储钠机制改善了反应动力学性能和稳定性,而氮掺杂碳片框架构建了连续电子传输网络并缓解了循环过程中的体积变化。本研究为构筑高性能合金化反应型钠离子电池负极材料提供了新的思路。

关键词: 钠离子电池, 负极材料, 铋锑合金, 碳包覆

Abstract: Alloying-type anodes have attracted widespread attention owing to their high energy density and suitable redox potential. However, However, its practical application is impeded by substantial volume expansion during repeated charge/discharge cycling, which inevitably induces severe structural degradation and leads to rapid capacity decay. To address this issue, herein, N-doped carbon-encapsulated Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C composite sheets were synthesized via a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-assisted Sol-Gel method followed by carbothermal reduction. The Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C architecture consists of Bi-Sb alloy nanoparticles uniformly anchored in the nitrogen-doped carbon framework. This hierarchical structure effectively shortens Na⁺ diffusion pathways, enhances electronic conductivity, and mitigates volumetric strain during alloying/dealloying reactions. Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C anode achieved outstanding Na⁺-storage performance delivering a reversible capacity of 269.46 mAh·g^-1 after 1500 cycles at 0.5 A·g^-1, and retaining a high discharge capacity of 347.29 mAh·g^-1 even at a high current density of 2 A·g^-1. The superior electrochemical behavior is attributed to the synergistic interaction between the Bi-Sb alloy and the nitrogen-doped carbon framework. The Bi-Sb alloy endows the electrode with accelerated reaction kinetics and enhanced structural stability, while the N-doped carbon nanosheet framework constructs a continuous conductive network and efficiently buffers the volume variation during cycling. This work offers a feasible design strategy for high-performance alloying-type anodes toward advanced sodium-ion batteries.

Key words: sodium-ion battery, Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C, anode material, carbon framework

中图分类号:

TQ152

李清清, 叶诗滢, 孙化鹏, 霍延平, 许希军. 多尺度Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C负极的碳热还原法制备及其储钠性能[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260258.

LI Qingqing, YE Shiying, SUN Huapeng, HUO Yanping, XU Xijun. Hierarchical Bi_0.6Sb_0.4@C Sheets: Carbothermal Synthesis and Performance as Anode for Superior Sodium-ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260258.

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