无机材料学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 563-574.DOI: 10.15541/jim20240520

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

铅基织构压电陶瓷研究进展

吴琼1(), 沈炳林2, 张茂华2, 姚方周2, 邢志鹏1, 王轲1()   

  1. 1.清华大学 材料学院, 新型陶瓷材料全国重点实验室, 北京 100084
    2.乌镇实验室, 嘉兴 314500
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-16 修回日期:2025-02-14 出版日期:2025-06-20 网络出版日期:2025-02-19
  • 通讯作者: 王 轲, 研究员. E-mail: wang-ke@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:吴 琼(1993-), 男, 博士. E-mail: wu-qiong@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52421001);国家自然科学基金(52325204)

Research Progress on Lead-based Textured Piezoelectric Ceramics

WU Qiong1(), SHEN Binglin2, ZHANG Maohua2, YAO Fangzhou2, XING Zhipeng1, WANG Ke1()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of New Ceramic Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    2. Wuzhen Laboratory, Jiaxing 314500, China
  • Received:2024-12-16 Revised:2025-02-14 Published:2025-06-20 Online:2025-02-19
  • Contact: WANG Ke, professor. E-mail: wang-ke@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • About author:WU Qiong (1993-), male, PhD. E-mail: wu-qiong@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52421001);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52325204)

摘要:

铅基织构压电陶瓷因其制备成本远低于单晶且性能显著高于非织构压电陶瓷, 被视为最有潜力的锆钛酸铅多晶陶瓷替代者, 成为近年来材料领域的重点研究课题。基于过去数十年的研究进展, 本文详细介绍了铅基织构压电陶瓷的生长原理与表征方法、模板的制备工艺与铅基织构压电陶瓷制备过程中的关键工艺, 进而全面汇总了具有代表性的铅基织构压电陶瓷研究成果, 讨论了不同改进策略的特点。从材料配方的角度来看, 三元体系与二元体系织构压电陶瓷的各组分比例通常选择在相界处, 使各极性态在外电场下较易翻转, 进而获得高压电系数(d33)。虽然两种体系的d33接近, 但三元体系的居里温度普遍高于二元体系, 体现出更高的应用价值。从烧结等制备工艺的角度看, 添加助烧剂可以显著促进晶粒定向生长, 后退火处理可以消除晶界和孔洞缺陷内的杂相, 淬火处理可以使电偶极子从无序状态中固定。这些改善工艺都显著增强了铅基织构压电陶瓷的性能。最后, 本文分析了目前存在的问题与发展的挑战, 认为模板与基体材料的晶格参数和B位离子价态的差异是限制铅基织构压电陶瓷性能提升的主要原因, 针对不同基体材料定制匹配性好的模板将有助于进一步改善其性能。

关键词: 织构压电陶瓷, 钛酸钡模板, 晶粒取向, 晶格失配, 相界, 综述

Abstract:

Lead-based textured piezoelectric ceramics have significantly lower production costs compared to single crystals with performance that notably exceeds that of non-textured ones. They are regarded as the most promising alternative to lead zirconate titanate polycrystalline ceramics and have emerged as a key research topic in the materials science field in recent years. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the growth principles and characterization methods for lead-based textured piezoelectric ceramics, including the preparation processes for templates, and the essential steps involved in production of these ceramics. Then, it summarizes representative research findings on lead-based textured piezoelectric ceramics and systemizes various improvement strategies. From the perspective of material formulation, the component ratios of ternary and binary system textured piezoelectric ceramics are typically chosen at the phase boundary to ease flipping of polar states under an external electric field, thereby achieving a high piezoelectric coefficient (d33). Both systems exhibit similar d33, but Curie temperature of the ternary system is generally higher than that of the binary system, indicating greater application potential. From the perspective of preparation processes, the addition of sintering aids can significantly promote oriented growth of grains and post-annealing can eliminate impurities at grain boundaries and void defects. Moreover, quenching can freeze the electric dipoles from a disordered state. These improvements in processing have significantly enhanced the performance of lead-based textured piezoelectric ceramics. Finally, this paper analyzes the current issues and developmental challenges, concluding that differences in lattice parameters and valence states of B-site ions between the template and the matrix material are the primary factors limiting the performance of lead-based textured piezoelectric ceramics. Customizing templates that match well with different matrix materials will further improve their performance.

Key words: textured piezoelectric ceramic, BaTiO3 template, grain orientation, lattice mismatch, phase boundary, review

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