微纳米生物活性玻璃: 功能化设计与血管化皮肤再生

doi:10.15541/jim20240541

无机材料学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 921-932.DOI: 10.15541/jim20240541 CSTR: 32189.14.jim20240541

所属专题：【生物材料】软组织再生无机材料(202512)

• 综述 • 上一篇

微纳米生物活性玻璃: 功能化设计与血管化皮肤再生

艾敏慧¹(), 雷波¹^,²^,³()

1.西安交通大学前沿科学技术研究院, 陕西省颅颌面精准医学研究重点实验室, 西安 710049
2.西安交通大学金属材料强度全国重点实验室, 陕西省颅颌面精准医学研究重点实验室, 西安 710049
3.西安交通大学附属口腔医院, 陕西省颅颌面精准医学研究重点实验室, 西安 710049

收稿日期:2024-12-27 修回日期:2025-02-08 出版日期:2025-08-20 网络出版日期:2025-03-19
通讯作者: 雷波, 教授. E-mail: rayboo@xjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:艾敏慧(2000-), 女, 硕士研究生. E-mail: Aiminhui1023@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52172288);国家自然科学基金(52302354);国家自然科学基金(52411540232)

Micro-nanoscale Bioactive Glass: Functionalized Design and Angiogenic Skin Regeneration

AI Minhui¹(), LEI Bo¹^,²^,³()

1. Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
2. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
3. Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China

Received:2024-12-27 Revised:2025-02-08 Published:2025-08-20 Online:2025-03-19
Contact: LEI Bo, professor. E-mail: rayboo@xjtu.edu.cn
About author:AI Minhui (2000-), female, Master candidate. E-mail: Aiminhui1023@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172288);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52302354);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52411540232)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物活性玻璃(BG)材料是一类重要的非晶态无机医用材料, 在硬组织修复领域临床应用多年, 表现出独特的组织修复活性。近年研究发现, BG在促进软组织修复方面也表现出有效的修复活性, 具有重要的应用价值。与传统BG相比, 微纳米生物活性玻璃(MNBG)具有独特的微纳米结构, 不仅保留了传统BG优良的化学组成, 而且具有更大的比表面积和更高的反应活性, 在促进血管化皮肤修复再生方面表现出重要的应用潜力。本文重点讨论了MNBG在调控血管化及皮肤再生方面的研究进展, 主要包括MNBG促进血管化的能力, 调控免疫细胞的功能, 以及抗氧化、抗炎和抗菌性能, 这些特性使得MNBG能够有效刺激血管形成, 同时降低炎症反应, 抑制细菌感染, 从而促进伤口愈合和组织修复。进一步总结了MNBG在皮肤创面血管化和修复方面的重要研究进展, 并对MNBG目前皮肤创面修复应用中存在的问题和未来的研究方向提出了相应的建议, 以期推动MNBG在皮肤修复领域中的应用转化。

关键词: 微纳米生物活性玻璃, 血管化, 皮肤再生, 生物活性材料, 综述

Abstract:

Bioactive glass (BG) is an important class of amorphous inorganic biomaterials, which has been clinically used in hard tissue repair for many years, exhibiting unique tissue repair activity. Recent studies have found that BG also shows effective repair activity in soft tissue, demonstrating significant application potential. Compared with traditional BG, micro-nanoscale bioactive glass (MNBG) has a unique micro-nano structure, which not only retains its excellent chemical composition but also has a larger specific surface area and higher reactivity. These special structures and properties enable MNBG to exhibit significant application potential in promoting vascularization and skin repair/regeneration. This work focuses on the research progress of MNBG in regulating vascularization and skin regeneration, including the abilities of MNBG to promote vascularization and regulate immune cell function, as well as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. These characteristics enable MNBG to effectively stimulate blood vessel formation, reduce inflammation, and inhibit bacterial infection, thus promoting wound healing and tissue repair. This paper summarizes the key research on the role of MNBG in vascularization and skin wound repair and offers recommendations on the existing issues and future research directions in the application of MNBG in skin wound repair, aiming to promote the application transformation of MNBG in the field of skin repair.

Key words: micro-nanoscale bioactive glass, vascularization, skin regeneration, bioactive material, review

中图分类号:

TQ171

艾敏慧, 雷波. 微纳米生物活性玻璃: 功能化设计与血管化皮肤再生[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(8): 921-932.

AI Minhui, LEI Bo. Micro-nanoscale Bioactive Glass: Functionalized Design and Angiogenic Skin Regeneration[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(8): 921-932.

图/表 11

图2 CD40-CD40L相互作用机制[10]

Fig. 2 CD40-CD40L interaction mechanism[10] CD40L: CD40 ligand; ICAM-1: intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1

表1 MNBG在创面修复过程中对血管化的调控[19-22]

Table 1 Regulations of MNBG on angiogenesis during wound healing[19-22]

MNBG	Modulation of vascularization pattern	Ref.
Melt derived bioactive glass compositions	Degradation to release silicate ions to stimulate cell expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF	[19]
BG/polydopamine electrostatically spun scaffolds	Promoting HUVECs expression of e-NOS, VEGF and angiogenic differentiation	[20]
BG ointment with nanostructures	Promoting VEGF and FGF2 expression in the wound, resulting in a faster rate of granulation tissue formation and increased amounts of neovascularization and capillaries in the granulation	[21]
Polyglycolic acid/BG composite scaffolds	Promoting VEGF release from fibroblasts, myocytes, hepatocytes, and neurons under hypoxic conditions	[22]

图3 不同支架(PM、PDA/PM和BG/PDA/PM)对HUVECs成血管的影响[20]

Fig. 3 Effect of different scaffolds (PM, PDA/PM and BG/PDA/PM) on angiogenesis in HUVECs[20] (a) Representative images for angiogenesis analysis; (b, c) Quantified node counts (b) and tube lengths (c); (d-g) Expressions of KDR (d), VEGF (e), e-NOS (f), and Flt-1 (g) in HUVECs cultured on composite scaffolds at 7 d (*: p<0.05; **: p<0.01; ***: p<0.001)

图4 大鼠的伤口愈合时间和愈合率[24]

Fig. 4 Wound healing time and healing rate in rats[24] (a, b) Wound healing time in diabetic rats (a) and normal rats (b); (c, d) Wound healing rate in diabetic rats (c) normal rats (d) (n=8)

图5 Si和TBHQ处理的DPPH自由基清除能力[55]

Fig. 5 DPPH free radical scavenging capacity of silicon and TBHQ treatments[55] TBHQ: tert-butyl hydroquinone; DPPH: 2,2-iphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitro- phenyl)hydrazyl

图6 BNGI和Na2SiO3·5H2O的抗氧化作用[56]

Fig. 6 Antioxidant effects of BNGI and Na2SiO3·5H2O[56] (a) ROS staining of macrophages stained with dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) for 15 min to reflect ROS expression (green) after 1/6 BGNI treatment or 33, 100, and 300 mg/L Na2SiO3·5H2O addition for 2 d; (b) Quantitative analysis of relative fluorescence intensity measured using Image J (n=3, p<0.01 compared to LPS group); (c) Scavenging efficiency of 2,2'-biaminobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) of BNGI and Na2SiO3·5H2O in different concentrations based on the optical density values at 734 nm after 10 min incubation with ABTS reagent; (d) Fluorescent images of control, 1/6 BNGI or 33 and 100 mg/L Na2SiO3·5H2O pretreated for 2 d HUVECs after 8 h for angiogenic capacity analysis

图7 CSP@BG微球的抗氧化活性[59]

Fig. 7 Antioxidant activity of CSP@BG microspheres[59] (a) H2O2 scavenging percentage; (b) UV-Vis spectra of H2O2; (c) ·OH scavenging percentage; (d) UV-Vis spectra of OH. **: p<0.01

图8 BaBG和45S5对C6细胞因子表达水平的影响[65]

Fig. 8 Effect of BaBG and 45S5 on cytokine expression levels in C6 cells[65] IL-6: Interleukin-6; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-10: Interleukin-10

图9 Ce-MBGNs对TNF-α (a)和IL-1β (b)分泌量的影响[67]

Fig. 9 Effect of Ce-MBGNs on the production of TNF-α (a) and IL-1β (b)[67] TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1β: Interleukin-1β

图10 MBGNP对不同细菌的抗菌效果[75]

Fig. 10 Antimicrobial effect of MBGNP on different bacterias[75] (a) S. aureus (Gram-positive); (b) E. coli (Gram-negative) (n=3, *: p<0.05)

表2 MNBG促进血管化皮肤修复机制

Table 2 Mechanism of MNBG for vascularized skin repair

Biological function	Material composition	Mode of action	Ref.
Pro-vascularization	PGA/BGN	Promotion of VEGF expression in fibroblasts	[22]
	BGN	Promotion of VEGF release from fibroblasts	[36]
	MNBGN	Particle size in the range of 0.5-0.8 mm promoting VEGF expression	[37]
Immune cell modulation	BGN	Promoting chemotactic migration of neutrophils	[12]
	Zn-Mn- BGN	Mn and Si ions regulating M2 polarization in macrophages	[13]
	Zn-BGN	Negative regulation of NF-κB signal	[15]
	Cu-Zn-BBGN	Immunomodulation of DC viability	[51]
Antioxidation	BGN	Si scavenging activity on ROS	[60]
Antioxidation	Ce-MBGNs/CS	Scavenging activity on H₂O₂	[59]
Anti-inflammatory	Ba-BGN	Elevation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10	[65]
Anti-inflammatory	Ce-MBGNs	Decreasing expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β	[67]
Antimicrobial	BGN	High pH and alkaline ions enhancing antimicrobial activity	[69]
	BGN	58S and 63S for broad-spectrum antibacterial	[71]
	Ce-MBGNs	Mesoporous structure promoting antimicrobial activity	[75]
	Cu-MBGNs	Broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect of Cu	[78]

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微纳米生物活性玻璃: 功能化设计与血管化皮肤再生

Micro-nanoscale Bioactive Glass: Functionalized Design and Angiogenic Skin Regeneration

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