玻璃空间电离辐照着色研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2012.00411

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对几种玻璃(K9-HL玻璃、JGS3石英玻璃、K509玻璃以及JGS1石英玻璃)在电离辐照(质子、电子)作用下的光学稳定性进行了系统研究, 并以此为基础, 通过空间电离辐照在玻璃作用的模拟计算, 对这几种玻璃在轨(近地点350 km, 远地点425 km, 轨道倾角51.6^o)光学寿命进行了预测. 在该轨道使用10年时, K9-HL玻璃可见光透过率可能出现明显下降, 而JGS3石英玻璃、K509玻璃以及JGS1石英玻璃的可见光透过率保持不变或变化很小. 由于绝大多数空间粒子穿透能力小, 空间电离辐照仅能造成玻璃表层的着色. 因此, 长期在轨航天器舷窗可加一防电离辐照层以减少内层玻璃接受的电离辐照量, 而该层玻璃可采用石英玻璃.

关键词: 玻璃, 空间电离辐照, 吸收剂量, 着色

Abstract:

The optical stabilities of several glasses (K9-HL glass, JGS3 silica glass, K509 glass and JGS1 silica glass) under conditions of ionizing radiation (proton flux, electron flux) were studied. Additionally, using the simulation results of space ionizing radiation by SPENVIS and CRÈME-MC, optical lives of these four glasses serving in a given orbital (perigee 350 km, apogee 425 km, orbital inclination 51.6^o) were analysed. It can be found that being used for more than 10 years in this given orbital, the optical transmission of the K9-HL glass evidently decreased, while the optical transmission of the other three glasses (JGS3 silica glass, K509 glass and JGS1 silica glass) didn’t change or changed a little and they can serve as good optical materials in the given space orbital. Because most of the space particles (ionizing radiation) can be effectively inhibited or absorbed in some penetration depth of the glass, the space ionizing radiation can only color a surface layer of the glass, as a result, an anti-radiation glass layer can be put outside the window of a long duration spacecraft in order to reduce ionizing irradiation, and the layer can be made of silica glass.

Key words: glass, space ionizing radiation, absorbed dose, coloration

中图分类号:

TB321

杜继实, 吴洁华, 赵丽丽, 宋力昕. 玻璃空间电离辐照着色研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2012, 27(4): 411-416.

DU Ji-Shi, WU Jie-Hua, ZHAO Li-Li, SONG Li-Xin. Coloration of Glasses Induced by Space Ionizing Radiation[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2012, 27(4): 411-416.

图/表 9

图1 K9-HL玻璃、JGS3石英玻璃接受10 MeV质子辐照前后的光学透过率曲线

Fig. 1 Transmission of K9-HL glass, JGS3 silica glass before and after 10 MeV proton irradiation (Thickness: 10 mm)

图2 K9-HL玻璃、JGS3石英玻璃经4×1012 electron/cm2的1.85 MeV电子辐照前后的光学透过率曲线

Fig. 2 Transmission of K9-HL glass, JGS3 silica glass before and after 4×1012 electron/cm2 1.85 MeV electron irradiation (Thickness: 10 mm)

图3 K509玻璃、JGS1石英玻璃经1012 proton/cm2的10 MeV质子、4×1012 electron/cm2的1.85 MeV电子辐照前后的光学透过率曲线 (Thickness of all the K509 glasses: 10 mm; thickness of all the JGS1 silica glasses: 12 mm)

Fig. 3 Transmission Spectra of K509 glass, JGS1 silica glass before and after 1012 proton/cm2 10 MeV proton or 4×1012 electron/cm2 1.85 MeV electron irradiation

图4 K9-HL玻璃经1.85 MeV电子辐照后的纵截面照片(电子从上向下垂直入射, 受拍摄条件的限制, 图中阴影部分仅反映玻璃着色深度的相对变化趋势, 样品厚度10 mm, 拍摄采用1200万像素数码相机)

Fig. 4 Picture of the K9-HL glass’s cross section which was irradiated by 4×1012 electron/cm2 1.85 MeV electron

图5 近地点350 km、远地点425 km、轨道倾角51.6o轨道各类粒子全方位注量率

Fig. 5 Particles’ omnidirectional fluence rate in the orbital of perigee 350 km, apogee 425 km, orbital inclination 51.6o

Table 1 Measured to predicted electron absorbed dose ratio based on satellite data and AE8 trapped electron model[12-13]

Inclination /(o)	Altitude /km	Measured/AE8
<40	<750	2-10, or larger
<40	750-2000	2-10
>40	300-750	0.5-1.5
>40	750-2000	1-2

图6 MULASSIS模拟的1012 proton/cm2的10 MeV质子、20年的特征轨道地球磁场捕获质子、4×1012 electron/cm2的1.85MeV电子、20年的特征轨道地球磁场捕获电子在石英玻璃中吸收剂量随深度的变化曲线

Fig. 6 MULASSIS simulated absorbed dose curves of 1012 proton/cm2 10 MeV proton, 20-year trapped proton in the given orbital, 4×1012 electron/cm2 1.85 MeV electron and 20-years trapped electron in the given orbital with depth in the silica glass

图7 MULASSIS模拟的地球磁场束缚粒子经过10 mm石英玻璃吸收后的注量率

Fig. 7 MULASSIS simulated fluence rates of trapped particles after 10 mm silica glass shielding

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