泛氢燃料质子导体固体氧化物燃料电池研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20250132

无机材料学报

• •

泛氢燃料质子导体固体氧化物燃料电池研究进展

薛子轩^1,2, 殷超凡^1,2, 姚跃超², 王彦敏^2,3, 孙跃跃¹, 刘峥嵘¹, 周玉存², 周峻¹, 吴锴¹

1.西安交通大学, 电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室, 西安 710049;
2.北京怀柔实验室, 北京 101400;
3.北京科技大学, 新材料技术研究院,北京 100083

收稿日期:2025-03-29 修回日期:2025-06-04
通讯作者: 周玉存, 研究员. E-mail: zhouyucun@hrl.ac.cn; 周峻, 副教授. E-mail: zhoujun@mail.xitu.edu.cn
作者简介:薛子轩(1996-), 男, 博士研究生. E-mail: xuezixuanx@hotmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52377212); 北京怀柔实验室项目(ZD2022006A); 陕西省重点研发计划(2023-YBGY-057)

Research Progress of Proton Conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Hydrogen-Containing Fuel

XUE Zixuan^1,2, YIN Chaofan^1,2, YAO Yuechao², WANG Yanmin^2,3, SUN Yueyue¹, LIU Zhengrong¹, ZHOU Yucun², ZHOU Jun¹, WU Kai¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation of Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;
2. Beijing Huairou Laboratory, Beijing 101400, China;
3. Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2025-03-29 Revised:2025-06-04
Contact: ZHOU Yucun, professor. E-mail: zhouyucun@hrl.ac.cn; ZHOU Jun, associate professor. E-mail: zhoujun@mail.xitu.edu.cn
About author:XUE Zixuan(1996-), male, PhD candidate. E-mail: xuezixuanx@hotmail.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52377212); Program of Beijing Huairou Laboratory (ZD2022006A); Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province (2023-YBGY-057)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在全球能源结构转型与碳中和目标驱动下,质子传导型固体氧化物燃料电池(Proton-conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, P-SOFCs)兼具中低温高效发电(400~600 ℃)、出色的燃料兼容性与高能量转换效率的优势,成为清洁能源技术的研究热点。本文分析了泛氢燃料P-SOFCs的发展前景,围绕泛氢燃料电池技术瓶颈,聚焦材料设计、反应机制以及表征手段三个核心维度,综述了碳氢燃料与氨燃料P-SOFCs体系的研究进展与技术挑战。针对碳氢燃料电池碳沉积问题,深入探讨了碳沉积的形成机理、碳沉积表征手段以及碳沉积影响因素,指出重整催化剂改性、质子导体电解质优化和新型电极设计等前沿改进策略;针对直接氨燃料电池性能问题,系统阐述了催化剂活性、载体种类、氮化腐蚀机制、氢分压、氨气流量以及阳极微结构等关键影响因素,根据直接氨燃料电池的前沿工作,总结了阳极改性、阳极催化层以及新型电池结构设计等新型改进策略,为推动泛氢燃料P-SOFCs商业化应用指明未来发展方向。

关键词: 固体氧化物燃料电池, 质子导体, 碳氢燃料, 氨气, 综述

Abstract: Driven by global energy transition and carbon neutrality goals, Proton-conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (P-SOFCs) have become a research hotspot in clean energy technology due to their advantages of efficient medium-to-low temperature power generation (400-600 ℃), excellent fuel compatibility, and high energy conversion efficiency. This review analyzes the development prospects of hydrogen-containing fuel P-SOFCs. Addressing key technological bottlenecks, this review focuses on three core dimensions including material design, reaction mechanisms, and characterization techniques to summarize research progress and technical challenges in hydrocarbon-fueled and ammonia-fueled P-SOFCs systems. For hydrocarbon-fueled P-SOFCs, the carbon deposition issue is thoroughly examined. The formation mechanisms, characterization methods, and influencing factors on carbon deposition are discussed in depth. Advanced improvement strategies are highlighted, including modification of reforming catalysts, optimization of proton-conducting electrolytes, and novel design of electrodes. Regarding direct ammonia fuel cells (DAFCs), challenges related to insufficient anode durability are addressed. Critical influencing factors are identified as catalyst activity, support types, nitridation corrosion mechanisms, hydrogen partial pressure, ammonia flow rate, and anode microstructure. Based on cutting-edge research, novel improvement strategies, such as anode modification, optimization of anode catalytic layers, and innovative cell structure designs, are summarized. This review outlines future development directions to advance the commercialization of hydrogen-containing fuel P-SOFCs.

Key words: solid oxide fuel cell, proton conductor, hydrocarbon fuel, ammonia, review

中图分类号:

TK91

薛子轩, 殷超凡, 姚跃超, 王彦敏, 孙跃跃, 刘峥嵘, 周玉存, 周峻, 吴锴. 泛氢燃料质子导体固体氧化物燃料电池研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250132.

XUE Zixuan, YIN Chaofan, YAO Yuechao, WANG Yanmin, SUN Yueyue, LIU Zhengrong, ZHOU Yucun, ZHOU Jun, WU Kai. Research Progress of Proton Conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Hydrogen-Containing Fuel[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250132.

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泛氢燃料质子导体固体氧化物燃料电池研究进展

Research Progress of Proton Conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Hydrogen-Containing Fuel

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