近球状钼酸镍/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其赝电容性能

doi:10.15541/jim20170442

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以硝酸镍、钼酸钠和多壁碳纳米管为原料, 通过水热反应法制备了钼酸镍/多壁碳纳米管(NiMoO₄/MWCNTs)复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱和X射线衍射对材料组成和形貌进行表征。结果表明: MWCNTs 很好地包覆在球状NiMoO₄外表面, 且各元素均匀地分布在材料中。循环伏安和电化学阻抗实验证实MWCNTs显著增强了NiMoO₄的氧化还原信号和电荷转移动力学特性。电容测试实验进一步表明, 复合材料较NiMoO₄单一材料具有更高的比电容、倍率特性及循环稳定性, 且当MWCNT含量为40 mg时, 所得产物(NiMoO₄/MWCNTs-40)具有最佳的电化学性能。电流密度为2 A/g时, NiMoO₄/MWCNTs-40复合材料的比电容高达1071 F/g; 当电流密度增大到10 A/g时, 比电容仍能保持原来的66.10%。在10 A/g的电流密度下, 经过2500次循环充放电后, NiMoO₄/ MWCNTs-40复合材料的比电容保持率高达95.85%, 表明该材料具有出色的循环稳定性。

关键词: 钼酸镍, 多壁碳纳米管, 复合材料, 超级电容器

Abstract:

A novel nickel molybdate/mutiwalled carbon nanotubes (NiMoO₄/MWCNTs) composite was synthesized by hydrothermal method using nickel nitrate, sodium molybdate and MWCNTs as raw materials, and the product was characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, energy dispersive spectra, and X-ray diffraction spectra. The scanning electron microscopy results showed that pseudo-spherical NiMoO₄ was wrapped with MWCNTs and all elements were uniformly distributed in the material. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectra revealed that the presence of MWCNTs greatly improved the redox signal and electron transfer kinetics of NiMoO₄. The capacitance tests further indicated that the composite presented better specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycling stability than the single-component of NiMoO₄, and with a MWCNTs content of 40 mg the composite (NiMoO₄/MWCNTs-40) displayed the best electrochemical performance. At the current density of 2 A/g, the NiMoO₄/MWCNTs-40 composite demonstrated a remarkable specific capacitance of 1071 F/g; while current density was increased to 10 A/g and the capacitance still remained 66.10%. Cyclic stability experiment revealed that the NiMoO₄/MWCNTs-40 composite retained 95.85% of its initial specific capacitance after 2500 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 10 A/g, exhibiting prominent electrochemical stability.

Key words: nickel molybdate, mutiwalled carbon nanotubes, composite, supercapacitor

中图分类号:

TM535

刘甜甜, 王庆华, 刘希莉, 高凤, 汪庆祥. 近球状钼酸镍/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其赝电容性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(7): 735-740.

LIU Tian-Tian, WANG Qing-Hua, LIU Xi-Li, GAO Feng, WANG Qing-Xiang. Synthesis and Pseudocapacitive Behavior of Nickel Molybdate/Mutiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Composite[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(7): 735-740.

图/表 5

图1 (a)~(b) NiMoO4和(c)~(d) NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40在不同分辨率下的扫描电镜照片

Fig. 1 SEM images of (a, b) NiMoO4 and (c, d) NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40 at different resolution

图2 (a)~(e) NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40的EDS Mapping图; (f) 不同MWCNTs含量的NiMoO4/MWCNTs复合材料的XRD 图谱

Fig. 2 (a-e) EDS mapping images of NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40; (f) XRD patterns of NiMoO4/MWCNTs with different amounts of MWCNTs

图3 NiMoO4和NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40 的交流阻抗图谱, 内插图为(a)高频放大图和(b)等效电路图

Fig. 3 EIS spectra of NiMoO4 and NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40 with the inset showing (a) amplified portion of the high frequency region and (b) simulated model for nyquist plots

图4 NiMoO4和不同MWCNTs含量的NiMoO4/MWCNTs复合材料的(a)循环伏安图(40 mV/s)和(b)恒流充放电图 (2 A/g), 插图为电容与MWCNTs含量关系图

Fig. 4 (a) CV curves (40 mV/s) and (b) GCD curves (2 A/g) of NiMoO4 and NiMoO4/MWCNTs composites with different contents of MWCNTs with inset showing the relationship between capacitance and MWCNTs contents

图5 NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40复合材料在(a)不同扫速下的循环伏安图和(b)不同电流密度下的恒电流充放电图; NiMoO4和NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40材料在(c)不同电流密度下的比容量对比图和(d)电流密度10 A/g时的循环稳定性曲线

Fig. 5 (a) CV curves and (b) GCD curves of NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40, (c) GCD specific capacitances of NiMoO4 and NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40 at different current densities and (d) cycling stability of NiMoO4 and NiMoO4/MWCNTs-40 at the current density of 10 A/g

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