高性能MXenes纳米复合材料研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20230306

无机材料学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 153-161.DOI: 10.15541/jim20230306 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20230306

所属专题：【信息功能】敏感陶瓷（202409）；【信息功能】MAX层状材料、MXene及其他二维材料(202409)

高性能MXenes纳米复合材料研究进展

李雷¹(), 程群峰¹^,²^,³()

1.北京航空航天大学化学学院, 仿生智能界面科学与技术教育部重点实验室, 北京 100191
2.中国科学技术大学化学与材料科学学院, 合肥 230026
3.中国科学技术大学苏州高等研究院, 苏州 215123

收稿日期:2023-07-05 修回日期:2023-08-07 出版日期:2023-08-31 网络出版日期:2023-08-31
通讯作者: 程群峰, 教授. E-mail: cheng@buaa.edu.cn
作者简介:李雷(1995-), 男, 博士研究生. E-mail: lilei9512@buaa.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFA0715700);国家杰出青年科学基金(52125302);国家自然科学基金(22075009);111引智计划(B14009)

Recent Advances in the High Performance MXenes Nanocomposites

LI Lei¹(), CHENG Qunfeng¹^,²^,³()

1. Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
2. School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
3. Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China

Received:2023-07-05 Revised:2023-08-07 Published:2023-08-31 Online:2023-08-31
Contact: CHENG Qunfeng, professor. E-mail: cheng@buaa.edu.cn
About author:LI Lei (1995-), male, PhD candidate. E-mail: lilei9512@buaa.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0715700);The National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(52125302);National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075009);111 Project(B14009)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

二维过渡金属碳/氮化物(MXenes)以其优异的力学和电学性能, 在多个领域展示出巨大的应用前景。近年来, 高性能MXenes纳米复合材料(包括一维纤维、二维薄膜和三维块体)的研究取得了显著进展, 但其力学性能仍远低于MXenes纳米材料的本征力学性能, 这主要归因于MXenes纳米复合材料中存在的孔隙缺陷、MXenes纳米片取向度低以及界面相互作用弱等关键科学问题。针对上述问题, 本文首先讨论了MXenes纳米材料的本征力学性能, 总结讨论了不同类型高性能MXenes纳米复合材料的发展历程, 并介绍了高性能MXenes纳米复合材料的最新研究进展, 包括如何消除孔隙缺陷、提高MXenes纳米片的取向度以及增强界面相互作用。同时, 介绍了高性能MXenes纳米复合材料在电热、热伪装、电磁屏蔽、传感以及储能等领域的应用。最后, 梳理了高性能MXenes纳米复合材料存在的挑战, 并展望了未来的发展方向。

关键词: MXenes, 纳米复合材料, 力学性能, 功能应用, 专题评述

Abstract:

Two-dimensional transition metal carbon/nitride MXenes show promising applications in various fields due to their remarkable electrical and mechanical properties. Recently, the research of high performance MXenes nanocomposites (including one-dimensional fibers, two-dimensional films and three-dimensional blocks) has made remarkable progress. However, the mechanical properties are still far lower than the intrinsic mechanical properties of MXenes nanosheets, mainly due to the key scientific problems of voids, misalignment of MXenes nanosheets and weak interfaces. In order to solve the above problems, the intrinsic mechanical properties of MXenes nanosheets are firstly discussed in this work, then the development of high performance MXenes nanocomposites are summarized, and the latest research progress of high performance MXenes nanocomposites is discussed in detail, including how to eliminate void, improve the orientation of MXene nanosheets and enhance the interface interaction. Meanwhile, the applications of high performance MXenes nanocomposites in the fields of electric heating, thermal camouflage, electromagnetic shielding, sensing and energy storage are introduced. Finally, the challenges and future development directions of high performance MXenes nanocomposites are proposed.

Key words: MXene, nanocomposite, mechanical property, function application, perspective

中图分类号:

TB33

李雷, 程群峰. 高性能MXenes纳米复合材料研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(2): 153-161.

LI Lei, CHENG Qunfeng. Recent Advances in the High Performance MXenes Nanocomposites[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(2): 153-161.

图/表 5

图1 MXenes的结构示意图及力学性能

Fig. 1 Structural diagram and mechanical properties of MXenes (a) Structure of MAX phases and their corresponding MXenes[6]; (b) Strain-stress curves of MXenes during tensile loading[8]; (c) Scheme of nanoindentation of a suspended Ti3C2Tx membrane with an AFM tip[9]; (d) Experimental indentation curves for monolayer and bilayer Ti3C2Tx membranes during loading[9]

图2 高性能MXenes纳米复合材料论文分析

Fig. 2 Paper analysis of high performance MXenes nanocomposites (a) Number of papers focused on MXene nanocomposites; (b) Proportion of MXene nanocomposites papers on mechanical properties (source: Web of Science, up to 2022-12-31)

图3 高性能MXenes纳米复合材料的发展历程

Fig. 3 Development of high performance MXenes nanocomposites

图4 高性能MXenes纳米复合材料的最新研究进展

Fig. 4 Recent advances in high performance MXenes nanocomposites (a) Fabrication of MGP-T fiber via continuous wet spinning and thermal drawing; (b) SEM cross-sections, (c) WAXS/SAXS patterns and (d) stress-strain curves of MGP-T fiber[27]; (e) Structural models of MXene and sequentially bridged MXene films; (f) Stress-strain curves of MXene and sequentially bridged MXene films[26]; (g) Schematic illustration of the assembly process through bidirectional freeze-casting to prepare conductive nacre; SEM images of (h) natural nacre and (i) conductive nacre; (j) Flexural stress as a function of flexural strain for the conductive, artificial, and natural nacre[16]

图5 高强度MXenes纳米复合材料的功能应用

Fig. 5 Functional applications of high strength MXenes nanocomposites (a) Photograph of several meters long MGP-T fibers; (b) Temperature-time curves of MGP-T fibers when applied DC voltage of 2-8 V; (c) Photographs of MGP-T fibers with different letter shapes when applied various DC voltage of 2-8 V[23]; (d) Photograph of sequentially densified MXene; (e) Mid-IR emissivity spectra and (f) IR photographs on a hot plate with a constant temperature of 100 ℃for LM and SDM films before and after storage for 10 d in humid air with 100% relative humidity[24]; (g) EMI SET of artificial and conductive nacre; (h) SET, SEA, and SER at 8.2 GHz of artificial nacre and conductive nacre; (i) Schematic illustration of the proposed EMI shielding mechanism of conductive nacre[14]

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高性能MXenes纳米复合材料研究进展

Recent Advances in the High Performance MXenes Nanocomposites

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