Fe2O3纳米纤维锂离子电池负极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

doi:10.15541/jim20170095

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Fe₂O₃具有理论比容量高和价格低廉等特点, 已成为锂离子电池负极材料的研究热点之一。实验以不同质量比PVP/FeCl₃溶液为前驱体, 静电纺丝技术制备PVP/FeCl₃纳米纤维并热处理, 得到不同直径的Fe₂O₃纳米纤维负极材料, 并以水热合成法制备了Fe₂O₃纳米颗粒。利用X射线衍射、热重、红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜和恒流充放电等测试手段对材料的物相、微观形貌和电化学性能进行表征。结果表明, Fe₂O₃纳米纤维比Fe₂O₃纳米颗粒表现出更优的电化学性能, 直径为160 nm的Fe₂O₃纳米纤维负极材料的倍率性能和循环性能最佳, 材料在0.1 A/g电流密度下的可逆容量为827.3 mAh/g;在2 A/g电流密度下70次循环放电比容量有439.1 mAh/g。

关键词: 三氧化二铁, 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维, 负极材料, 锂离子电池

Abstract:

Due to high theoretical specific capacity and low cost, Fe₂O₃has become an attractive research field in anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, by using PVP/FeCl₃ solutions with different concentrations as precursors, Fe₂O₃ nanofibers with different diameters were prepared by electrospinning technology and anneal treatment. In addition, Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method. The crystalline structure, morphology and electrochemical performances of the composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and charge-discharge tests. Results showed that Fe₂O₃ nanofibers has better electrochemical performance than Fe₂O₃nanoparticles. Fe₂O₃ nanofibers with diameter of 160 nm exhibited the highest rate and cycle performance as anode material in LIBs. It was found that the Fe₂O₃ electrode could deliver a discharge capacity of 827.3 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g current density and 439.1 mAh/g at 2 A/g after 70 cycles.

Key words: Fe₂O₃, nanofiber, electrospinning, anode material, lithium ion battery

中图分类号:

TQ174

蔡建信, 李志鹏, 李巍, 赵鹏飞, 杨震宇, 吁霁. Fe₂O₃纳米纤维锂离子电池负极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(3): 301-306.

CAI Jian-Xin, LI Zhi-Peng, LI Wei, ZHAO Peng-Fei, YANG Zhen-Yu, YU Ji. Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Fe₂O₃ Nanofibers as Anode Materials for LIBs[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(3): 301-306.

图/表 8

图1 (a)未煅烧的PVP/FeCl3纳米纤维及其在300~700℃温度下煅烧产物的FT-IR图谱和(b)PVP/FeCl3纳米纤维在300~700℃温度下煅烧产物和Fe2O3纳米颗粒的XRD图谱

Fig. 1 (a) FT-IR spectra of PVP/FeCl3(II) nanofibers and the products calcined from PVP/FeCl3(II) nanofibers at 300-700℃ and (b) XRD patterns of the products calcined from PVP/FeCl3(II) nanofibers and Fe2O3 nanoparticles at 300-700℃

图2 PVP纳米纤维和PVP/FeCl3纳米纤维的热失重曲线

Fig. 2 Thermogravimetric curves of PVP nanofibers and PVP/FeCl3 nanofibers

图3 (a, e)Fe2O3(I), (b, f)Fe2O3(II), (c, g)Fe2O3(III)纳米纤维和(d, h)Fe2O3纳米颗粒的SEM和TEM照片

Fig. 3 SEM and TEM images of (a, e) Fe2O3(I), (b, f) Fe2O3(II), (c, g) Fe2O3(III) nanofibers and (d, h) Fe2O3 nanoparticles

图4 Fe2O3(I)纳米纤维、Fe2O3(II)纳米纤维和Fe2O3(III)纳米纤维及Fe2O3纳米颗粒的倍率性能图

Fig. 4 Rate performance of Fe2O3(I) nanofibers, Fe2O3(II) nanofibers, Fe2O3(III) nanofibers, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles

图5 在2 A/g的电流密度下Fe2O3(I)纳米纤维和Fe2O3颗粒的循环曲线以及Fe2O3(I)纳米纤维的库伦效率图

Fig. 5 Cycling performance and coulombic efficiency of Fe2O3(I) nanofibers and Fe2O3 particles at 2 A/g

图6 Fe2O3(I)纳米纤维在0~3.00 V电压范围内, 0.1 A/g电流密度下的充放电曲线图

Fig. 6 Discharge-charge curves of Fe2O3 (I) nanofibers at 0.1 A/g in the potential range of 0-3.00 V

图7 样品的电化学阻抗谱图

Fig. 7 Electrochemical impedance spectra of the samples

图8 Fe2O3(I)纳米纤维材料在0~3.00 V电压范围内, 0.1 mV/s的扫描速率下前五个循环伏安曲线

Fig. 8 CV curves of Fe2O3(I) nanofibers at 0.1 mV/s rate in the potential range of 0-3.00 V

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Fe₂O₃纳米纤维锂离子电池负极材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Fe₂O₃ Nanofibers as Anode Materials for LIBs

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