Development and Prospects of High Strength Pre-stressed Ceramics

doi:10.15541/jim20190360

Abstract

Abstract:

It is a worldwide challenge to simultaneously improve the strength and damage tolerance of ceramics, which is a core issue in the development of ceramics and a goal pursued by materials scientists. While the pre-stressed design has been widely used to improve the strength of concrete and glass for over a century, a little progress has been made for ceramic materials. In this paper, the research progresses of ceramic reinforcement are summarized, and a new pre-stressed design and model of high strength and high damage tolerance composite ceramics are proposed. The novel design focuses on the generation of residual compressive stresses on the surface of ceramic components to inhibit crack initiation and growth, and offset the external tensile stress, which can be applied to different fields such as structural ceramics, architectural ceramics, domestic ceramics and so on. This simple and economical technique with no limitation of size and shape in ceramic components has great application prospects.

Key words: pre-stressed design, ceramics, strength, damage tolerance, review

CLC Number:

TB332

BAO Yiwang,SUN Yi,KUANG Fenghua,LI Yueming,WAN Detian. Development and Prospects of High Strength Pre-stressed Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(4): 399-406.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 Microstructures of A (a), M (b) and N (c) compacts, and mechanical properties of SiC compacts (d)[25]

Table 1 Mechanical properties of composites with different fiber contents[36]

Content of fiber	28vol%	32vol%	43vol%	55vol%
Density /(g·cm^-3)	(2.69±0.01)	(2.55±0.02)	(2.44±0.04)	(2.27±0.03)
Open porosity/ %	(2.47±0.09)	(2.95±0.01)	(4.31±0.04)	(4.85±0.03)
Bending stress/MPa	(198±37)	(259±43)	(325±35)	(500±11)

Fig. 2 SEM photomicrographs of different compositions (a-d) and formation process of the mullite whisker network (e)[37] (a) Sample 1; (b) Sample 2; (c) Sample 3; (d) Sample 4

Fig. 3 Application of prestressing technology (a-c) and stress distribution diagrams in glass (d)

Fig. 4 Schematic diagram of the laminated composites (a), microstructures of different structural composites (b-g) and mechanical properties of different laminate samples (h)[47] (b) AG3; (c)AG7; (d) AG11; (e) Interface of composite; (f) Microscopic structure of Al2O3 layer; (g) Microscopic structure of Al2O3-graphite layer

Fig. 5 Comparisons of impact resistance and armor piercing resistance between pre-stressed and unpre-stressed ceramics[50] (a) Test of impact resistance performance with the nail gun, which could penetrate the steel plate with a thickness of 6 mm; (b) 30 mm-thick aluminum alloy plate penetrated by nail gun; (c) Mushroom-shaped fragments of pre-stressed composite materials fired by ordinary rifle bullets; (d) Morphologies of the armor-piercing incendiary bullets before and after firing at pre-stressed composite materials; (e) Morphology of aluminum alloy pre-stressed ceramics after shooting; (f) Unpre-stressed ceramic materials being crushed and penetrated after shooting; (g) Frontal morphology of pre-stressed composite materials fired by armor-piercing incendiary bullets; (h) Reverse morphology of the pr-estressed composite materials fired by armor-piercing incendiary bullets, which could not penetrate the pre-stressed composite ceramics

Fig. 6 Schematic of pre-stressing distribution in the ceramic composites

Fig. 7 Pre-stressed ceramics samples(a, c), SEM images(b, d)[51] and Ashby diagram(e)[52] (a, b) Pre-stressed structural ceramics; (c, d) Pre-stressed architectural ceramics

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