Double Perovskite Sr2CoFeO5+δ: Preparation and Performance as Cathode Material for Intermediate-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

doi:10.15541/jim20230428

Abstract

Abstract:

Intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs), as the operating temperature decreases, require cathode materials with high catalytic activity. In this study, double perovskite Sr₂CoFeO₅₊_δ (SCF) was synthesized by Sol-Gel method, and effect of SCF cathode compounded with 20% (molar fraction) Sm₂O₃ doped CeO₂ (SDC) at different ratios on the electrode performance was elucidated. The SOFC single-cell performance was improved by optimized chemical expansion and area-specific resistance (ASR) from composite electrodes. Results show that, SCF cathode after annealing at 950 ℃ for 10 h exhibits good chemical compatibility with common electrolytes. For the composite of SCF and SDC at a mass ratio of 1 : 1, the average thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) can be significantly reduced from 2.44×10⁻⁵K^-1of pure SCF to 1.54×10⁻⁵ K^-1. ASR of SCF−xSDC (x=20, 30, 40, 50, x: mass percentage) composite cathodes are as low as 0.036, 0.034, 0.028 and 0.092 Ω·cm² at 800 ℃, respectively. The SCF−40SDC composite cathode displays the lowest ASR value among SCF−xSDC in the whole temperature range. Based on the 0.3 mm-thick La_0.9Sr_0.1Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_3-_δ (LSGM) electrolyte, the maximum power density of SOFC using SCF−40SDC (757 mW·cm⁻²) as a cathode is higher than that of pure SCF (684 mW·cm⁻²). These results demonstrate that the SCF−40SDC composite cathode is a promising candidate for application in IT-SOFCs.

Key words: solid oxide fuel cell, double perovskite, cathode, Sr₂CoFeO₅₊_δ, composite electrode, electrochemical performance

CLC Number:

CHEN Zhengpeng, JIN Fangjun, LI Mingfei, DONG Jiangbo, XU Renci, XU Hanzhao, XIONG Kai, RAO Muming, CHEN Chuangting, LI Xiaowei, LING Yihan. Double Perovskite Sr₂CoFeO₅₊_δ: Preparation and Performance as Cathode Material for Intermediate-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(3): 337-344.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of (a) Rietveld refined SCF and (b) mixture of SCF with different electrolyte materials

Fig. 2 O2-TPD curves of SCF and SCF−40SDC

Fig. 3 Core-level XPS spectra of SCF at room temperature (a) O1s; (b) Sr3d; (c) Co2p; (d) Fe2p

Fig. 4 (a) Thermal expansion behaviors and (b) thermal expansion coefficient curves of SCF-xSDC composite cathodes in the temperature range of 30-950 ℃ Colorful figures are available on website

Table 1 TEC of SCF-xSDC composite cathodes

Sample	Average TEC/(×10⁻⁶, K⁻¹)
SCF	17.4 (30−400 ℃)	28.8 (400−1000 ℃)
SCF−20SDC	15.6 (30−300 ℃)	26.3 (300−950 ℃)
SCF−30SDC	15.0 (30−300 ℃)	24.3 (300−950 ℃)
SCF−40SDC	14.5 (30−300 ℃)	19.8 (300−950 ℃)
SCF−50SDC	12.5 (30−300 ℃)	16.3 (300−950 ℃)

Fig. 5 (a) Temperature dependence of electrical conductivity and (b) Arrhenius plot of SCF

Fig. 6 Typical impedance spectra of SCF−xSDC composite cathodes

Fig. 7 (a) ASR and (b) Arrhenius plots of the polarization resistance for SCF-xSDC composite cathodes

Table S1 Atomic occupancy information (atomic parameters) of XRD refinement

Atom	Wyck.	S.O.F.	x/a	y/b	z/c	U/Å²
Sr1	8c	1	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.01083(1)
Co1	4b	1	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.01311(1)
Fe1	4a	1	0	0	0	0.0115(2)
O1	24e	1	0.2496(5)	0	0	0.00995(2)

Fig. S1 XRD patterns of SCF−LSGM mixtures calcined at 950 ℃ for 10 h

Fig. S2 XRD patterns of SCF−SDC mixtures calcined at 950 ℃ for 10 h

Fig. S3 XRD patterns of SCF−GDC mixtures calcined at 950 ℃ for 10 h

Fig. S4 SEM micrographs of (a) SCF cathode, (b) SCF−20SDC, (c) SCF−30SDC, (d) SCF−40SDC, and (e) SCF−50SDC composite cathodes

Table S2 Electrochemical performance for cathode materials using hydrogen fuels

Cathode	Electrolyte	T/℃	Power density/(mW·cm^-2)	Ref.
YBaCo_2/3Fe_2/3Cu_2/3O₅₊_δ	LSGM	800	543	[1]
SrCo_0.7Fe_0.2Ta_0.1O₃₋_δ	LSGM	800	652.9	[2]
PrBaCo_2/3Fe_2/3Cu_2/3O₅₊_δ	GDC	800	659	[3]
Pr_1.9Ca_0.1BaCoFeO₅₊_δ	LSGM	800	728	[4]
SCF−40SDC	LSGM	800	757	This work

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Double Perovskite Sr₂CoFeO₅₊_δ: Preparation and Performance as Cathode Material for Intermediate-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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