Microstructure Design of Graphite in Nanoscale

doi:10.15541/jim20170011

Abstract

Abstract:

According to microstructural features of graphite, this paper reviewed the processing and dressing methods of graphite and proposed the nanostructured and functionalized engineering concept of graphite principally. The microstructure and properties of graphite could be modified and designed by using several approaches, such as introduction of nanoparticles by both synthesis of graphite intercalation compounds and preparation of graphite alloy. Active functional space for function particles could be induced by pore and porous structure formed through oxidation and activation. It is possible to synthesize graphene like flakes through exfoliation graphite and stripping layered structured graphite, to prepare the layer by layer functional materials. Due to the layered structure, graphite has strong anisotropic properties, which can be decreased by modification of flake direction and then becomes the isotropic graphitic functional materials. It suggests that microstructure design and nanostructured engineering in nanoscale can improve the properties of graphite, and obtain cheaper functional materials from natural graphite by characterization and nanostructure engineering, for wide potential applications, such as energy storage materials and graphene like materials.

Key words: graphite, graphene, layer by layer materials, nanostructure, review

CLC Number:

TD98

CHUAN Xiu-Yun. Microstructure Design of Graphite in Nanoscale[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(11): 1121-1127.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 Sketch of structure and graphite intercalation compound[15,20](a) Stage structure, ─ graphite layer; ** intercalate; (b) Layered structure

Fig. 2 Diagram segregation of C-B-N phase[21]

Fig. 3 Sketch change of properties of C-B-N materials

Fig. 4 Sketch of graphene structure[14,16](a) Ideal structure of single 2D graphene; (b) Waved graphene surface

Fig. 5 SEM images of pore structure of expanded graphite by exfoliation[11,29](a) Expanded graphite by heat treatment; (b) Expanded graphite by microwaved treatment

Fig. 6 Sketch of graphite crystalline arrangement in graphitic materials by different preparation (a) Aanisotropic polycrystalline graphite; (b) Isotropic and tubostratic stacking polycrystalline graphite

Fig. 7 Sketch of graphite crystal structure (a) Hexagonal; (b) Trigonal system

Fig. 8 Images of spherical graphite nanostructured naturally[39](a) Actual sample; (b) TEM image

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