成形压力对SiC/TiB2复合材料组织与性能的影响

doi:10.15541/jim20160429

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于熔融Si浸渗法制备出较致密的SiC/TiB₂复合材料, 并研究了坯体成形压力对SiC/TiB₂复合材料致密度、相组成、显微组织和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明, 复合材料由TiB₂、SiC和Si相组成。SiC/TiB₂复合材料的显微组织特征为: TiB₂相和SiC相均匀分布, 游离Si填充在TiB₂相和SiC相的空隙处, 且形成了连续相。随成形压力的增大, 复合材料中游离Si含量降低, TiB₂颗粒尺寸减小, 复合材料的力学性能先增加后降低。坯体最佳成形压力为200 MPa, 对应SiC/TiB₂复合材料的体积密度、开口气孔率、抗弯强度、断裂韧性和维氏硬度分别为3.63 g/cm³、0.90%、(354±16) MPa、(6.8±0.2) MPa·m^1/2和(21.0±1.1) GPa。

关键词: SiC/TiB2复合材料, 渗Si, 成形压力, 显微组织, 力学性能

Abstract:

SiC/TiB₂ composites were fabricated by infiltration of molten silicon (Si) into porous preforms containing titanium diboride (TiB₂) and free carbon (C) at 1550℃ for 30 min. And the influences of forming pressure on the phase compositions, microstructure, density and mechanical properties of SiC/TiB₂ composites were investgated. It is found that forming pressures have significant influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC/TiB₂ composites. XRD results show that the composites consist of TiB₂, SiC and Si phases. The microstructure analysis show that the TiB₂ and SiC phases distribute in the composite uniformly, with free Si fills in the continuous gaps between TiB₂ and SiC phases. TiB₂ particle size and volume fraction of free Si both decrease with the increase of forming pressures. The mechanical properties of SiC/TiB₂ composites are improved initially and then deteriorated with the increase of forming pressures. Under the optimal pressure of 200 MPa, Vikers-hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness of the obtained SiC/TiB₂ composite are (21.0±1.1) GPa, (354±16) MPa and (6.8±0.2) MPa·m^1/2, respectively. The open porosity and bulk density of the obtained SiC/TiB₂ composite prepared at 200 MPa forming pressure are 0.90% and 3.63 g/cm³.

Key words: SiC/TiB2 composite, Si infiltration, forming pressure, microstructures, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TB332

张翠萍, 高向伟, 茹红强, 孙卫康, 朱景辉, 宗辉. 成形压力对SiC/TiB₂复合材料组织与性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2017, 32(5): 502-508.

ZHANG Cui-Ping, GAO Xiang-Wei, RU Hong-Qiang, SUN Wei-Kang, ZHU Jing-Hui, ZONG Hui. Effect of Forming Pressure on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SiC/TiB₂ Composites[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(5): 502-508.

图/表 7

图1 成形压力对坯体气孔率和体积密度的影响

Fig. 1 Effect of forming pressures on the porosity and volume density of green bodies

图2 不同成形压力下制备的SiC/TiB2复合材料的XRD图谱

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of SiC/TiB2 composites prepared at different forming pressures (a) 50 MPa; (b) 100 MPa; (c) 150 MPa; (d) 200 MPa; (e) 250 MPa

图3 不同成形压力下制备的SiC/TiB2复合材料的SEM背散射照片

Fig. 3 Backscattered SEM micrographs of SiC/TiB2 composites prepared at various forming pressures (a) 50 MPa; (b) 100 MPa; (c) 150 MPa; (d) 200 MPa; (e) 250 MPa

图4 成形压力对SiC/TiB2复合材料中TiB2晶粒平均尺寸的影响

Fig. 4 Effect of forming pressures on the average sizes of TiB2 grains in SiC/TiB2 composites

表1 SiC/TiB2复合材料成分及密度

Table 1 Compositions and densities of SiC/TiB2 composites

Number	Forming pressures/ MPa	Compositions and densities of SiC/TiB₂ composites
Number	Forming pressures/ MPa	\(\rho_{TiB_2}/\%\)	v_SiC/ %	v_Si/ %	\(w_{TiB_2}/\%\)	w_SiC/ %	w_Si/ %	ρ_t/ (g·cm^-3)	ρ_v/ g·cm^-3	ρ_r/ %	ε/ %
1#	50	46.83	19.11	34.06	60.07	17.41	22.52	3.52	3.45	98.01	0.48
2#	100	50.81	20.74	28.45	63.35	18.36	18.29	3.62	3.54	97.79	0.69
3#	150	53.33	21.77	24.90	65.34	18.94	15.72	3.69	3.56	96.48	0.62
4#	200	54.19	22.12	23.69	66.00	19.13	14.87	3.71	3.63	97.84	0.89
5#	250	54.31	22.17	23.52	66.09	19.15	14.76	3.71	3.61	97.30	0.71

图5 成形压力对SiC/TiB2复合材料力学性能的影响

Fig. 5 Effect of forming pressures on the mechanical properties of SiC/TiB2 composites

图6 不同成形压力下SiC/TiB2复合材料断口形貌的SEM照片

Fig. 6 SEM micrographs of fracture surfaces of SiC/TiB2 composites prepared at various forming pressures 50 Mpa; (a) Secondary electron micrograph; (b) Backscattered electron micrograph. 250 Mpa; (c) Secondary electron micrograph; (d) Backscattered electron micrograph

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成形压力对SiC/TiB₂复合材料组织与性能的影响

Effect of Forming Pressure on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SiC/TiB₂ Composites

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