固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池新型阳极研究进展

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.13553

无机材料学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (7): 681-686.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.13553 CSTR: 32189.14.SP.J.1077.2013.13553

固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池新型阳极研究进展

王洪建, 曹天宇, 史翊翔, 蔡宁生

(清华大学热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室, 北京100084)

收稿日期:2013-10-25 修回日期:2013-12-17 出版日期:2014-07-20 网络出版日期:2014-06-20
作者简介:王洪建(1986-), 男, 博士研究生. E-mail: whj05@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(20776078, 51106085);清华大学-剑桥大学-麻省理工学院低碳能源大学联盟种子基金(300901001)

Research Development on Novel Anode of Solid Oxide Direct Carbon Fuel Cells

WANG Hong-Jian, CAO Tian-Yu, SHI Yi-Xiang, CAI Ning-Sheng

(Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

Received:2013-10-25 Revised:2013-12-17 Published:2014-07-20 Online:2014-06-20
About author:WANG Hong-Jian. E-mail: whj05@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (20776078, 51106085);Tsinghua University - University of Cambridge- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Low Carbon Energy University Alliance Seed Funding (300901001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池采用固体氧化物作为电解质, 能够将碳燃料的化学能直接转化为电能, 具有效率高、燃料适应性广、利于CO₂捕集等优点, 在能源与环境问题日益突出的现实条件下展现出广阔的应用前景。固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池中的关键问题在于研发合适的碳燃料转化阳极, 以满足反应催化、物质输运以及杂质耐受等要求。本文系统地总结并分析了多孔固体阳极、熔融碳酸盐阳极和液态金属阳极三类直接燃料电池阳极的结构特性、工作原理、材料特性等, 特别关注了以液态金属作为阳极的直接碳燃料电池, 分析了该类电极的优势, 探讨了未来固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池阳极的发展方向。

关键词: 固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池, 多孔固体阳极, 熔融碳酸盐阳极, 液态金属阳极, 综述

Abstract:

Solid oxide direct carbon fuel cells (SO-DCFCs) can convert the chemical energy of the carbon fuel directly into electricity with high efficiency, wide fuel applicability and convenience for CO₂ capture. SO-DCFCs show promising development in the situation that the energy and environmental issues become increasingly prominent. One of the key issues in SO-DCFC development is the anode which can accelerate carbon conversion, mass transportation within the electrode and impurities tolerance. This paper systematically summarized and analyzed the anode structural features, operating process, material characteristics of three types of SO-DCFC anode, including porous solid anode, molten carbonate anode and liquid metal anode. The liquid metal anode was particularly focused on due to its distinctive advantages in current collection, performance stability and the CO ratio in exhaust gas. Finally, the development trends of the anode for SO-DCFC in the future are discussed.

Key words: solid oxide direct carbon fuel cells, porous solid anode, molten carbonate anode, liquid metal anode, review

中图分类号:

O646
X701

王洪建, 曹天宇, 史翊翔, 蔡宁生. 固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池新型阳极研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2014, 29(7): 681-686.

WANG Hong-Jian, CAO Tian-Yu, SHI Yi-Xiang, CAI Ning-Sheng. Research Development on Novel Anode of Solid Oxide Direct Carbon Fuel Cells[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2014, 29(7): 681-686.

图/表 4

图1 多孔固体阳极SO-DCFC工作原理示意图[8]

Fig. 1 Working principle of porous solid anode SO-DCFC[8]

图2 熔融碳酸盐SO-DCFC工作原理示意图[14]

Fig. 2 Working principle of molten carbonate anode SO-DCFC[14]

图3 液态金属阳极SO-DCFC工作原理示意图[20]

Fig. 3 Working principle of liquid metal anode SO-DCFC[20]

表1 金属及金属氧化物熔点[28]

Table 1 Melting point of metal and metal oxide[28]

Metal	Melting point /℃	Metal oxide	Oxide melting point /℃
Sn	231.9	SnO₂	1927
Cu	1083.2	Cu₂O	1230
Pb	327.4	PbO	890
In	156.4	In₂O₃	2000
Bi	271.3	Bi₂O₃	817
Sb	630.5	Sb₂O₃	655

参考文献 30

[1]	CAO D X, SUN Y, WANG G L. Direct carbon fuel cell: fundamentals and recent developments. Journal of Power Sources, 2007, 167(2): 250-257.
[2]	曹殿学,王贵领,吕艳卓. 燃料电池系统. 北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 2009: 304-323.
[3]	GÜR T M. Mechanistic modes for solid carbon conversion in high temperature fuel cells. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2010, 157(5): B751-B759.
[4]	CAI NING-SHENG, LI CHEN, SHI YI-XIANG. Research and development of solid oxide direct carbon fuel cell. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011, 31(17): 112-120.
[5]	LI CHEN, SHI YI-XIANG, CAI NING-SHENG. An analysis of technical research advances in direct carbon fuel cell technology. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power, 2007, 21(1): 1-5.
[6]	LI S, LEE A C, MITCHELL R E, et al. Direct carbon conversion in a helium fluidized bed fuel cell. Solid State Ionics, 2008, 179(27-32): 1549-1552.
[7]	ZAHRADNIK R L, ELIKAN L, ARCHER D H. A coal-burning Solid-electrolyte Fuel Cell Power Plant. // Young G J, Linden H R. Fuel Cell Systems, First edition. Washington D C: American Chemical Society, 1965, 47: 343-356.
[8]	NAKAGAWA N, ISHIDA M. Performance of an internal direct-oxidation carbon fuel-cell and its evaluation by graphic exergy analysis. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1988, 27(7): 1181-1185.
[9]	IHARA M, MATSUDA K, SATO H, et al. Solid state fuel storage and utilization through reversible carbon deposition on an SOFC anode. Solid State Ionics, 2004, 175: 51-54.
[10]	HASEGAWA S, IHARA M. Reaction mechanism of solid carbon fuel in rechargeable direct carbon SOFCs with methane for charging. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2008, 155(1): B58-B63.
[11]	李晨. 固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池机理及反应特性研究. 北京:清华大学博士学位论文, 2010.
[12]	GÜR T M, Huggins R A. Direct electrochemical conversion of carbon to electrical energy in a high temperature fuel cell. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1992, 139(10): 95-97.
[13]	LI C, SHI Y X, CAI N S. Elementary reaction kinetic model of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell fueled with syngas. Journal of Power Sources, 2010, 195(15): 4660-4666.
[14]	BALASHOV, DUBOIS, HORNBOSTEL, et al. Direct Carbon Fuel Cells : Clean Electricity from Coal and Carbon Based Fuels. Direct Carbon Conversion Workshop, Palm Springs, 2005.
[15]	POINTON K, LAKEMAN B, IRVINE J T S, et al. The development of a carbon-air semi fuel cell. Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 162(2): 750-756.
[16]	JAIN S L, LAKEMAN B, POINTON K D, et al. Carbon-air fuel cell development to satisfy our energy demands. Ionics, 2007, 13: 413-416.
[17]	NABAE Y, POINTON K D, IRVINE J T S. Electrochemical oxidation of solid carbon in hybrid DCFC with solid oxide and molten carbonate binary electrolyte. Energy & Environment Science, 2008, 1: 148-155.
[18]	WILLIAM E T. High Temperature Fuel Cell Having a Palladium Film between the Anode and Electrolyte. US 3432352 A, 1969.
[19]	TAO T. Direct Carbon Conversion. Direct Carbon Fuel Cell Workshop, Pittsburg, PA, 2003.
[20]	TAO T. Introduction of Liquid Anode Solid Oxide Electrolyte Fuel Cell and Its Direct Energy Conversion Using Waste Plastics. Proceedings of the 9th, International Symposium Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, 2005, 1: 353-362.
[21]	赵天从. 锑. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 1987: 289-296.
[22]	YENTEKAKIS I V, DEBENEDETTI P G, COSTA B, et al. A novel fused metal anode solid electrolyte fuel-cell for direct coal-gasification: a steady-state model. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1989, 28(9): 1414-1424.
[23]	TAO T, MCPHEE W, KOSLOWSKE M. Liquid tin anode SOFC for direct fuel conversion-impact of coal and JP-8 impurities. ECS Transactions, 2009, 25(2): 1115-1124.
[24]	JACOB K T. A new type of SOFC for conversion of high temperature heat to electricity without carnot limitation. ECS Transactions, 2011, 35(1): 573-582.
[25]	JAYAKUMAR A, LEE S, HORNES A, et al. A comparison of molten Sn and Bi for solid oxide fuel cell anodes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2010, 157(3): B365-B369.
[26]	JAYAKUMAR A, VOHS J M, GORTE R J. Molten-metal electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2010, 49(21): 10237-10241.
[27]	JAYAKUMAR A, KÜNGAS R, ROYET S, et al. A direct carbon fuel cell with a molten antimony anode. Energy & Environmental Science, 2011, 4(10): 4133-4137.
[28]	ARKEL A E V, FLOOD E A. The electrical conductivity of molten oxides. Canadian Journal of Chemistry., 1953, 31: 1009-1019.
[29]	沈兴. 差热、热重分析与非等温固相反应动力学. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 1995: 168-169.
[30]	WANG H J, SHI Y X, CAI N S. Polarization characteristics of liquid antimony anode with smooth single-crystal solid oxide electrolyte. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 245: 164-170.

固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池新型阳极研究进展

Research Development on Novel Anode of Solid Oxide Direct Carbon Fuel Cells

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 4

参考文献 30

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	魏相霞, 张晓飞, 徐凯龙, 陈张伟. 增材制造柔性压电材料的现状与展望[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(9): 965-978.
[2]	杨鑫, 韩春秋, 曹玥晗, 贺桢, 周莹. 金属氧化物电催化硝酸盐还原合成氨研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(9): 979-991.
[3]	刘鹏东, 王桢, 刘永锋, 温广武. 硅泥在锂离子电池中的应用研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(9): 992-1004.
[4]	黄洁, 汪刘应, 王滨, 刘顾, 王伟超, 葛超群. 基于微纳结构设计的电磁性能调控研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(8): 853-870.
[5]	陈乾, 苏海军, 姜浩, 申仲琳, 余明辉, 张卓. 超高温氧化物陶瓷激光增材制造及组织性能调控研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(7): 741-753.
[6]	王伟明, 王为得, 粟毅, 马青松, 姚冬旭, 曾宇平. 以非氧化物为烧结助剂制备高导热氮化硅陶瓷的研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(6): 634-646.
[7]	蔡飞燕, 倪德伟, 董绍明. 高熵碳化物超高温陶瓷的研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(6): 591-608.
[8]	吴晓晨, 郑瑞晓, 李露, 马浩林, 赵培航, 马朝利. SiC_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料高温环境损伤原位监测研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(6): 609-622.
[9]	赵日达, 汤素芳. 多孔碳陶瓷化改进反应熔渗法制备陶瓷基复合材料研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(6): 623-633.
[10]	方光武, 谢浩元, 张华军, 高希光, 宋迎东. CMC-EBC损伤耦合机理及一体化设计研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(6): 647-661.
[11]	张幸红, 王义铭, 程源, 董顺, 胡平. 超高温陶瓷复合材料研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(6): 571-590.
[12]	张慧, 许志鹏, 朱从潭, 郭学益, 杨英. 大面积有机-无机杂化钙钛矿薄膜及其光伏应用研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(5): 457-466.
[13]	李宗晓, 胡令祥, 王敬蕊, 诸葛飞. 氧化物神经元器件及其神经网络应用[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(4): 345-358.
[14]	鲍可, 李西军. 化学气相沉积法制备智能窗用热致变色VO₂薄膜的研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(3): 233-258.
[15]	胡梦菲, 黄丽萍, 李贺, 张国军, 吴厚政. 锂/钠离子电池硬碳负极材料的研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(1): 32-44.