Journal of Inorganic Materials ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 1100-1106.DOI: 10.15541/jim20240215

• RESEARCH ARTICLE • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Structure and Piezoelectric Properties of CuO-doped (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Sn)O3 Ceramics

PENG Ping(), TAN Litao   

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350108, China
  • Received:2024-04-24 Revised:2024-05-10 Published:2024-10-20 Online:2024-05-16
  • About author:PENG Ping (1991-), female, PhD, associate professor. E-mail: xgpengping@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52102125);Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2021J05223);Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences(KLIFMD202101);Opening Project of Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology(JKD01231702);Research Fund of Fujian University of Technology(GY-Z21068)

Abstract:

(Ba,Ca)(Ti,Sn)O3 (BCTS) piezoelectric ceramics exhibit excellent piezoelectric properties and show great potential in the fields of piezoelectric sensors and transducers. However, their sintering temperature is very high, typically exceeding 1450 ℃, which limits their practical applications. In order to lower the sintering temperature, the oxide CuO was added into (Ba0.95Ca0.05)(Ti0.90Sn0.10)O3 ceramics as a sintering aid in this work. Herein, BCTS-xCuO piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid-state sintering method, and the influence of CuO content on the sintering temperature, structure as well as dielectric and piezoelectric properties of BCTS ceramics was investigated systematically. After adding CuO, the perovskite crystal structure was mainly formed in BCTS ceramics, with a small amount of secondary phases, which may be Ba2TiO4 and Ba2Cu3O5.9. Moreover, it was found that CuO doping can effectively reduce the sintering temperature of ceramics from 1480 ℃ to 1360 ℃ and improve the relative density of piezoelectric ceramics. The highest relative density (98.7%) and maximum average grain size (22.5 μm) were obtained at x=0.03. Hence, the optimal electrical properties were obtained at x=0.03 with piezoelectric coefficient d33=573 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling coefficient kp=36%, relative permittivity εr=9467, and dielectric loss tanδ=0.021. Compared with other reported low-temperature sintered BaTiO3-based ceramics, the x=0.03 component ceramics in this study obtained higher d33 at a low sintering temperature, showing excellent comprehensive properties. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that CuO doping can successfully reduce the sintering temperature and optimize the piezoelectric properties of BCTS ceramics.

Key words: lead-free piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric property, low temperature sintering

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