Effect of Sintering Process on Microstructure and Properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.9Zr0.1)O3 Lead-free Ceramics

doi:10.15541/jim20160375

Abstract

Abstract:

The lead-free (Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Ti_0.9Zr_0.1)O₃ (BCTZ) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by conventional solid state reaction combined with a liquid precursor mixing method. The effects of dwelling time on the structural, dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties as well as the temperature dependence electrical properties of BCTZ ceramics were systematically investigated. The results show that dense BCTZ ceramics are obtained with uniform grain size and tetragonal perovskite structure, without any other impure phase. As sintered at 1540℃ with the dwelling time increasing from 2 h to 24 h, the average grain size of the ceramics increases from 10.5 μm to 38.7 μm, which strongly controls the electric properties of the ceramics. With the grain size increasing, the Curies temperature T_c shifts to a higher temperature, the piezoelectric properties increase while the electric-field-induced strain decreases for the ceramics. The ceramics sintered at 1540℃ for 24 h obtain excellent electrical properties of T_c~90℃, tanδ < 0.05, k_p~0.46, d₃₃ ~540 pC/N, and P_s ~17 μC/cm². Moreover, electrical measurement at different temperature suggests that BCTZ samples have strong temperature dependence, especially in the temperature range below T_c, where the electric properties of the ceramics decrease with increasing temperature.

Key words: BCTZ, lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, preparation method, thermal stability

CLC Number:

TM282

LONG Pei-Qing, LIU Xi-Tao, YI Zhi-Guo. Effect of Sintering Process on Microstructure and Properties of Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Ti_0.9Zr_0.1)O₃Lead-free Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(3): 299-304.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.9Zr0.1)O3 ceramic sintered at 1540℃ with different dwelling time

Fig. 2 Surface SEM images of BCTZ ceramics sintered at 1540℃ for different dwelling time^(a) 2 h; (b) 12 h; (c) 24 h

Fig. 3 Temperature dependence of dielectric constant and dielectric loss of BCTZ ceramics sintered at 1540℃ for different time and before and after polarization treatment

Fig. 4 Frequency dependence of impedance magnitude |Z| and phase angle θ of the BCTZ ceramics sintered at 1540℃ with dwelling times of 2 h (a) and 24 h (b), and the dwelling time dependence of electromechanical coupling factor k and mechanical quality factor Qm (c). The piezoelectric coefficient d33 of the BCTZ ceramics sintered at 1540℃ (d)

Fig. 5 (a) Ferroelectric P-E loops and (b) S-E curves of BCTZ ceramics sintered at 1540℃ for different dwelling times measured at 7 Hz

Fig. 6 Behavior of P-E (a), ε-E (b), bipolar S-E (c) and unipolar S-E loops (d) collected at various temperatures for BCTZ ceramics sintered at 1540℃ for 2 h

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Effect of Sintering Process on Microstructure and Properties of Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Ti_0.9Zr_0.1)O₃Lead-free Ceramics

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