Visible-light Catalytic Performance of ITO/TiO2 Nanotube Array Composite

doi:10.15541/jim20230178

Abstract

Abstract:

Photocatalysis has received extensive attention due to its advantages of mild reaction conditions and direct conversion of solar energy to chemical energy. Improving the solar absorption range and reducing the recombination of photo-generated “electron-hole” pairs are the hot topics in the field of photocatalysis. In this work, the amorphous TiO₂ nanotube arrays (TiO₂NTs) were prepared by anodic oxidation, and indium-tin (In-Sn) alloy was pressed into the amorphous TiO₂NTs by a mechanical hydraulic method to make In_9.45Sn₁/TiO₂NTs, then the In_9.45Sn₁/TiO₂NTs were annealed in air to obtain indium tin oxide (ITO)/TiO₂NTs. The photocatalytic properties of the obtained TiO₂NTs, In_9.45Sn₁/TiO₂NTs and ITO/TiO₂NTs on the removal of methylene blue in aqueous solution were studied and compared. After 180 min visible light irradiation, the degradation efficiency of the ITO/TiO₂NTs reaches 96.14%. The applying UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) to explore the optical adsorption abilities of the samples shows the strongest absorbance of ITO/TiO₂NTs. Combining the results of transient photocurrent responses, photocurrent density-potential, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and Mott-Schottky plots, the ITO/TiO₂NTs have higher charge transfer capability and donor density than do other samples, which can reduce the recombination of holes and electrons, thus improving the visible-light catalytic performance. After five cycles, the degradation rate of the ITO/TiO₂NTs still maintains 90.28%. Results of free radicals trapping experiments reveal that •O₂^- and •OH are the main active substances for the photocatalytic degradation.

Key words: titania, ITO, nanotube array, methylene blue, mechanical hydraulic method

CLC Number:

O643

WANG Mengtao, SUO Jun, FANG Dong, YI Jianhong, LIU Yichun, Olim RUZIMURADOV. Visible-light Catalytic Performance of ITO/TiO₂ Nanotube Array Composite[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2023, 38(11): 1292-1300.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Synthesis schematic diagram of ITO/TiO2NTs

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of the as-prepared TiO2NTs (amorphous TiO2NTs), TiO2NTs after calcined at 450 ℃ (TiO2NTs), In9.45Sn1/TiO2NTs and ITO/TiO2NTs

Fig. 3 High resolution XPS spectra of In9.45Sn1/TiO2NTs and ITO/TiO2NTs (a) Ti2p; (b) In3d; (c) Sn3d

Fig. 4 (a-c) SEM images of TiO2NTs, In9.45Sn1/TiO2NTs and ITO/TiO2NTs; (d, e) TEM images of In9.45Sn1/TiO2NTs and ITO/TiO2NTs; (f) HRTEM image recorded at the red dotted box region in (e); (f1, f2) Fast Fourier Transform images and interplanar spacing images of sample in the regions 1 and 2 of (f), respectively

Fig. 5 (a) UV-Vis DRS spectra and (b) band gaps of the samples calculated using Tauc plots

Fig. 6 (a) Photocatalytic degradation of MB by TiO2NTs, In9.45Sn1/TiO2NTs and ITO/TiO2NTs; (b) Pseudo-first-order kinetic plots of MB photodegradation; (c) Photostability tests over ITO/TiO2NTs photocatalyst for the cycling photodegradation of MB

Fig. 7 (a) Instantaneous current density-time curves (i-t); (b) Photocurrent density-potential curves (J-V) (scanning rate: 10 mV/s); (c) Electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS); (d) Mott-Schottky curves (M-S) of TiO2NTs, In9.45Sn1/TiO2NTs and ITO/TiO2 NTs All electrolytes used in the above tests are 0.2 mol/L Na2SO4 aqueous solution with pH 7

Fig. 8 Tests of active species trapping during the photocatalytic reaction with sacrificial reagents of EDTA-2Na, IPA and 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO under visible optical irradiation

Fig. 9 Schematic illustration of the photocatalytic mechanism of ITO/TiO2

Fig. 10 SEM images and elemental distribution mappings of (a) Pt and (b) PbO2 deposited on ITO/TiO2NTs

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Visible-light Catalytic Performance of ITO/TiO₂ Nanotube Array Composite

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