Effect of Li2O Sintering Aid on Sintering Characteristics and Electrical Conductivity of LSGM Electrolyte for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

doi:10.15541/jim20220086

Abstract

Abstract:

This work investigated the influence of Li₂O as a sintering aid on the sintering behavior of La_0.8Sr_0.2Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_3-_δ (LSGM) electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells, which systematically presented the effects of sintering aid content and sintering temperature on the density, microstructure, phase composition, and the ionic conductivity of sintered LSGM bulk. The results show that addition of Li₂O sintering aid not only reduces the sintering temperature, but also eliminates the LaSrGa₃O₇ impurity phase in the sintered LSGM and suppresses the formation of MgO impurity phase which is easily generated during the conventional sintering process. Moreover, the addition of Li₂O increases the ionic conductivity of sintered LSGM electrolytes. When 1% (molar percentage) Li₂O is added, the LSGM bulk sintered at 1400 ℃ for 4 h reaches 99% of the theoretical density and presents a single perovskite stracture. When tested at 800 ℃, the ionic conductivity of the sintered bulk reaches 0.17 S/cm, which is 20% higher than that of the sample without sintering aid. All results demonstrate that adding an appropriate amount of Li₂O as sintering aid is of great significance for the application of high ionic conductivity electrolyte in intermediate- temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs).

Key words: solid oxide fuel cell, LSGM electrolyte, sintering aid, sintering characteristics, ionic conductivity

CLC Number:

TM911

FAN Shuai, JIN Tian, ZHANG Shanlin, LUO Xiaotao, LI Chengxin, LI Changjiu. Effect of Li₂O Sintering Aid on Sintering Characteristics and Electrical Conductivity of LSGM Electrolyte for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(10): 1087-1092.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 Relative density of LSGM-xLi-T as a function of sintering temperature

Fig. 2 ICP test results of LSGM-xLi-1400

Fig. 3 Cross sectional SEM images of LSGM-xLi-1400 samples (a, b) x=0; (c) x=0.5; (d) x=1; (e) x=1.5; (f) x=2

Table 1 Element contents of the selected areas in Fig. 3(b)

Area	Mole fraction/%
Area	La	Sr	Ga	Mg	O
A	7.83	7.26	23.65	0.00	61.26
B	0.75	0.57	0.55	47.31	50.82
C	17.85	4.73	16.40	4.32	56.70

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of LSGM-xLi-1400 and original powder

Fig. 5 Change of ionic conductivity of LSGM-xLi-1400 tested under different temperatures

References 18

[1]	SHARAF O Z, ORHAN M F. An overview of fuel cell technology: fundamentals and applications. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014, 32: 810-853.
[2]	LI G, GOU Y, QIAO J, et al. Recent progress of tubular solid oxide fuel cell: from materials to applications. Journal of Power Sources, 2020, 477: 228693. DOI URL
[3]	ZHOU Y C, YE X F, WANG S R. All symmetrical metal supported solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(7): 769-772. DOI URL
[4]	YANG Y, TIAN D, DING Y Z, et al. Improved performance of symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells with redox-reversible Pr_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-_δ electrodes. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(3): 235-240. DOI URL
[5]	LIM D K, GUK J G, CHOI H S, et al. Measurement of partial conductivity of 8YSZ by Hebb-Wagner polarization method. Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society, 2015, 52(5): 299-303. DOI URL
[6]	MOMENZADEH L, BELOVA I V, MURCH G E. Analysis of thermotransport and thermal and ionic conductivity in doped lanthanum gallate (LSGM) using molecular dynamics. Solid State Ionics, 2022, 377: 115881. DOI URL
[7]	GARCIA-GARCIA F J, TANG Y, GOTOR F J, et al. Development by mechanochemistry of La_0.8Sr_0.2Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_2.8 electrolyte for SOFCs. Materials, 2020, 13(6): 1366. DOI URL
[8]	GESTEL T V, SEBOLD D, BUCHKREMER H P. Processing of 8YSZ and CGO thin film electrolyte layers for intermediate- and low-temperature SOFCs. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2015, 35(5): 1505-1515. DOI URL
[9]	ZHANG L, CHEN G, DAI R, et al. A review of the chemical compatibility between oxide electrodes and electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Power Sources, 2021, 492: 229630. DOI URL
[10]	MORALES M, ROA J J, TARTAJ J, et al. A review of doped lanthanum gallates as electrolytes for intermediate temperature solid oxides fuel cells: from materials processing to electrical and thermo-mechanical properties. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2016, 36(1): 1-16. DOI URL
[11]	SANG B H, CHO Y H, JI H I, et al. Low-temperature sintering and electrical properties of strontium-and magnesium-doped lanthanum gallate with V₂O₅ additive. Journal of Power Sources, 2011, 196(6): 2971-2978. DOI URL
[12]	WANG Y, ZHOU D F, CHEN L, et al. Improvement in the sintering and electrical properties of strontium- and magnesium- doped lanthanum gallate by MoO₃ dopant. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2017, 710: 748-755. DOI URL
[13]	JIN S Y, LEE S, JI H Y, et al. Fe doping effects on phase stability and conductivity of La_0.75Sr_0.25Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_3-delta. Journal of Power Sources, 2009, 193(2): 593-597. DOI URL
[14]	HA S B, CHO Y H, KANG Y C, et al. Effect of oxide additives on the sintering behavior and electrical properties of strontium- and magnesium-doped lanthanum gallate. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2010, 30(12): 2593-2601. DOI URL
[15]	ZHU T, LIN Y, YANG Z, et al. Evaluation of Li₂O as an efficient sintering aid for gadolinia-doped ceria electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 261(1): 255-263. DOI URL
[16]	SARIBOĞA V, ÖZDEMIR H, FARUK ÖKSÜZÖMER M A. Cellulose templating method for the preparation of La_0.8Sr_0.2Ga_0.83Mg_0.17O_2.815 (LSGM) solid oxide electrolyte. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2013, 33(8): 1435-1446. DOI URL
[17]	ZHANG Q, LIU W J, WANG J, et al. Processing of perovskite La_0.9Sr_0.1Ga_0.8Mg_0.2O_3-_δ electrolyte by glycine-nitrate combustion method. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021, 46(61): 31362-31369. DOI URL
[18]	HUANG K, GOODENOUGH J B. A solid oxide fuel cell based on Sr- and Mg-doped LaGaO₃ electrolyte: the role of a rare-earth oxide buffer. Journal of Alloys & Compounds, 2000, 303: 454-464.

Effect of Li₂O Sintering Aid on Sintering Characteristics and Electrical Conductivity of LSGM Electrolyte for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 6

References 18

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	PENG Dezhao, LI Rui, WANG Wenhong, WANG Zirui, ZHANG Zhizhen. Research Progress on Sodium Chloride Solid Electrolytes [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2026, 41(4): 409-420.
[2]	GAO Yuan, WEI Bo, JIN Fangjun, LÜ Zhe, LING Yihan. Ag Doping Modulating Cathode Acidic Sites to Enhance Chromium Resistance for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2026, 41(1): 70-78.
[3]	CHAI Runyu, ZHANG Zhen, WANG Menglong, XIA Changrong. Preparation of Ceria Based Metal-supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Direct Assembly Method [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(7): 765-771.
[4]	WEI Zhifan, CHEN Guoqing, ZU Yufei, LIU Yuan, LI Minghao, FU Xuesong, ZHOU Wenlong. ZrB₂-HfSi₂ Ceramics: Microstructure and Formation Mechanism of Core-rim Structure [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(7): 817-825.
[5]	QU Jifa, WANG Xu, ZHANG Weixuan, ZHANG Kangzhe, XIONG Yongheng, TAN Wenyi. Enhanced Sulfur-resistance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Anode via Doping Modification of NaYTiO₄ [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(5): 489-496.
[6]	XUE Ke, CAI Changkun, XIE Manyi, LI Shuting, AN Shengli. Pr₁₊_xBa_1-_xFe₂O₅₊_δ Cathode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Preparation and Electrochemical Performance [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(4): 363-371.
[7]	LIU Hongming, ZHANG Jinke, CHEN Zhengpeng, LI Mingfei, QIAN Xiuyang, SUN Chuanqi, XIONG Kai, RAO Mumin, CHEN Chuangting, GAO Yuan, LING Yihan. Enhanced Performance of La_0.7Sr_0.3FeO_3-_δ Cathode for SOFC via Implementation of B-site High-entropy Strategy [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(12): 1433-1442.
[8]	YANG Hengqiang, ZHANG Xinyue, MA Yichu, ZHOU Qingjun. Iron-based Perovskite Material La_0.25M_0.75FeO_3-_δ (M=Ca, Sr, Ba): Preparation and Performance as Cathode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(12): 1365-1372.
[9]	WANG Zhe, HAO Hongru, WU Zonghui, XU Lingling, LÜ Zhe, WEI Bo. Enhancing Cr-tolerance Ability of Double Perovskite Cathodes through Configuration Entropy Engineering [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(12): 1341-1348.
[10]	JIANG Yuehong, SONG Yunfeng, ZHANG Leilei, MA Ji, SONG Zhaoyuan, LONG Wen. Fluorination of BaZr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.1Yb_0.1O₃ as Electrolyte Material for Proton-conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cell [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(12): 1356-1364.
[11]	XUE Zixuan, YIN Chaofan, YAO Yuechao, WANG Yanmin, SUN Yueyue, LIU Zhengrong, ZHOU Yucun, ZHOU Jun, WU Kai. Research Progress on Proton-conducting Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with Hydrogen-containing Fuel [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(12): 1324-1340.
[12]	LIU Tong, HUANG Su, ZHU Shiyue, ZHA Fanglin, HU Xuelei, WANG Yao. Preparation of Cobalt-free Composite Cathode for Efficient High-temperature Hydrogen Fuel Cell via One-pot Synthesis Method [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(12): 1349-1355.
[13]	ZHANG Jinghui, LU Xiaotong, MAO Haiyan, TIAN Yazhou, ZHANG Shanlin. Effect of Sintering Additives on Sintering Behavior and Conductivity of BaZr_0.1Ce_0.7Y_0.2O_3-_δ Electrolytes [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(1): 84-90.
[14]	PAN Jianlong, MA Guanjun, SONG Lemei, HUAN Yu, WEI Tao. High Stability/Catalytic Activity Co-based Perovskite as SOFC Anode: In-situ Preparation by Fuel Reducing Method [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(8): 911-919.
[15]	YE Zibin, ZOU Gaochang, WU Qiwen, YAN Xiaomin, ZHOU Mingyang, LIU Jiang. Preparation and Performances of Tubular Cone-shaped Anode-supported Segmented-in-series Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cell [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(7): 819-827.