Adsorption of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution by Biochar-clay Derived from Clay and Peanut Shell

doi:10.15541/jim20190350

Abstract

Abstract:

Heavy metal chromium pollution seriously threatens the environmental safety of soil and water body. The Cr(VI) compound has strong migration ability, enrichment and strong oxidizing ability. These properties make Cr(VI) ions more dangerous and difficult to handle. Adsorption technology is a simple and effective method for treatment of heavy metal pollution. The two clay-biochars are made by mixing biochar derived from peanut shell and two kinds of clays (Kaolin and bentonite) under magnetic stirring conditions. A variety of characterizations suggest that clays uniformly deposit on the surface of biochar. Adsorption experiments indicate that the sorption of Cr(VI) ions from wastewater on Kaolin-biochar is significantly higher than that of bentonite-biochar. Adsorption kinetic of Cr (VI) on two clay-biochars follows satisfactorily the pseudo-second order model due to high correlation coefficient (R²>0.999). Adsorption isotherms of Cr(VI) on Biochar@Bentonite are fitted by Langmuir model, whereas the Freundlich model fits better the Cr(VI) sorption on Biochar@Kaolin. These findings are crucial for the potential application of clay-biochar composites for the treatment of the immobilization of heavy metals in environmental remediation.

Key words: adsorption, peanut shell, clay-biochar, Cr(VI)

CLC Number:

TQ174

WANG Hai, YANG Ningcan, QIU Muqing. Adsorption of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution by Biochar-clay Derived from Clay and Peanut Shell[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(3): 301-308.

Figures/Tables 12

Sample	BET specific surface area/(m²·g^-1)	Average pore width/nm
Biochar	2.79	39.37
Biochar@Kaolin	6.15	83.41
Biochar@Bentonite	3.08	56.18

Fig. 1 SEM images of the Biochar@Kaolin and Biochar@Bentonite before and after the reaction with Cr(VI)

Fig. 2 TEM images of the Biochar@Kaolin and Biochar@Bentonite before and after the reaction with Cr(VI)

Fig. 3 EDS spectra of the Biochar@Kaolin and Biochar@Bentonite before and after the reaction with Cr(VI)

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of Biochar, Biochar@Kaolin and Biochar@Bentonite

Fig. 5 FT-IR spectra of Biochar, Kaolin, Bentonite, Biochar@Kaolin and Biochar@Bentonite

Fig. 6 XPS spectra of Biochar@Kaolin (a) and Biochar@Bentonite (b)

Fig. 7 Effect of pH on the removal of Cr (VI) by the Biochar@Kaolin (a) and Biochar@Bentonite (b)

Fig. 8 Effect of SO42- on the removal of Cr (VI) by the Biochar@Kaolin (a) and Biochar@Bentonite (b)

Fig. 9 Adsorption data and modeling for Cr(VI) ions removal by Biochar, Biochar@Kaolin and Biochar@Bentonite, respectively

Sample	Pseudo-first-order			Pseudo-second-order
Sample	q_e/(mg·g^-1)	k₁/min^-1	R²	q_e/(mg·g^-1)	K₂/(g·mg^-1·min^-1)	R²
Biochar	6.54	0.056	0.967	7.80	0.063	0.990
Biochar@Kaolin	7.07	0.092	0.947	8.91	0.122	0.986
Biochar@Bentonite	7.70	0.048	0.971	9.41	0.052	0.991

T/℃	Sample	Langmuir adsorption model			Freundlich adsorption model
T/℃	Sample	Q_max/(mg·g^-1)	K_L/(L·mg^-1)	R²	K_F/((mg·g)^-1/ⁿ)	1/n	R²
20	Biochar@Kaolin	15.58	0.0029	0.978	3.57	0.0064	0.995
20	Biochar@Bentonite	20.54	0.035	0.980	6.75	0.0042	0.903
30	Biochar@Kaolin	68.98	0.0063	0.940	4.55	0.0083	0.992
30	Biochar@Bentonite	23.64	0.058	0.967	10.53	0.0033	0.942
40	Biochar@Kaolin	76.62	0.13	0.795	9.61	0.0028	0.996
40	Biochar@Bentonite	27.23	0.28	0.956	14.82	0.0016	0.852

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