Research Progress on the Capacity Fading Mechanisms of High-Nickel Ternary Layered Oxide Cathode Materials

doi:10.15541/jim20160255

Abstract

Abstract:

Owing to advantages of high specific capacity, low cost and environmental friendliness, high-nickel ternary layered oxide cathode materials have received much attention and have been extensively studied over the past ten years. However, its further application is hindered by its structural instability during the cycling, thermal instability and poor storage properties. In order to provide references to tackle the problems that high nickel ternary layered oxide cathode materials faces, the degradation mechanisms of high-nickel ternary layered oxide cathode materials during cycling was summarized and discussed in this review. The degradation mechanisms are categorized as two major factors. One is thermodynamic factors including cation disorder as well as surface reactions, and the other is kinetic factors comprising of micro-cracks formation as well as rearrangement of conductive materials. The modification strategies corresponding to the major mechanisms and the research focusing on initial irreversible capacity loss are also briefly introduced.

Key words: high-nickel oxide, ternary layered oxide, cathode material, degradation mechanisms, cycling stability, review

CLC Number:

TM912

LI Xiang, GE Wu-Jie, WANG Hao, QU Mei-Zhen. Research Progress on the Capacity Fading Mechanisms of High-Nickel Ternary Layered Oxide Cathode Materials[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(2): 113-121.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 High-resolution STEM image of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 at a grain boundary layer after ten cycles [16]

Fig. 2 Schematic view of the layered cathode material with a pillar layer at the surface[17]

Fig. 3 Schematic representation of the inter-slab space[22](a) In the LixNi1+zO2 system, the oxidation of the Ni2+ ions during the cycling induces a local collapse of the inter-slab space which makes lithium diffusion and re-intercalation difficult; (b) The LixNi1-yMgO2 system, the electrochemically inactive Mg2+ ions do not hinder lithium diffusion since their size is very close to that of the Li+ ion

Fig. 4 Influence of oxygen defect on structural instabilities[25]

Fig. 5 STEM images of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 after (a) first cycle and (b) ten-cycles[16]

Fig. 6 (a) TEM image of cross-section of lithiated particle showing the aligned nanostructure inside a single particle, (b) Electron diffraction pattern on a single nanoplate showing that the c axis (in R3?m space) is perpendicular to the basal plane of the plate[43]

Fig. 7 CSAFM images of surface conductance (right-hand panel) and topography (left-hand panel) of a 5×5 μm region of the composite LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 cathode surface at 1.0 V tip-sample voltage difference[45](a) Virgin cell; (b) Cathode from the cell which lost 34% of power

Fig. 8 Schematic of the results from in situ TR-XRD with MS analysis[52]

Fig. 9 Schematic of capacity fading mechanism of high-nickel layered cathode materials

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