Study on Photonic-Detection and Bionic-synapse of Gr/Bi2O2Se/Gr Bi-heterojunction Device

doi:10.15541/jim20250459

Abstract

Abstract: In the process of modern electronic devices developing towards miniaturization, integration, and multi-functional intelligence, two-dimensional (2D) materials offer a promising development path for this field with their diverse structures and unique physicochemical properties. Among numerous 2D materials, Bi₂O₂Se has attracted extensive attention due to its suitable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and excellent environmental stability. However, current Bi₂O₂Se-based devices still suffer from issues such as large dark current and low responsivity, which hinder their further development in the field of high-performance optoelectronic devices. In this study, high-quality 2D Bi₂O₂Se nanosheets were grown on mica substrates via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Innovatively, symmetric graphene (Gr) electrodes were used to construct a Gr/Bi₂O₂Se/Gr bi-heterojunction device. This structure utilizes the built-in electric field formed at the dual interfaces between Gr and Bi₂O₂Se to optimize carrier injection and separation processes. Subsequently, the current-voltage characteristics, transient current responses, and spectral responsivity of the device under dark and illumination were systematically characterized at different wavelengths. Especially, the dynamic electrical behavior of the device under pulsed light stimulation was thoroughly investigated to mimic short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity functions. Under 532 nm light illumination, the device exhibits a favorable responsivity of 2.52 A/W and a detectivity of 3.39×10⁹ Jones, and maintains stable photoresponse across a wide wavelength range (365-1050 nm), confirming its potential as a broadband photodetector. Especially under 365 nm pulsed stimulation, the device demonstrates the transition from short-term plasticity to long-term plasticity. By adjusting the intensity, frequency, and number of light pulses, key biological synaptic behaviors, including excitatory postsynaptic currents and spike-timing-dependent plasticity, were accurately simulated. Furthermore, the device successfully reproduces the feature of “empirical learning”, fully demonstrating its potential in the field of neuromorphic computing.

Key words: two-dimensional materials, Bi₂O₂Se, graphene, photonic-detection, bionic-synapse

CLC Number:

TB383

SUN Li, XU Yongshan, GAO Yihua. Study on Photonic-Detection and Bionic-synapse of Gr/Bi₂O₂Se/Gr Bi-heterojunction Device[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250459.

References

[1] NOVOSELOV K S, GEIM A K, MOROZOV S V, et al. Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science, 2004, 306(5696): 666-669.
[2] KIM K S, KWON J, RYU H, et al. The future of two-dimensional semiconductors beyond Moore’s law. Nature Nanotechnology, 2024, 19(7): 895-906.
[3] AKINWANDE D, HUYGHEBAERT C, WANG C-H, et al. Graphene and two-dimensional materials for silicon technology. Nature, 2019, 573(7775): 507-518.
[4] XING R, ZHANG X, FAN X, et al. Coupling strategies of multi-physical fields in 2D materials-based photodetectors. Advanced Materials, 2025, 37(16): 2501833.
[5] 巴坤, 王建禄, 韩美康. MXene的红外特性及其应用研究展望.无机材料学报, 2023, 39(2): 162-170.
[6] WANG S, LIU X, XU M, et al. Two-dimensional devices and integration towards the silicon lines. Nature Materials, 2022, 21(11): 1225-1239.
[7] DAS S, SEBASTIAN A, POP E, et al. Transistors based on two-dimensional materials for future integrated circuits. Nature Electronics, 2021, 4(11): 786-799.
[8] LIU Y, DUAN X, SHIN H-[J], et al. Promises and prospects of two-dimensional transistors. Nature, 2021, 591(7848): 43-53.
[9] TAN C, YU M, TANG[J], et al. 2D fin field-effect transistors integrated with epitaxial high-k gate oxide. Nature, 2023, 616(7955): 66-72.
[10] WYSS K M, LUONG D X, TOUR J M.Large‐scale syntheses of 2D materials: flash joule heating and other methods.Advanced Materials, 2022, 34(8): 2106970.
[11] 李腊, 沈国震. 二维MXenes材料在柔性光电探测器中的应用展望.无机材料学报, 2023, 39(2): 186-194.
[12] LI S, LIU X, YANG H, et al. Two-dimensional perovskite oxide as a photoactive high-κ gate dielectric. Nature Electronics, 2024, 7(3): 216-224.
[13] ZHANG Q, HOU L, SHAUTSOVA V, et al. Ultrathin all-2D lateral diodes using top and bottom contacted laterally spaced graphene electrodes to WS₂ semiconductor monolayers. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2023, 15(14): 18012-18021.
[14] TAN C, YIN S, CHEN[J], et al. Broken-gap PtS₂/WSe₂ van der Waals heterojunction with ultrahigh reverse rectification and fast photoresponse. ACS Nano, 2021, 15(5): 8328-8337.
[15] WU F, XIA H, SUN H, et al. AsP/InSe van der Waals tunneling heterojunctions with ultrahigh reverse rectification ratio and high photosensitivity. Advanced Functional Materials, 2019, 29(12): 1900314.
[16] LIU X, QU D, LI H-M, et al. Modulation of quantum tunneling via a vertical two-dimensional black phosphorus and molybdenum disulfide p-n junction. ACS Nano, 2017, 11(9): 9143-9150.
[17] LI J, WANG Z, WEN Y, et al. High‐performance near‐infrared photodetector based on ultrathin Bi₂O₂Se nanosheets. Advanced Functional Materials, 2018, 28(10): 1706437.
[18] WANG W, MENG Y, ZHANG Y, et al. Electrically switchable polarization in Bi₂O₂Se ferroelectric semiconductors. Advanced Materials, 2023, 35(12): 2210854.
[19] YIN J, TAN Z, HONG H, et al. Ultrafast and highly sensitive infrared photodetectors based on two-dimensional oxyselenide crystals. Nature Communications, 2018, 9(1): 3311.
[20] ZHANG Z, LI T, WU Y, et al. Truly concomitant and independently expressed short‐and long‐term plasticity in a Bi₂O₂Se‐based three‐terminal memristor. Advanced Materials, 2019, 31(3): 1805769.
[21] LUO P, ZHUGE F, WANG F, et al. PbSe quantum dots sensitized high-mobility Bi₂O₂Se nanosheets for high-performance and broadband photodetection beyond 2 μm. ACS Nano, 2019, 13(8): 9028-9037.
[22] FAKIH I, DURNAN O, MAHVASH F, et al. Selective ion sensing with high resolution large area graphene field effect transistor arrays. Nat. Commun., 2020, 11(1): 3226.
[23] WANG W, MENG Y, WANG W, et al. Highly efficient full van der Waals 1D p‐Te/2D n‐Bi₂O₂Se heterodiodes with nanoscale ultra‐photosensitive channels. Advanced Functional Materials, 2022, 32(30): 2203003.
[24] LIU W, LV J, PENG L, et al. Graphene charge-injection photodetectors. Nature Electronics, 2022, 5(5): 281-288.
[25] SHIN J, YOO H.Photogating effect-driven photodetectors and their emerging applications.Nanomaterials, 2023, 13(5): 882.
[26] TSAI T-H, LIANG Z-Y, LIN Y-C, et al. Photogating WS₂ photodetectors using embedded WSe₂ charge puddles. ACS nano, 2020, 14(4): 4559-4566.
[27] 张世斌孔, 徐艳月,王永谦,刁宏伟,廖显伯. 微量硼掺杂非晶硅的瞬态光电导衰退及其光致变化.物理学报, 2002(01): 111-114.
[28] HAN J, FANG C, YU M, et al. A high‐performance schottky photodiode with asymmetric metal contacts constructed on 2D Bi₂O₂Se. Advanced Electronic Materials, 2022, 8(7): 2100987.
[29] LIU J, HAO Q, GAN H, et al. Selectively modulated photoresponse in type‐I heterojunction for ultrasensitive self‐powered photodetectors. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 2022, 16(11): 2200338.
[30] 杨佳霖, 王亮君, 阮丝园, et al. 基于CuI/Si单边异质结的微光高灵敏双波段可切换光电探测器. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(9): 1063-1069.
[31] LIU C-H, CHANG Y-C, NORRIS T B, et al. Graphene photodetectors with ultra-broadband and high responsivity at room temperature. Nature nanotechnology, 2014, 9(4): 273-278.
[32] SUN L, XU Y, HUO G,et al. Multifunctional neuromorphic optoelectronic computing using all 2D floating-gate transistors. Nano Energy, 2025, 143: 111311.
[33] GAO W, ZHANG S, ZHANG F, et al. 2D WS₂ based asymmetric Schottky photodetector with high performance. Advanced Electronic Materials, 2021, 7(7): 2000964.
[34] CHEN J, ZHANG Z, FENG[J], et al. 2D InSe self‐powered schottky photodetector with the same metal in asymmetric contacts. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2022, 9(35): 2200075.
[35] HUANG W, HANG P, WANG Y, et al. Zero-power optoelectronic synaptic devices. Nano Energy, 2020, 73: 104790.
[36] HAO Z, WANG H, JIANG S, et al. Retina‐inspired self‐powered artificial optoelectronic synapses with selective detection in organic asymmetric heterojunctions. Advanced Science, 2022, 9(7): 2103494.
[37] 王靖瑜, 万昌锦, 万青. 基于Al₂O₃/Chitosan叠层栅介质的双栅IGZO神经形态晶体管.无机材料学报, 2023, 38(4): 445-451.
[38] WANG X, ZONG Y, LIU D, et al. Advanced optoelectronic devices for neuromorphic analog based on low‐dimensional semiconductors. Advanced Functional Materials, 2023, 33(15): 2213894.
[39] ZHANG H-S, DONG X-M, ZHANG Z-C, et al. Co-assembled perylene/graphene oxide photosensitive heterobilayer for efficient neuromorphics. Nature Communications, 2022, 13(1): 4996.
[40] WANG W X, GAO S, LI Y, et al. Artificial optoelectronic synapses based on TiN_xO_2-x/MoS₂ heterojunction for neuromorphic computing and visual system. Advanced Functional Materials, 2021, 31(34): 2101201.
[41] HUANG W, HANG P, XIA X, et al. Two-terminal self-rectifying optoelectronic synaptic devices with largest-dynamic-range updates. Applied Materials Today, 2023, 30: 101728.
[42] HE J, CHEN K, HUANG C, et al. Explicit gain equations for single crystalline photoconductors. ACS nano, 2020, 14(3): 3405-3413.
[43] LI X, CHEN F, WANG X, et al. Emulation of optical and electrical synaptic functions in MoS₂/SnSe₂ van der Waals heterojunction memtransistors. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2024, 63(5): 056502.
[44] REN X, HE X, DUAN Z, et al. Self-Powered and broadband optical synapse device based on Se-vacancy Bi₂O₂Se for artificial vision system application. ACS Photonics, 2024, 11(11): 4990-4999.
[45] HAN S S, SHIN J-C, GHANIPOUR A, et al. High mobility transistors and flexible optical synapses enabled by wafer-scale chemical transformation of Pt-based 2D layers. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2024, 16(28): 36599-36608.
[46] ZHANG Y, TANG Y, LIU K, et al. Optoelectronic synapse based on Te/SnS₂ heterostructure with integrated sensing‐memory‐computing for neuromorphic visual system. Advanced Optical Materials, 2025, 13(26): e01371.
[47] HOU P, TAN S, ZHENG S.Design and implementation of an infrared artificial visual neural synapse based on a p-WSe₂/n-Ta₂NiS₅ van der Waals heterojunction.Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2024, 12(41): 16722-16731.
[48] DONG M, ZHANG Y, ZHU[J], et al. All‐in‐One 2D molecular crystal optoelectronic synapse for polarization‐sensitive neuromorphic visual system. Advanced Materials, 2024, 36(40): 2409550.

Study on Photonic-Detection and Bionic-synapse of Gr/Bi₂O₂Se/Gr Bi-heterojunction Device

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	FAN Yuzhu, WANG Yuan, WANG Linyan, XIANG Meiling, YAN Yuting, LI Benhui, LI Min, WEN Zhidong, WANG Haichao, CHEN Yongfu, QIU Huidong, ZHAO Bo, ZHOU Chengyu. Graphene Oxide-based Adsorbents for Pb(II) Removing in Water: Progresses on Synthesis, Performance and Mechanism [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2026, 41(1): 12-26.
[2]	YANG Mingkai, HUANG Zeai, ZHOU Yunxiao, LIU Tong, ZHANG Kuikui, TAN Hao, LIU Mengying, ZHAN Junjie, CHEN Guoxing, ZHOU Ying. Co-production of Few-layer Graphene and Hydrogen from Methane Pyrolysis Based on Cu and Metal Oxide-KCl Molten Medium [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(5): 473-480.
[3]	GAO Chenguang, SUN Xiaoliang, CHEN Jun, LI Daxin, CHEN Qingqing, JIA Dechang, ZHOU Yu. SiBCN-rGO Ceramic Fibers Based on Wet Spinning Technology: Microstructure, Mechanical and Microwave-absorbing Properties [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(3): 290-296.
[4]	WANG Yue, WANG Xin, YU Xianli. Room-temperature Ferromagnetic All-carbon Films Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(3): 305-313.
[5]	LI Honglan, ZHANG Junmiao, SONG Erhong, YANG Xinglin. Mo/S Co-doped Graphene for Ammonia Synthesis: a Density Functional Theory Study [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(5): 561-568.
[6]	SUN Chuan, HE Pengfei, HU Zhenfeng, WANG Rong, XING Yue, ZHANG Zhibin, LI Jinglong, WAN Chunlei, LIANG Xiubing. SiC-based Ceramic Materials Incorporating GNPs Array: Preparation and Mechanical Characterization [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(3): 267-273.
[7]	WANG Yanli, QIAN Xinyi, SHEN Chunyin, ZHAN Liang. Graphene Based Mesoporous Manganese-Cerium Oxides Catalysts: Preparation and Low-temperature Catalytic Reduction of NO [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(1): 81-89.
[8]	YANG Pingjun, LI Tiehu, LI Hao, DANG Alei. Effect of Graphene on Graphitization, Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin Carbon Foam [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(1): 107-112.
[9]	DONG Yiman, TAN Zhan’ao. Research Progress of Recombination Layers in Two-terminal Tandem Solar Cells Based on Wide Bandgap Perovskite [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2023, 38(9): 1031-1043.
[10]	CHEN Saisai, PANG Yali, WANG Jiaona, GONG Yan, WANG Rui, LUAN Xiaowan, LI Xin. Preparation and Properties of Green-yellow Reversible Electro-thermochromic Fabric [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(9): 954-960.
[11]	SUN Ming, SHAO Puzhen, SUN Kai, HUANG Jianhua, ZHANG Qiang, XIU Ziyang, XIAO Haiying, WU Gaohui. First-principles Study on Interface of Reduced Graphene Oxide Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(6): 651-659.
[12]	AN Lin, WU Hao, HAN Xin, LI Yaogang, WANG Hongzhi, ZHANG Qinghong. Non-precious Metals Co_5.47N/Nitrogen-doped rGO Co-catalyst Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of TiO₂ [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(5): 534-540.
[13]	WANG Hongli, WANG Nan, WANG Liying, SONG Erhong, ZHAO Zhankui. Hydrogen Generation from Formic Acid Boosted by Functionalized Graphene Supported AuPd Nanocatalysts [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(5): 547-553.
[14]	DONG Shurui, ZHAO Di, ZHAO Jing, JIN Wanqin. Effect of Ionized Amino Acid on the Water-selective Permeation through Graphene Oxide Membrane in Pervaporation Process [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(4): 387-394.
[15]	JIANG Lili, XU Shuaishuai, XIA Baokai, CHEN Sheng, ZHU Junwu. Defect Engineering of Graphene Hybrid Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reactions [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(2): 215-222.