核壳高指数Pt3-xCo@Ptx/C纳米催化剂的制备及其氧还原性能研究

doi:10.15541/jim20260173

无机材料学报

核壳高指数Pt_3-_xCo@Pt_x/C纳米催化剂的制备及其氧还原性能研究

王宣^1,2,3, 郭瑞华^1,2,3, 安胜利^1,2,3, 孙婷婷^1,2,3, 刘媛媛², 岳帅军⁴

1.内蒙古科技大学材料科学与工程学院,包头 014010;
2.内蒙古科技大学内蒙古自治区先进陶瓷材料与器件重点实验室,包头 014010;
3.内蒙古科技大学轻稀土资源绿色提取与高效利用教育部重点实验室,包头 014010;
4.包头稀土研究院,包头 014030

收稿日期:2026-04-21 修回日期:2026-06-19
通讯作者: 郭瑞华,教授. E-mail: grh7810@163.com
作者简介:王宣(2001-),男,硕士研究生. E-mail: 2438079303@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51864040）; 内蒙古自治区科技计划（2025YFHH0050, 2021GG0042）; 内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才(NJYT22064)

Preparation and Oxygen Reduction Performance of Core-shell High Index Pt_3-_xCo@Pt_x/C nanocatalysts

WANG Xuan^1,2,3, GUO Ruihua^1,2,3, AN Shengli^1,2,3, SUN Tingting^1,2,3, LIU Yuanyuan², YUE Shuaijun⁴

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramic Materials and Devices, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Green Extraction & Efficient Utilization of Light Rare-Earth Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China;
4. Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths, Baotou 014030, China

Received:2026-04-21 Revised:2026-06-19
Contact: GUO Ruihua, professor. E-mail: grh7810@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51864040); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program (2025YFHH0050, 2021GG0042); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Youth Science and Technology Excellence in Higher Education (NJYT22064)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氢燃料电池凭借能量转换效率高、环境零污染、环境相容性优异等突出技术优势,已成为新能源电化学领域的研究热点。目前,商用催化剂普遍存在贵金属负载量高、催化反应动力学迟缓、催化效率不足等问题。本研究采用水热法合成高指数Pt-Co合金晶种,随后通过Pt壳层的外延还原生长精准构筑核壳结构,得到Pt_3-_xCo@Pt_x/C(x=0.3、0.6、0.9)系列高指数核壳纳米催化剂。结果证实,所制备催化剂呈现高指数内凹形貌,Pt_2.4Co@Pt_0.6/C催化剂表面主要暴露{310}、{410}高指数晶面。ORR测试结果表明,该催化剂电化学活性表面积(ECSA)可达63.05 m²·g^-1,为商用Pt/C催化剂的1.9倍。质量活性(MA)为 299 mA·mg_Pt^-1,是商用Pt/C催化剂的2.3倍。经过5000次循环测试后,其半波电位仅衰减15 mV,展现出优异的ORR催化活性与稳定性。这归因于其独特的核壳结构可耦合应变效应与电子调控效应,精准调控铂的d带中心,优化氧还原反应中间体的吸附-脱附行为。本研究通过探究高指数核壳结构的催化协同机制,为氢燃料电池用高性能氧还原催化剂的可控制备提供了理论依据与技术支撑。

关键词: 氢燃料电池, 氧还原反应, 核壳结构, 高指数晶面

Abstract: Hydrogen fuel cells have become a research hotspot in the field of new-energy electrochemistry owing to their prominent technical merits, including high energy-conversion efficiency, zero environmental pollution and favorable environmental compatibility. At present, commercial catalysts commonly suffer from high noble-metal loading, sluggish catalytic reaction kinetics, and insufficient catalytic efficiency. In this study, high-index Pt-Co alloy seeds were synthesized via the hydrothermal method. Subsequently, the core-shell structure was precisely fabricated through the epitaxial reductive growth of the Pt shell, and a series of high-index core-shell nanocatalysts of Pt_3-_xCo@Pt_x/C(x=0.3, 0.6, 0.9) were obtained. Results demonstrate that the as-prepared catalysts display high-index concave morphology, and the surface of Pt_2.4Co@Pt_0.6/C mainly exposes {310} and {410} high-index facets. ORR measurements reveal that its electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) reaches 63.05 m²·g^-1, which is 1.9 times that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst. The mass activity (MA) is 299 mA·mg_Pt^-1, 2.3-fold higher than that of commercial Pt/C. After 5000 potential cycles, its half-wave potential only decays by 15 mV, demonstrating outstanding ORR catalytic activity and stability. This is attributed to the unique core-shell structure that couples the strain effect and electronic modulation effect, which precisely tunes the d-band center of Pt and optimizes the adsorption-desorption behavior of ORR intermediates. By investigating the catalytic synergistic mechanism of the high-index core-shell structure, this work provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the controllable fabrication of high-performance ORR catalysts applied to hydrogen fuel cells.

Key words: hydrogen cell, oxygen reduction reaction, core-shell structure, high-index facet

中图分类号:

TQ116

王宣, 郭瑞华, 安胜利, 孙婷婷, 刘媛媛, 岳帅军. 核壳高指数Pt_3-_xCo@Pt_x/C纳米催化剂的制备及其氧还原性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260173.

WANG Xuan, GUO Ruihua, AN Shengli, SUN Tingting, LIU Yuanyuan, YUE Shuaijun. Preparation and Oxygen Reduction Performance of Core-shell High Index Pt_3-_xCo@Pt_x/C nanocatalysts[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260173.

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