一锅法合成高温氢燃料电池用高效无钴复合阴极

doi:10.15541/jim20250155

无机材料学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1349-1355.DOI: 10.15541/jim20250155

• 专栏：高温燃料电池关键材料(客座编辑：凌意瀚) • 上一篇下一篇

一锅法合成高温氢燃料电池用高效无钴复合阴极

刘通¹^,²(), 黄溯², 朱诗悦³, 查方林⁴, 胡学雷¹, 王瑶²

1.武汉工程大学化工与制药学院, 磷矿及其共伴生资源绿色高效开发利用全国重点实验室, 绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室, 湖北省新型反应器与绿色化学工艺重点实验室, 武汉 430205
2.武汉大学动力与机械学院, 武汉 430072
3.淮南师范学院低温共烧材料安徽省重点实验室, 淮南 232038
4.国网湖南省电力有限公司电力科学研究院, 长沙 410208

收稿日期:2025-04-13 修回日期:2025-06-17 出版日期:2025-12-20 网络出版日期:2025-06-27
作者简介:刘通(1985-), 男, 副教授. E-mail: liu_tong@wit.edu.cn
基金资助:
湖北省自然科学基金(2024AFB754);武汉工程大学校内基金(K202201);国网湖南省电力有限公司科技项目(5216A5240007);低温共烧材料安徽省重点实验室开放基金(2024LCA03)

Preparation of Cobalt-free Composite Cathode for Efficient High-temperature Hydrogen Fuel Cell via One-pot Synthesis Method

LIU Tong¹^,²(), HUANG Su², ZHU Shiyue³, ZHA Fanglin⁴, HU Xuelei¹, WANG Yao²

1. State Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient Development of Phosphorus Resources, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
2. School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
3. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Low-Temperature Co-Fired Materials, Huainan Normal University, Huainan 232038, China
4. State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company Limited Research Institute, Changsha 410208, China

Received:2025-04-13 Revised:2025-06-17 Published:2025-12-20 Online:2025-06-27
About author:LIU Tong (1985-), male, associate professor. E-mail: liu_tong@wit.edu.cn
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2024AFB754);Start-up Research Funds from Wuhan Institute of Technology(K202201);Science and Technology Project of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co., Ltd.(5216A5240007);Open Research Fund Program of Anhui Key Laboratory of Low-Temperature Co-fired Materials(2024LCA03)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高温氢燃料电池——固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)由于具有能量转换效率高、燃料适应性强、环境友好、全固态结构等优点被认为是实现“双碳”目标的一种有效的能量转换装置, 但是SOFC的传统钴基阴极存在成本较高、易挥发、热膨胀系数高、易与电解质发生反应等问题。本研究采用一锅法制备了无钴复合阴极Sm_0.6Sr_0.4FeO_3-_δ- Ce_0.8Sm_0.2O_1.9(O-SSF-SDC), 其中钙钛矿型金属氧化物SSF和萤石型氧化物SDC的质量分数分别为75%和25%。微观形貌和元素分布结果表明, 与传统的机械混磨方法相比, 一锅法制备的O-SSF-SDC复合阴极材料的颗粒尺寸更加均匀, 可以为阴极氧还原提供更多的反应活性位点, 700 ℃空气气氛条件下O-SSF-SDC复合阴极对称电池的界面阻抗低至0.175 Ω·cm²。当O-SSF-SDC单电池的阴极和阳极分别暴露于空气和3% H₂O湿润的氢气时, 电池的最大输出功率密度可达609.6 mW·cm^-2, 展示出与传统钴基阴极相当的电化学性能。这些结果表明一锅法可以制备高性能复合阴极, 为高性能高温氢燃料电池的研发提供借鉴。

关键词: 高温氢燃料电池, 固体氧化物燃料电池, 无钴阴极, 一锅法

Abstract:

High-temperature hydrogen fuel cell, commonly referred to as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), is regarded as an effective energy conversion device for achieving the "dual carbon" goals due to its advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, strong fuel flexibility, environmental friendliness, and all-solid-state structure. To address the issues of high cost, volatility, high thermal expansion coefficient, and easy reaction with electrolyte of traditional cobalt-based cathodes, a cobalt-free composite cathode (O-SSF-SDC), consisting of 75% (in mass) perovskite oxide Sm_0.6Sr_0.4FeO_3-_δ (SSF) and 25% (in mass) fluorite structure Ce_0.8Sm_0.2O_1.9 (SDC), was prepared by one-pot synthesis method for SOFC application. The morphological results and element mapping images demonstrated that the O-SSF-SDC composite cathode exhibited uniform particle size, which provided more active reaction sites for the oxygen reduction reaction in the cathode. The symmetrical cell with O-SSF-SDC cathode showed a relatively low electrode polarization resistance of 0.175 Ω·cm² at 700 ℃ in air, while the maximum output power density of the single cell equipped with O-SSF-SDC cathode reached 609.6 mW·cm^-2 when exposing the anode and cathode to 3% H₂O wet H₂ and ambient air, respectively, demonstrating comparable electrochemical performance to traditional cobalt-based cathodes. This work can provide reference for the development of efficient high-temperature hydrogen fuel cells.

Key words: high-temperature hydrogen fuel cell, solid oxide fuel cell, cobalt free cathode, one-pot method

中图分类号:

TQ15

刘通, 黄溯, 朱诗悦, 查方林, 胡学雷, 王瑶. 一锅法合成高温氢燃料电池用高效无钴复合阴极[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(12): 1349-1355.

LIU Tong, HUANG Su, ZHU Shiyue, ZHA Fanglin, HU Xuelei, WANG Yao. Preparation of Cobalt-free Composite Cathode for Efficient High-temperature Hydrogen Fuel Cell via One-pot Synthesis Method[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(12): 1349-1355.

图/表 7

图1 SSF、SDC和O-SSF-SDC粉体的XRD图谱

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of SSF, SDC and O-SSF-SDC powders

图2 400~800 ℃空气气氛下M-SSF-SDC和O-SSF-SDC复合材料的电导率

Fig. 2 Electrical conductivities of M-SSF-SDC and O-SSF-SDC composite materials measured in air at 400-800 ℃

图3 (a~f) O-SSF-SDC和(g~l) M-SSF-SDC复合材料的SEM-EDS照片

Fig. 3 SEM-EDS images of (a-f) O-SSF-SDC and (g-l) M-SSF-SDC composite materials (a, g) Overlayer images of all elements; (b, h) SEM images; (c, i) Ce; (d, j) Sm; (e, k) O; (f, l) Fe

图4 由O-SSF-SDC复合阴极构筑的对称电池的(a) SEM照片和(b~h)线扫描EDS元素分布图

Fig. 4 (a) SEM image and (b-h) line-scanning EDS elemental mapping images for symmetrical cell with O-SSF-SDC composite cathode (b) Ce; (c) Sm; (d) Sr; (e) Fe; (f) Y; (g) Zr; (h) O

图5 (a) O-SSF-SDC和(b) M-SSF-SDC复合阴极对称电池的(a, b) EIS谱图以及(c) ASR拟合数据

Fig. 5 (a, b) EIS spectra and (c) ASR fitting data for symmetrical cells with (a) O-SSF-SDC and (b) M-SSF-SDC composite cathode

图6 由O-SSF-SDC阴极构筑的单电池的断面SEM照片

Fig. 6 Cross-sectional SEM image of single cell with O-SSF-SDC cathode

图7 O-SSF-SDC阴极单电池的电化学性能

Fig. 7 Electrochemical performance of single cell with O-SSF-SDC cathode (a) I-V-P curves; (b) Nyquist curves; (c) Frequency vs. imaginary part of EIS spectra Colorful figures are available on website

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一锅法合成高温氢燃料电池用高效无钴复合阴极

Preparation of Cobalt-free Composite Cathode for Efficient High-temperature Hydrogen Fuel Cell via One-pot Synthesis Method

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