连续氧化铝纤维高温长时热处理的微结构与力学性能演变

doi:10.15541/jim20250462

无机材料学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 1110-1116.DOI: 10.15541/jim20250462

连续氧化铝纤维高温长时热处理的微结构与力学性能演变

胡娟(), 许頔(), 聂怀文, 林根连, 闫继娜()

中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所, 新材料中试研发中心, 上海 201800

收稿日期:2025-11-21 修回日期:2026-01-21 出版日期:2026-08-20 网络出版日期:2026-02-05
通讯作者: 许頔, 高级工程师. E-mail: xudi@mail.sic.ac.cn;
闫继娜, 研究员. E-mail: jnyan@mail.sic.ac.cn
作者简介:胡娟(1975-), 女, 高级工程师. E-mail: hujuan@mail.sic.ac.cn
基金资助:
空间碎片与近地小行星防御科研项目(KJSP2020010402)

Microstructure and Mechanical Property Evolution of Continuous Alumina Fibers during Long-term Exposure at Elevated Temperatures

HU Juan(), XU Di(), NIE Huaiwen, LIN Genlian, YAN Jina()

R&D Center for Novel Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China

Received:2025-11-21 Revised:2026-01-21 Published:2026-08-20 Online:2026-02-05
Contact: XU Di, senior engineer. E-mail: xudi@mail.sic.ac.cn;
YAN Jina, professor. E-mail: jnyan@mail.sic.ac.cn
About author:HU Juan (1975-), female, senior engineer. E-mail: hujuan@mail.sic.ac.cn
Supported by:
Space Debris and Near Earth Asteroid Defense Project(KJSP2020010402)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

连续氧化铝纤维具有优异的化学稳定性、抗氧化性、结构稳定性以及高温力学性能, 被广泛应用于航空航天、国防军工、能源等领域, 是一种兼具研究价值和市场前景的高性能工程纤维。不同氧化铝纤维的组分、结构和形貌的差异导致其长期使用温度各不相同。本工作利用不同研究手段, 系统研究了Nextel^TM 440和NITIVY ALF^TM两种商业化纤维及自制SLF72连续氧化铝纤维经历高温长时热处理后的物相结构、微观形貌与力学性能演变, 探讨了纤维的物相结构和微观形貌对其力学性能的影响规律和机理, 并对比了上述三种纤维经不同温度热处理后的力学性能。结果表明, 随着热处理温度升高, 三种纤维均发生莫来石相转变, 且单丝拉伸强度总体呈降低趋势, 莫来石相的生成和长大是导致强度降低的主要原因。相较于Nextel^TM 440和NITIVY ALF^TM商业化纤维, 自制SLF72纤维在高温长时处理后具有更高的力学性能, 三种纤维的长期使用温度依次为SLF72>NITIVY ALF^TM>Nextel^TM 440。

关键词: 氧化铝纤维, 长时热处理, 微结构, 单丝力学性能

Abstract:

Continuous alumina fibers are widely used in fields including aerospace, national defense, military industry and energy resources, due to their exceptional chemical stability, oxidation resistance, structural stability and excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, making them promising engineering fibers with significant research value and market prospects. The long-term service temperature of alumina fibers varies depending on their composition, structure and morphology. In this work, phase composition, microstructure and mechanical property evolution of two commercial fibers (i.e. Nextel^TM 440 and NITIVY ALF^TM), and one lab-synthesized fiber (i.e. SLF72) were investigated after long-term treatment at elevated temperatures. Characterization was performed using different methods. The influence of phase composition and microstructure on mechanical properties was discussed, and the underlying mechanisms were elucidated. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the fibers after heat treatment at different temperatures were compared. The results indicate that all three fibers undergo a transformation to mullite phase, accompanied by a general decline in single-filament tensile strength with increasing temperature. The formation and growth of mullite phase are identified as the primary reasons for the strength degradation after heat treatment. Compared with Nextel^TM 440 and NITIVY ALF^TM, the lab-synthesized fiber SLF72 demonstrates superior mechanical properties after long-term exposure at elevated temperatures. The long-term service temperature limits of the fibers follow the order: SLF72>NITIVY ALF^TM>Nextel^TM 440.

Key words: alumina fiber, long-term heat treatment, microstructure, single filament mechanical property

中图分类号:

TQ174

胡娟, 许頔, 聂怀文, 林根连, 闫继娜. 连续氧化铝纤维高温长时热处理的微结构与力学性能演变[J]. 无机材料学报, 2026, 41(8): 1110-1116.

HU Juan, XU Di, NIE Huaiwen, LIN Genlian, YAN Jina. Microstructure and Mechanical Property Evolution of Continuous Alumina Fibers during Long-term Exposure at Elevated Temperatures[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2026, 41(8): 1110-1116.

图/表 7

表1 三种连续氧化铝纤维的室温性能

Table 1 Room temperature properties of three continuous alumina fibers

Fiber	Composition (in mass)	Crystal structure	Tensile strength/GPa	Diameter/μm
Nextel^TM 440	70% Al₂O₃, 28% SiO₂, 2% B₂O₃	γ-Al₂O₃ + amorphous SiO₂	1.84	10-12
NITIVY ALF^TM	72% Al₂O₃, 28% SiO₂	γ-Al₂O₃ + amorphous SiO₂	1.78	7.0
SLF72	72% Al₂O₃, 28% SiO₂	γ-Al₂O₃ + amorphous SiO₂	1.72	7.6

图1 三种纤维经不同温度热处理100 h后的XRD图谱

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of three fibers after heat treatment at different temperatures for 100 h (a) NextelTM 440 fiber; (b) NITIVY ALFTM fiber; (c) SLF72 fiber

图2 NextelTM 440及NITIVY ALFTM纤维的SEM照片

Fig. 2 SEM images of NextelTM 440 and NITIVY ALFTM fibers (a) Untreated NextelTM 440; (b) Untreated NITIVY ALFTM; (c) NextelTM 440 fiber after heat-treated at 1100 ℃ for 100 h; (d) NITIVY ALFTM after heat-treated at 1100 ℃ for 100 h; (e) NextelTM 440 after heat-treated at 1200 ℃ for 100 h; (f) NITIVY ALFTM after heat-treated at 1200 ℃ for 100 h; (g) NextelTM 440 after heat-treated at 1300 ℃ for 100 h; (f) NITIVY ALFTM after heat-treated at 1300 ℃ for 100 h

图3 自制SLF72纤维不同温度处理100 h后的SEM照片

Fig. 3 SEM images of SLF72 fiber heat-treated at different temperatures for 100 h Surface: (a) Untreated, (f) 1300 ℃; Cross section: (b) Untreated, (c) 1100 ℃, (d) 1200 ℃, (e) 1300 ℃

图4 NextelTM 440、NITIVY ALFTM及SLF72纤维在不同温度热处理100 h的单丝拉伸强度保持率变化

Fig. 4 Strength retention rate of NextelTM 440, NITIVY ALFTM and SLF72 fibers after heat-treated at different temperatures for 100 h

图5 三种纤维热处理前后的威布尔分布拟合曲线

Fig.5 Weibull plots of three fibers before and after heat treatment (a) Untreated NextelTM 440 fiber and treated at 1000 ℃ for 100 h; (b) Untreated NITIVY ALFTM fiber and treated at 1100 ℃ for 100 h; (c) Untreated SLF72 fiber and treated at 1100 ℃ for 100 h

表2 三种纤维未处理及1100 ℃高温处理100 h的威布尔模数m及特征强度σ0

Table 2 Weibull modulus (m) and the scale parameter (σ0) for three fibers untreated and treated at 1100 ℃ for 100 h

Fiber	Weibull modulus, m (untreated/treated at 1100 ℃ for 100 h)	Scale parameter, σ₀/MPa (untreated/ treated at 1100 ℃ for 100 h)
3M Nextel^TM 440	3.24/2.97	2365/1665
NITIVY ALF^TM	6.95/6.78	1771/1642
SLF72	8.86/7.42	1841/2043

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连续氧化铝纤维高温长时热处理的微结构与力学性能演变

Microstructure and Mechanical Property Evolution of Continuous Alumina Fibers during Long-term Exposure at Elevated Temperatures

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