载银放射状介孔二氧化硅的制备及其在牙科树脂中的应用

doi:10.15541/jim20240305

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

牙科树脂因美观、安全和容易操作等优势, 已成为目前临床最常用的龋洞填充材料, 但仍存在机械强度较低、抗菌性能不足等问题, 导致使用寿命较短。本研究首先制备了放射状介孔二氧化硅(Radial mesoporous silica, RMS)粉体材料, 再将纳米银载入其多孔孔道中, 得到载银放射状介孔二氧化硅(Ag-RMS)。将Ag-RMS与牙科树脂复合, 研究其含量对牙科树脂抗菌性能、机械性能及其他理化性能的影响。结果表明, Ag-RMS可显著提高牙科树脂抗菌性能, Ag-RMS质量分数为5%时, 对变形链球菌的抗菌率已达99.68%。牙科复合树脂机械强度随Ag-RMS含量增加而逐渐升高, 质量分数为7%时, 复合树脂弯曲强度比树脂基体高28.16%。而且, 添加Ag-RMS不会对牙科树脂的聚合收缩率、单体转化率、光固化深度和表面亲疏水性等产生显著影响。本研究所制备的Ag-RMS可提高牙科树脂的抗菌和机械性能。

关键词: 牙科树脂, 载银介孔二氧化硅, 抗菌性能, 机械性能

Abstract:

Dental resins are currently the most commonly used filling materials for dental caries clinically due to their advantages of aesthetics, safety, and easy operation. However, their service life is limited because of their low mechanical strength and insufficient antibacterial activity. In this study, radial mesoporous silica was prepared firstly, and then loaded nanosilver into its porous channels to obtain silver loaded radial mesoporous silica (Ag-RMS). Effects of different contents of Ag-RMS on antibacterial, mechanical, and physicochemical properties of dental composite resins were studied. The results showed that Ag-RMS could significantly improve the antibacterial performance of composite resins, achieving an antibacterial rate of 99.68% against Streptococcus mutans when the addition amount of Ag-RMS was 5% (mass fraction). Mechanical strength of the composite resin gradually increased with the increase of Ag-RMS content. When the addition amount of Ag-RMS reached 7% (in mass), the flexural strength of composite resins was 28.16% higher than that of resin matrix. Moreover, the addition of Ag-RMS had almost no obvious effect on their polymerization shrinkage rate, monomer conversion rate, curing depth, and surface hydrophobicity. These results indicate that the prepared Ag-RMS in this study can improve the comprehensive performance of the novel composite resins.

Key words: dental resin, silver loaded mesoporous silica, antibacterial property, mechanical property

中图分类号:

TQ174

王月月, 黄佳慧, 孔红星, 李怀珠, 姚晓红. 载银放射状介孔二氧化硅的制备及其在牙科树脂中的应用[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(1): 77-83.

WANG Yueyue, HUANG Jiahui, KONG Hongxing, LI Huaizhu, YAO Xiaohong. Silver Loaded Radial Mesoporous Silica: Preparation and Application in Dental Resins[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(1): 77-83.

图/表 9

图1 RMS的SEM照片(a)、Ag-RMS的SEM照片(b, c)和EDS分析结果(d)

Fig. 1 SEM image of RMS (a), SEM images (b, c) and EDS result (d) of Ag-RMS

表1 Ag-RMS的化学组成

Table 1 Chemical composition of Ag-RMS

Element	O	Si	Ag	Total
Mass fraction/%	60.44	37.59	1.97	100

图2 Ag-RMS的XRD图谱(a)、粒度分布(b)、N2吸附-解吸等温线(c)和孔径分布图(d)

Fig. 2 XRD pattern (a), particle size distribution (b), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm (c), and pore size distribution (d) of Ag-RMS

表2 Ag-RMS的粒径、比表面积和孔容孔径

Table 2 Particle size, specific surface area, pore volume and pore size of Ag-RMS

Sample	Average size/nm	Specific surface area/(m²·g^-1)	Cumulative pore volume/(cm³·g^-1)	Average pore diameter/nm
Ag-RMS	421±181	348.15	0.43	5.15

图3 树脂基体(a)和含2% (b)、5% (c)、7% (d)Ag-RMS牙科复合树脂的抗菌效果照片

Fig. 3 Photographic antibacterial effect of neat resin matrix (a) and dental composite resins with 2% (b), 5% (c), and 7% (d) Ag-RMS contents

图4 不同Ag-RMS含量的牙科复合树脂的抗菌率

Fig. 4 Antibacterial rates of dental composite resins with different contents of Ag-RMS

图5 不同含量的Ag-RMS对牙科复合树脂机械性能的影响

Fig. 5 Effect of different contents of Ag-RMS on the mechanical properties of dental composite resins (a) Flexural strength; (b) Flexural modulus; (c) Compressive strength; (d) Vickers microhardness. *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01

图6 不同质量比的Ag-RMS与实心二氧化硅对牙科复合树脂机械性能的影响

Fig. 6 Effect of different mass ratios of Ag-RMS and solid silica on the mechanical properties of dental composite resins (a) Flexural strength; (b) Flexural modulus; (c) Compressive strength; (d) Vickers microhardness. *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01, ***: p < 0.001

图7 不同无机填料的牙科复合树脂的聚合收缩率(a)、单体转化率(b)、固化深度(c)和接触角(d) (*: p < 0.05)

Fig. 7 Polymerization shrinkage (a), degree of conversion (b), curing depth (c), and contact angle (d) of dental composite resins with different inorganic fillers (*: p < 0.05)

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